So we are a bunch of cyclicalists. Ritchie: "My current weakness is encyclopedia Britannica. I just bought my third set, which will allow me perhaps to say a thing or two about the transition from the eleventh to the thirteenth edition." Helm: "By coincidence, I have an 11th Ed. And I also have the 3 vols. that presumably comprise the additions that along with the 11th make up the 13th Edition. In fact, those 3 vols, entitled "13th Ed," led me to believe that there was no integrated 13th Ed; that is, that the 13th Ed consisted of an 11th Ed plus the 3 vol. addendum. Pray tell, what three volumes do you have? I was once tempted by an earlier edition, perhaps the ninth or the tenth but resisted. I do have a 1990 15th, but I have never become reconciled to Mortimer Adler's innovations." Interesting. Here some more about that misreading of GALEN which took me some time (the last hour) to swallow. "Egkuklios" -- 'encyclical' indeed! Odd how a mistake should spread in a language like that when people like Holyday got it right all the time. Cheers, J. L. Speranza Buenos Aires, Argentina --- From the OED 'encyclical' f. late (i.e. non-classical) Latin encyclicus (see 'encylcic = al). "Used as transl. of Gr. , i.e. general (education). I'm confused. If 'paideia' is FEMININE, as I think it is, how come the qualifying phrase is 'egkuklios' and NOT 'egkuklia' -- or is this one of those two-form adjectives, for masc/fem. and neuter? 1616-61 B[illy] Holyday. Persius 301 The learning, which they call encyclical. I love Browning. Mrs. Browning (aka 'The Portuguese' on account of her dark looks). Trust her to use 'cyclical' as a 'nonce-use' meaning 'encircling' -- cited in the OED: Dropping from Heaven's encyclic rim. 1850 Mrs. Browning. Vis. Poets I. 202 -- This almost reminds me of Grice when he quotes from Austin: "One one occasion, [P. H.] Nowell-Smith [The 'Trinity' (Coll.) philosopher] (cast in the role of straight man) offered as an example of non-understandable English an extract from a sonnet of Donne: "From the round earth's imagined corners, Angels, your trumpets blow." "Austin said, 'It is perfectly clear what _that_ means; it means, 'Angels, blow your trumpets from what pesons less cautious than I would call the four corners of the earth'". (Grice, 'Reply to Richards'). So, how would _you_ Geary, expand on Mrs. Browning polite couplet? Cheers J. L. Speranza Buenos Aires, Argentina ************************************** See what's new at http://www.aol.com