All, I have been using this to explain Touchstone 2 and Sparse Touchstone 2 to customers and model vendors who are interested in converting Touchstone 1 to Touchstone 2 and Sparse Touchstone 2 files. Walter This is a simple example of how an s4p transitions: * Touchstone 1.0 s4p 16 matrix elements * Touchstone 2.0 s4p 16 matrix elements * Touchstone 2.0 s4p Upper Format 10 matrix elements * Touchstone 2.1 s4p Sparse No Symmetry 16 matrix elements * Touchstone 2.1 s4p Sparse Upper Format 10 matrix elements * Touchstone 2.1 s4p Sparse Coupled Wline 4 matrix elements * Touchstone 2.1 s4p Sparse Uncoupled Wline 2 matrix elements Walter Touchstone 1.0 (Sij are a pair of numbers). # GHZ S MA R 50 f_1 s11 s12 s13 s14 s21 s22 s23 s24 s31 s32 s33 s34 s41 s42 s43 s44 f_2 s11 s12 s13 s14 s21 s22 s23 s24 s31 s32 s33 s34 s41 s42 s43 s44 f_3 s11 s12 s13 s14 s21 s22 s23 s24 s31 s32 s33 s34 s41 s42 s43 s44 ? f_N s11 s12 s13 s14 s21 s22 s23 s24 s31 s32 s33 s34 s41 s42 s43 s44 Touchstone 2.0: [Version] 2.0 # GHZ S MA R 50 [Number of Ports] 4 [Number of Frequencies] N [Network Data] f_1 s11 s12 s13 s14 s21 s22 s23 s24 s31 s32 s33 s34 s41 s42 s43 s44 f_2 s11 s12 s13 s14 s21 s22 s23 s24 s31 s32 s33 s34 s41 s42 s43 s44 f_3 s11 s12 s13 s14 s21 s22 s23 s24 s31 s32 s33 s34 s41 s42 s43 s44 ? f_N s11 s12 s13 s14 s21 s22 s23 s24 s31 s32 s33 s34 s41 s42 s43 s44 Touchstone 2.0 s4p Upper Format [Version] 2.0 # GHZ S MA R 50 [Number of Ports] 4 [Number of Frequencies] N [Matrix Format] Upper [Network Data] f_1 s11 s12 s13 s14 s22 s23 s24 s33 s34 s44 f_2 s11 s12 s13 s14 s22 s23 s24 s33 s34 s44 f_3 s11 s12 s13 s14 s22 s23 s24 s33 s34 s44 ? f_N s11 s12 s13 s14 s22 s23 s24 s33 s34 s44 Touchstone 2.1 s4p Sparse No Symmetry [Version] 2.1 # GHZ S MA R 50 [Number of Ports] 4 [Number of Frequencies] N [Number of Transfer Functions] 16 [Sparse Matrix Mapping] 1: (1,1) 2: (1,2) 3: (1,3) 4: (1,4) 5: (2,1) 6: (2,2) 7: (2,3) 8: (2,4) 9: (3,1) 10: (3,2) 11: (3,3) 12: (3,4) 13: (4,1) 14: (4,2) 15: (4,3) 16: (4,4) [Network Data] ! n: represent a pair of numbers f_1 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: 11: 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: f_2 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: 11: 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: f_3 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: 11: 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: ? f_N 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: 11: 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: Touchstone 2.1 s4p Sparse Upper Format [Version] 2.1 # GHZ S MA R 50 [Number of Ports] 4 [Number of Frequencies] N [Number of Transfer Functions] 10 [Sparse Matrix Mapping] 1: (1,1) 2: (1,2) 3: (1,3) 4: (1,4) 5: (2,2) 6: (2,3) 7: (2,4) 8: (3,3) 9: (3,4) 10: (4,4) [Network Data] ! n: represent a pair of numbers f_1 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: f_2 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: f_3 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: ? f_N 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: Touchstone 2.1 s4p Sparse Coupled Wline [Version] 2.1 # GHZ S MA R 50 [Number of Ports] 4 [Number of Frequencies] N [Number of Transfer Functions] 4 [Sparse Matrix Mapping] 1: (1,1) (2,2) (3,3) (4,4) 2: (1,2) (2,1) (3,4) (4,3) 3: (1,3) (3,1) (2,4) (4,2) 4: (1,4) (4,1) (2,3) (3,2) [Network Data] f_1 1: 2: 3: 4: f_2 1: 2: 3: 4: f_3 1: 2: 3: 4: ? f_N 1: 2: 3: 4: Touchstone 2.1 s4p Sparse Uncoupled Wline [Version] 2.1 # GHZ S MA R 50 [Number of Ports] 4 [Number of Frequencies] N [Number of Transfer Functions] 2 [Sparse Matrix Mapping] 1: (1,1) (2,2) (3,3) (4,4) 2: (1,2) (2,1) (3,4) (4,3) [Network Data] f_1 1: 2: f_2 1: 2: f_3 1: 2: ? f_N 1: 2: Walter Katz 303.449-2308 Mobile 720.333-110 wkatz@xxxxxxxxxx www.sisoft.com