[colombiamigra] New Economic Papers, Economic of Human Mitration, 17 papers
- From: william mejia <wmejia8a@xxxxxxxxx>
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- Date: Mon, 27 May 2013 06:00:59 -0700 (PDT)
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From: Yuji Tamura <ernad@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
To: nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Sent: Monday, May 27, 2013 12:22 AM
Subject: [nep-mig] 2013-05-22, 17 papers
Final
NEP: New Economics Papers
Economics of Human Migration
Edited by: Yuji Tamura
Australian National University
Issue date: 2013-05-22
Papers: 17
Note: Access to full contents may be restricted.
NEP is sponsored by the School of Economics and Finance of Victoria University
of Wellington.
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In this issue we have:
1. Unique in the Crowd: The privacy bounds of human mobility.
de Montjoye, Yves-Alexandre
2. Eliciting Illegal migration rates through list randomization
David McKenzie; Melissa Siegel
3. Labor Market Laws and Intra-European Migration: The Role of the
State in Shaping Destination Choices
John Palmer; Mariola Pytlikova
4. The impact of MENA-to-EU migration in the context of demographic
change.
Docquier, Frédéric
5. The effects of unemployment benefits on migration in lagging regions
Jordi Jofre-Monseny (Universitat de Barcelona & Institut dEconomia de Barcelona
(IEB))
6. Does Bilateral Trust Affect International Movement of Goods and
Labor?
Spring, Eva; Grossmann, Volker
7. Globalization, Brain Drain, and Development.
Docquier, Frédéric
8. Are skilled women more migratory than skilled men ?.
Docquier, Frédéric
9. Modelling Migration and Regional Labour Markets: An Application of
the New Economic Geography Model RHOMOLO
Andries Brandsma; d’Artis Kancs; Damiaan Persyn
10. So Goes the Nation? A preliminary report on how immigration is
reshaping the identities of workers in California
Voss, Kim; Silva, Fabiana
11. The Impact of Financial Literacy Training for Migrants at
Destination
John Gibson; David McKenzie; Bilal Zia
12. Gaining from Migration : Trends and Policy Lessons in the Greater
Mekong Sub-region
World Bank
13. Do Minimum Wage Laws Affect People Who Are Not Covered? Evidence
from Documented and Undocumented, Hourly and Piece Rate Workers in U.S.
Agriculture
Anita Alves Pena
14. Skills, migration, and industrial structure in a dual economy
Emmanuel S. de Dios
15. Poverty reduction during the rural-urban transformation : the role
of the missing middle
Christiaensen, Luc; Todo, Yasuyuki
16. Migration, Taxation, and Inequality
Blanca Moreno-Dodson; Sanket Mohapatra; Dilip Ratha
17. The Financial Crisis, Oil Price Hike, the Arab Spring and Foreign
Demand for Filipino Workers
Edita A. Tan
Contents.
1. Unique in the Crowd: The privacy bounds of human mobility.
Date: 2013
By: de Montjoye, Yves-Alexandre
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ner:louvai:info:hdl:2078.1/127341&r=mig
We study fifteen months of human mobility data for one and a half million
individuals and find that human mobility traces are highly unique. In fact, in
a dataset where the location of an individual is specified hourly, and with a
spatial resolution equal to that given by the carrier's antennas, four
spatio-temporal points are enough to uniquely identify 95% of the individuals.
We coarsen the data spatially and temporally to find a formula for the
uniqueness of human mobility traces given their resolution and the available
outside information. This formula shows that the uniqueness of mobility traces
decays approximately as the 1/10 power of their resolution. Hence, even coarse
datasets provide little anonymity. These findings represent fundamental
constraints to an individual's privacy and have important implications for the
design of frameworks and institutions dedicated to protect the privacy of
individuals.
2. Eliciting Illegal migration rates through list randomization
Date: 2013-04
By: David McKenzie (World Bank, BREAD, CEPR, CREAM, and IZA)
Melissa Siegel (Maastricht Graduate School of Governance and UNU-MERIT)
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:1310&r=mig
Most migration surveys do not ask about the legal status of migrants due to
concerns about the sensitivity of this question. List randomization is a
technique that has been used in a number of other social science applications
to elicit sensitive information. We trial this technique by adding it to
surveys conducted in Ethiopia, Mexico, Morocco and the Philippines. We show
how, in principal, this can be used to both give an estimate of the overall
rate of illegal migration in the population being surveyed, as well as to
determine illegal migration rates for subgroups such as more or less educated
households. Our results suggest that there is some useful information in this
method: we find higher rates of illegal migration in countries where illegal
migration is thought to be more prevalent and households who say they have a
migrant are more likely to report having an illegal migrant. Nevertheless, some
of our other findings also suggest some possible
inconsistencies or noise in the conclusions obtained using this method, so we
suggest directions for future attempts to implement this approach in migration
surveys.
Keywords: Illegal migration; List Randomization; Item Count Method; Survey
Techniques
JEL: F22
3. Labor Market Laws and Intra-European Migration: The Role of the
State in Shaping Destination Choices
Date: 2013-05
By: John Palmer (Princeton University)
Mariola Pytlikova (Danish Institute of Governmental Research (KORA) and CReAM
London)
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:1311&r=mig
This article investigates the relationship between migrants' destination
choices and the formal labor market access afforded by multiple potential host
countries in the context of the EU's eastward enlargement. We use an index of
labor market access laws combined with data on migration from new EU member
states into the existing states of the EU and EFTA from 2004 through 2010 to
test whether (1) migrants are attracted to destinations that give them greater
formal labor market access, and (2) migration flows to any given destination
are influenced by the labor market policies of competing destinations. Our data
support both propositions: Migration between origin/destination pairs was
positively associated with the loosening of destination labor market
restrictions while negatively associated with the loosening of competing
destinations' labor market restrictions. These relationships hold even when
economic indicators, social welfare spending, and
existing immigrant stocks are modeled. By combining rich EU data with a unique
approach to evaluating competing legal regimes, the analysis helps us better
understand how law shapes migration in a multi-destination world.
4. The impact of MENA-to-EU migration in the context of demographic
change.
Date: 2012
By: Docquier, Frédéric
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ner:louvai:info:hdl:2078.1/118077&r=mig
We analyze the consequences of increasing MENA-to-EU migration on both sending
and receiving regions. Using a general equilibrium model, we find that
increasing MENA-to-EU migration generates significant changes in EU15 tax rates
and income per capita. Compared to a non-selective immigration shock, selecting
immigrants leads to a moderate reduction in tax rates, but to a greater impact
on income per capita in the EU15. Emigration, especially if high-skilled, has a
detrimental impact on MENA tax rates. Finally, the negative effects in MENA are
mitigated if the brain drain leads to side-effects or is accompanied by
increased education attainment at origin.
5. The effects of unemployment benefits on migration in lagging regions
Date: 2013
By: Jordi Jofre-Monseny (Universitat de Barcelona & Institut dEconomia de
Barcelona (IEB)) (Universitat de Barcelona)
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bar:bedcje:2013292&r=mig
Keywords: place-based policy, unemployment protection, migration, lagging
regions, mobility
JEL: J6
6. Does Bilateral Trust Affect International Movement of Goods and
Labor?
Date: 2013-05-02
By: Spring, Eva
Grossmann, Volker
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fri:fribow:fribow00442&r=mig
Trust in the citizens of a potential partner country may affect the decision to
trade with or to migrate to a foreign country. This paper employs panel data to
examine the causal impact of such bilateral trust on international trade and
migration patterns. We apply instrumental variables (IV) approaches that
capture the exogenous variance of bilateral trust separately with eight
indicators of genetic ("somatic") distance between country-pairs. These
indicators work equally well at the first stage. However, second-stage results
very much depend on the exact measure employed as instrument. Overall, we find
little evidence that bilateral trust affects international movements of goods
and labor. More generally, we highlight the potential fragility of IV
estimations even when the instruments seem plausible on theoretical grounds and
when standard statistical tests confirm their validity.
Keywords: Bilateral trust; International migration; International trade;
Instrumental variables; Somatic distance
JEL: F10
7. Globalization, Brain Drain, and Development.
Date: 2012
By: Docquier, Frédéric
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ner:louvai:info:hdl:2078.1/118272&r=mig
This paper reviews four decades of economics research on the brain drain, with
a focus on recent contributions and on development issues. We first assess the
magnitude, intensity, and determinants of the brain drain, showing that brain
drain (or high-skill) migration is becoming a dominant pattern of international
migration and a major aspect of globalization. We then use a stylized growth
model to analyze the various channels through which a brain drain affects the
sending countries and review the evidence on these channels. The recent
empirical literature shows that high-skill emigration need not deplete a
country’s human capital stock and can generate positive network externalities.
Three case studies are also considered: the African medical brain drain, the
exodus of European scientists to the United States, and the role of the Indian
diaspora in the development of India’s information technology sector. We
conclude with a discussion of the
implications of the analysis for education, immigration, and international
taxation policies in a global context.
8. Are skilled women more migratory than skilled men ?.
Date: 2012
By: Docquier, Frédéric
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ner:louvai:info:hdl:2078.1/118076&r=mig
This paper empirically studies emigration patterns of skilled males and
females. In the most relevant model accounting for interdependencies between
women and men’s decisions, we derive the gendered responses to traditional push
factors. Females and males do not respond with the same intensity to the
traditional determinants of labor mobility and gender-specific characteristics
of the population at origin. In addition, female willingness to follow their
spouse is more pronounced with respect to the male one, other things being
equal. Once such interdependencies are accounted for, our analysis reveals that
skilled women are not more internationally migratory than skilled men. We thus
reject the existence of a genetic or social gender gap in international skilled
migration.
9. Modelling Migration and Regional Labour Markets: An Application of
the New Economic Geography Model RHOMOLO
Date: 2013-03
By: Andries Brandsma (European Commission – JRC - IPTS)
d’Artis Kancs (European Commission – JRC - IPTS)
Damiaan Persyn (European Commission – JRC - IPTS)
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc80825&r=mig
The present paper describes the modelling approach of regional labour markets
taken in the newly developed dynamic spatial general equilibrium model RHOMOLO,
where the labour market equilibrium is determined by ?rms’ labour demand, a
wage-curve with unemployment, and inter-regional labour migration. The RHOMOLO
model is parameterised by estimating the key structural parameters
econometrically. In order to illustrate the potential of the proposed dynamic
spatial general equilibrium approach to inter-regionally integrated labour
markets, we carry out simulations showing the e?ects of a reduction in
ransportation cost, and assess the impact on regional labour markets. Our
results con?rm that wages and unemployment are by far the most important
channels of adjustment to macro-economic and policy shocks in the EU. In
contrast, labour migration plays a secondary role in labour market adjustments
in the EU. Our results also suggest that the relationship
between market access, labour demand and labour supply is non-linear and
spatially inter-dependent, which underlines the importance of the proposed
dynamic spatial general equilibrium approach.
Keywords: Dynamic spatial general equilibrium model, labour, migration,
unemployment, wage, RHOMOLO, DSGE, new economic geography.
JEL: C68
10. So Goes the Nation? A preliminary report on how immigration is
reshaping the identities of workers in California
Date: 2013-05-13
By: Voss, Kim
Silva, Fabiana
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:indrel:qt1js6r75p&r=mig
Keywords: Sociology, Immigration, worker identity
11. The Impact of Financial Literacy Training for Migrants at
Destination
Date: 2012-05
By: John Gibson
David McKenzie
Bilal Zia
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:12415&r=mig
Keywords: Education - Education For All Finance and Financial Sector
Development - Financial Literacy Access and Equity in Basic Education
Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Remittances Education - Primary Education
12. Gaining from Migration : Trends and Policy Lessons in the Greater
Mekong Sub-region
Date: 2012
By: World Bank
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:13248&r=mig
Keywords: Health, Nutrition and Population - Population Policies Health
Monitoring and Evaluation Banks and Banking Reform Human Migrations and
Resettlements Social Development - Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement
Communities and Human Settlements Finance and Financial Sector Development
Health Nutrition and Population
13. Do Minimum Wage Laws Affect People Who Are Not Covered? Evidence
from Documented and Undocumented, Hourly and Piece Rate Workers in U.S.
Agriculture
Date: 2013-04
By: Anita Alves Pena (Colorado State University)
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:upj:weupjo:13-194&r=mig
While a stated goal of minimum wage increases is to benefit low-income workers,
some employers are not obligated to provide at least minimum wages to all
employees. U.S. farm employers comprise one of these groups. Employees of large
farms and H2-A workers (temporary nonimmigrant workers lawfully admitted to
perform temporary or seasonal agricultural services) are protected by minimum
wage legislation, while other migrant workers (especially those who are paid
piece rate) are exempt. Furthermore, U.S. agriculture is characterized by a
large percentage of illegal migrants, and workers who are illegal may or may
not receive wages above minimum levels. This paper presents a case study,
drawing from agriculture, that examines if and how minimum wage laws affect
uncovered workers. Analysis examines wages and hours worked as functions of
federal and state minimum wages using data from a nationally and regionally
representative survey of employed farm workers.
Results suggest wage increases for both covered and uncovered workers,
greatest gains to those who are formally covered, and gains not being at the
expense of hours worked.
Keywords: minimum wage exemptions, poverty, agriculture
JEL: I32
14. Skills, migration, and industrial structure in a dual economy
Date: 2013-03
By: Emmanuel S. de Dios (School of Economics, University of the Philippines
Diliman)
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phs:dpaper:201302&r=mig
A comparative-static model describes the decline of manufacturing in the face
of rising overseas employment through a mechanism other than the Dutch Disease.
Instead it is competition for skilled labour and the relative ease in producing
skills that affect the size of the manufacturing sector, including its
employment of unskilled labour.
Keywords: deindustrialisation, manufacturing and services sector, migration,
skills
JEL: O14
15. Poverty reduction during the rural-urban transformation : the role
of the missing middle
Date: 2013-05-01
By: Christiaensen, Luc
Todo, Yasuyuki
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:6445&r=mig
As countries develop, they restructure away from agriculture and urbanize. But
structural transformation and urbanization patterns differ substantially, with
some countries fostering migration out of agriculture into rural off farm
activities and secondary towns, and others undergoing rapid agglomeration in
mega cities. Using cross-country panel data for developing countries spanning
1980-2004, the analysis in this paper finds that migration out of agriculture
into the missing middle (the rural nonfarm economy and secondary towns) yields
more inclusive growth patterns and faster poverty reduction than agglomeration
in mega cities. This suggests that patterns of urbanization deserve much more
attention when striving for faster poverty reduction.
Keywords: Rural Poverty Reduction,Achieving Shared Growth,Regional Economic
Development,ICT Applications
16. Migration, Taxation, and Inequality
Date: 2012-05
By: Blanca Moreno-Dodson
Sanket Mohapatra
Dilip Ratha
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:10038&r=mig
Keywords: Taxation and Subsidies Finance and Financial Sector Development -
Debt Markets Banks and Banking Reform Private Sector Development - Emerging
Markets Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Remittances
17. The Financial Crisis, Oil Price Hike, the Arab Spring and Foreign
Demand for Filipino Workers
Date: 2012-08
By: Edita A. Tan (School of Economics, University of the Philippines Diliman)
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phs:dpaper:201211&r=mig
The paper inquires into the impact of contemporary major world events – the
recession in the United States and Western Europe, the oil price hike, and the
Arab Spring – on the flow of overseas Filipino workers or OFWs and their
remittances. The paper finds that the recession in the West has not spread
worldwide for its share in world trade has declined significantly since the
1980s. The oil exporting countries gained from the oil price hike and there are
now many more economies that have achieved appreciable growth which they have
been able to sustain up to the present, e.g. the Asian tigers, BRICs, Botswana.
On the other hand, Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and Syria are minor employers of
Filipino workers. Expectedly, the varied economic performance of the world
economies has had differential impact on demand for migrant workers. The OFWs
have found employment in varied occupations in varied destinations with the
large majority in the Middle East and East
Asia which have not been negatively affected by the Western recession. Many
are also in service occupations that did not suffer as much decline in demand
as in other occupations. The paper provides some empirical support to these
findings.
________________________________
This nep–mig issue is ©2013 by Yuji Tamura. It is provided as is without any
express or implied warranty. It may be freely redistributed in whole or in part
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For comments please write to the director of NEP, Marco Novarese at < director
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