I didn't mean historiography, Lawrence, I meant something like "what historians are like and what they do". Collingwood, well, I haven't read _The Idea of History_ so can't really comment on his views though I did think there was rather more to them than "try to be objective". LH>Unless one seeks to present the points of view of the actors LH>in the history; then one as an historian has not done his job. that's one type of history. LH>I sought out historians who attempted to employ Collingwood's LH> principle. We know what Marx and Marxists say, but what do the Islamists say? that's intellectual history -- which is fine, but not all there is. Also, if Collingwood really meant LH>to present the points of view of the actors LH>in the history then surely one would want to present the points of view of e.g. the 9/11 bombers (insofar as that's possible now) or the 21/7 failed bombers here; and by "points of view" I do not mean "works of an Islamist thinker who inspired various, though not all, radical Islamist movements, but was not their only inspiration". LH>It was as a result of having studied Collingwood that I was LH>especially critical of the Leftists who wrote about the LH> Islamists and terrorists. They advanced the idea that LH> these people were engaged in just another Marxist-type revolutionary activity I have replied to this before. It seems to me untrue. In fact, it *is* untrue. It is demonstrably untrue. LH>There are those here on Lit-Ideas who view me through a LH>Marxist paradigm. It does me no good to say that Kenneth Pollack LH>was a Democrat and a Clinton appointee, LH>(etc. etc.) Lawrence what on earth do you mean by "Marxist paradigm"? You are, surely, misusing the term. Grossly. LH>And if the Marxist historians disagree with what the Islamists say, LH>why are they in a better position to know the mind of the Islamists LH>than the Islamists themselves? 1. Clearly it's OK for Marxist historians (and indeed others) to disagree with an Islamist interpretation of an event (and indeed, we might wish them to). 2. Clearly "knowing the mind" of Islamists is a different matter, and if we get really fundamentalist about this, we can say that you can't say anything about what a woman thinks because you are not one, I can't say anything about what a Marine thinks because I am not one, etc. etc. Trivially true, but unhelpful. 3. Marxist historians are distinguished from others by their field and focus of study, not by explicit theoretical frameworks. LH>That obviously is making the same mistake that the LH>aforementioned Edward Said and John Esposito made. ? LH> They are engaging in the creation of poor history Said was not an historian. It's unclear that he was a Marxist (boring stuff about this will follow on request...). Esposito is not an historian. He is surely not a Marxist? Judy Evans, Cardiff