[Dr. Jones wrote:] I will repeat what I asked before. Consider an air molecule. He's merrily going around with the atmosphere, which is itself rotating with the World. God, of course, started it all spinning nicely [sic] and saw that it was "very good" [sic]. A wind springs up, due to thermal variations caused by the rate of heating of different parts of the land and sea. Suddenly our molecule collides with a wind molecule, and ends up going in a totally different direction. WHAT IS IT THAT IS GOING TO BRING OUR MOLECULE BACK INTO LINE? The Homer Simpsons might say "angular momentum," but that does not apply to a gas. They might say, "the conservation of linear momentum," but that is a misconception (as the "Laws of Physics" page tries to explain). [Gary writes:] I believe, Dr. Jones, they would say "friction". Friction with the turning earth below, possibly, for down low winds. Or friction with the atmosphere TURNING AS A WHOLE, due the fact it has had time to stabilize as Philip stated. Also, my point in the thread hasn't been addressed yet. Basically put, it was a proof question. Restated: wouldn't it afford proof of rotation or non-rotation if a spacecraft returning from, say, Mars entered the earth's atmosphere? That is, wouldn't the craft strike (if using a head on approach) either rotating or non-rotating air and thus establish the truth of the situation? BTW, thank you for your comforting words. Yes, I was battered then. Dobber down badly. I learned a lot, though, on the BA. Sincerely, Gary