see url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism
see url:
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/4/16/holdagorism-what-is-the-ideologyoftheboogaloobois
The new ideology, strategy and practices being adopted to unite the left
and right wing outsiders of US society into a cohesive whole...😉 the
new concept of uniting the diverse counterculture aimed at starving the
US government of funds and taxes so bringing in the era of no government
in a non-violent way...😉
*Agorism* is a social philosophy
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_philosophy> that advocates
creating a society in which all relations between people are voluntary
exchanges by means of counter-economics
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-economics>, engaging with aspects
of nonviolent revolution
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonviolent_revolution>. It was first
proposed by American libertarian
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_libertarian> philosopher Samuel
Edward Konkin III
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Edward_Konkin_III> (1947–2004) at
two conferences, CounterCon I in October 1974 and CounterCon II in May
1975.
Contents
* 1 Etymology <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#Etymology>
* 2 Origins <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#Origins>
* 3 Ideology <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#Ideology>
o 3.1 Counter-economics
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#Counter-economics>
+ 3.1.1 Profitable civil disobedience
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#Profitable_civil_disobedience>
+ 3.1.2 Opposition to political parties
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#Opposition_to_political_parties>
+ 3.1.3 Voluntary association
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#Voluntary_association>
o 3.2 Konkin's class theory
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#Konkin's_class_theory>
* 4 Intellectual property
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#Intellectual_property>
* 5 Literature <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#Literature>
* 6 Other media <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#Other_media>
* 7 See also <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#See_also>
* 8 References <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#References>
Etymology
The term was coined by Samuel Edward Konkin III
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Edward_Konkin_III> and comes from
the word /agora <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agora>/ (Ancient Greek
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language>: ἀγορά),
referring to an open place for assembly and market in a /polis
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polis>/ (Ancient Greek
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language>: πόλις;
city-state <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City-state>).^[1]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-Gordon-1>
Origins
According to Konkin, agorism and counter-economics
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-economics> were originally
fighting concepts forged in the revolutionary atmosphere of 1972 and
1973.^[2] <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-LastWhole-2>
Konkin credits the Austrian School
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_School> and particularly Ludwig
von Mises <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises> as the base
of economic thought leading to agorism and counter-economics.^[2]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-LastWhole-2>
In the 1960–1970s, there was an abundance of political alienation in the
United States, particularly for those in favor of libertarian
ideologies. Whereas Murray Rothbard
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murray_Rothbard> chose to create
political alliances between the Old Right
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Right_(United_States)> and the New
Left <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Left>, Robert LeFevre
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_LeFevre> and his West Coast
followers pursued a non-participatory form of civil disobedience.^[2]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-LastWhole-2>
LeFevre's anti-collaboration methods ultimately lost favor and faded
away. According to Konkin, after the creation of the Libertarian Party
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)> in
1971, the debate shifted from anarchy vs. minarchism
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minarchism> to partyarchy
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particracy> vs. agorism.^[2]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-LastWhole-2>
Ideology
The goal of agorism is the agora. The society of the open
marketplace as near to untainted by theft, assault, and fraud as can
be humanly attained is as close to a free society as can be
achieved. And a free society is the only one in which each and every
one of us can satisfy his or her subjective values without crushing
others' values by violence and coercion.
— Samuel Edward Konkin III
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Edward_Konkin_III>^[3]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-primer-3>
Konkin characterized agorism as a form of left-libertarianism
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-libertarianism>,^[4]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-inter-4> ^[5]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-5> and, generally, that
agorism is a strategic branch of left-wing market anarchism
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-wing_market_anarchism>.^[3]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-primer-3> Although this
term is non-standard usage, agorists identify as part of left-wing
politics <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-wing_politics> in the
general sense and use the term left-libertarian as defined by Roderick
T. Long <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roderick_T._Long>, i.e. as "an
integration, or I'd argue, a reintegration of libertarianism with
concerns that are traditionally thought of as being concerns of the
left. That includes concerns for worker empowerment, worry about
plutocracy, concerns about feminism and various kinds of social
equality".^[6] <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-6>
Counter-economics
Main article: Counter-economics
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-economics>
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Agorism_flag.svg>
Flag of agorism in which the pattern represents anarchy
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchism> and the colors represents the
grey <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_market> and black markets
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_market>
The concept of counter-economics
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-economics> is the most critical
element of agorism. It can be described as such:
The Counter-Economy is the sum of all non-aggressive Human Action
which is forbidden by the State. Counter-economics is the study of
the Counter-Economy and its practices. The Counter-Economy includes
the free market, the Black Market, the "underground economy," all
acts of civil and social disobedience, all acts of forbidden
association (sexual, racial, cross-religious), and anything else the
State, at any place or time, chooses to prohibit, control, regulate,
tax, or tariff. The Counter-Economy excludes all State-approved
action (the "White Market") and the Red Market (violence and theft
not approved by the State).^[7]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-7>
Profitable civil disobedience
Agorism advocates for gradual withdrawal of state support through what
Konkin described as "Profitable Civil Disobedience".^[2]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-LastWhole-2> Starving
the state of its revenue and purpose by transferring these
responsibilities over to decentralized institutions is the most feasible
way to achieve free markets according to agorism:
Rather than slowly amass votes until some critical mass would allow
state retreat (if the new statists did not change sides to protect
their new vested interests), one could commit civil disobedience
profitably, dodging taxes and regulations, having lower costs and
(potentially) greater efficiency than one's statist competitors – if
any.^[2] <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-LastWhole-2>
Opposition to political parties
Agorism does not support political engagement in the form of political
party promotion as a means to transition to a free-market anarchism
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-market_anarchism>. The methods of
the Libertarian Party
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)> are
not compatible with agorist principles. Konkin referred to these
attempts to fight for free markets through state approved channels of
operation as "partyarchy":
Partyarchy, the anti-concept of pursuing libertarian ends through
statist means, especially political parties.^[8]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-newlibman-8>
Voluntary association
As with voluntaryists, agorists typically oppose electoral voting and
political reform and instead they stress the importance of alternative
strategies outside political systems to achieve a free society. Agorists
claim that such a society could be freed more readily by employing
methods such as education <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education>,
direct action <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_action>, alternative
currencies <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_currency>,
entrepreneurship <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrepreneurship>, self
sufficiency <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self_sufficiency>, civil
disobedience <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_disobedience> and
counter-economics <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-economics>.^[8]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-newlibman-8>
Konkin's class theory
Wally Cooper developed (based on work of Konkin) a class theory which
includes entrepreneurs <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrepreneur>,
non-statist capitalists <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalist> and
statist capitalists <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_capitalism>:
Entrepreneur Non-statist capitalist Statist capitalist
Good Neutral Bad
Innovator, risk-taker, producer
The strength of a freed market Holders of capital
Not necessarily ideologically aware
"Relatively drone-like non-innovators" The primary beneficiaries of
government controls
"The main Evil in the political realm"
Konkin claimed that while agorists see these three classes differently,
anarcho-capitalists <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcho-capitalist>
tend to conflate the first and second types while "Marxoids
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxist> and cruder collectivists"
conflate all three.^[4]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-inter-4>
Intellectual property
Konkin opposed the concept of intellectual property
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_property> and wrote in an
article entitled "Copywrongs" in support of such a thesis.^[9]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-9> J. Neil Schulman
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Neil_Schulman> criticized this thesis
in "Informational Property: Logorights".^[10]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-10> Whereas Konkin was
opposed to the laws of the state in the cases of patents
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patents> and copyright
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright>, seen as creators of
monopolies and distortion, Schulman agreed with Konkin that the state
could not be a foundation for any class of rightful property yet sought
to demonstrate that exclusive ownership rights could apply to what he
ultimately termed "Media Carried Property"—created objects that exist
independent of the subjective human mind yet are not themselves made of
atoms or molecules.^[11]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-11>
Literature
Konkin's treatise /New Libertarian Manifesto
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Libertarian_Manifesto>/ was published
in 1980.^[8]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-newlibman-8>
Previously, the philosophy had been presented in J. Neil Schulman
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Neil_Schulman>'s science fiction
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_fiction> novel /Alongside Night
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alongside_Night>/ in 1979. Ayn Rand
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayn_Rand>'s example, presenting her ideas
in the form of a work of fiction in /Atlas Shrugged
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_Shrugged>/, had inspired Schulman
to do likewise. Konkin's afterword to the novel, "How Far Alongside
Night?", credited Schulman with integrating the "science of
counter-economics" with Konkin's basic economic philosophy.^[12]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-12>
Other media
J. Neil Schulman <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Neil_Schulman>
adapted /Alongside Night
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alongside_Night>/ as a feature film
released in 2014^[13]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-13> as /J. Neil
Schulman's Alongside Night The Graphic Novel/^[14]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-14> and as an
unabridged audiobook.^[15]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agorism#cite_note-15>
See also
* Alternative currency
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_currency>
* Anarcho-capitalism <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcho-capitalism>
* Counter-economics <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-economics>
* Debates within libertarianism
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debates_within_libertarianism>
* Economic activism <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_activism>
* Economic secession <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_secession>
* Expropriative anarchism
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expropriative_anarchism>
* Grey market <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_market>
* Illegalism <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illegalism>
* Individualist anarchism
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individualist_anarchism>
* Insurrectionary anarchism
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurrectionary_anarchism>
* Informal sector <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informal_sector> (or
grey economy <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_economy>)
* Issues in anarchism <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issues_in_anarchism>
* Left-libertarianism <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-libertarianism>
* Left-wing market anarchism
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-wing_market_anarchism>
* Libertarian municipalism
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_municipalism>
* Local exchange trading system
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_exchange_trading_system>
* Mutualism <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutualism_(economic_theory)>
* Nonviolent revolution
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonviolent_revolution>
* Piracy <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piracy>
* Prefigurative politics
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefigurative_politics>
* Sharing economy <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharing_economy>
* System D <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_D>
* Underground economy
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_economy> (or black market
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_market>)
