on 8/26/05 8:16 AM, JimKandJulieB@xxxxxxx at JimKandJulieB@xxxxxxx wrote: <<Back then pharmacists said, "Heroin clears the complexion, gives buoyancy to the mind, regulates the stomach and bowels, and is, in fact, a perfect guardian of health." >> How in the *world* did such a notion develope?!?! And when and how was the reality of the chemical and its effect on people realized? The only puzzle here to me is the reference to complexion. Opiates were very common in the nineteenth century. Open a nineteenth century newspaper and you'll find all kinds of liquids that are guaranteed to deal with pain, loose stool, anxiety etc. (but not complexion). Most had opiates in them and, indeed, were able to address these problems better than competing remedies. I don't recall the early history of heroin but I do remember that it was introduced as an improvement on laudanem--all of the benefits, fewer side effects! David Ritchie Portland, Oregon