----- Forwarded Message ----- From: Yuji Tamura <ernad@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>To:
"nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx" <nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>Sent: Monday, December 13,
2021, 07:00:48 PM GMT-5Subject: [nep-mig] 2021-12-13, seven papers
|
| nep-mig | New Economics Papers |
| on Economics of Human Migration |
| Issue of 2021‒12‒13
seven papers chosen by
Yuji Tamura
La Trobe University
| |
- International Migration and Net Nutrition in the Late 19thand Early 20th
Centuries: Evidence from Prison Records ByScottA. Carson
- Employment and Job Perspectives for Female Refugees inGermany: Analysis
and Policy Implications from a Local Survey Study ByFabianJ. Baier;PaulJ.J.
Welfens;TobiasZander
- The Fiscal Effect of Immigration: Reducing Bias inInfluential Estimates
ByMichael A. Clemens
- Labour Mobility with Vocational Skill: Australian Demand andPacific Supply
ByChand,Satish;Clemens, Michael A.
- The Impact of International Migration on Inclusive Growth: AReview ByMr.
Dmitriy L Rozhkov;ZsokaKoczan;MagaliPinat
- Free Trade Agreements and the Movement of BusinessPeople
ByThierryMayer;HillelRapoport;Camilo Umana Dajud
- Association between Parents' Nativity Status and InfluenzaVaccination
Rates among Children ByYasenov,Vasil;Hotard,Michael;Lawrence,
Duncan;Hainmueller, Jens
- InternationalMigration and Net Nutrition in the Late 19th and Early 20th
Centuries: Evidencefrom Prison Records
| By: | ScottA. Carson |
| Abstract: | In migration studies, immigrant health is a concern
before, during, andaftermigration. This study uses a large late 19th and early
20th century data setof over 20 US prisons to assess migrant net nutrition.
Native-born individualswere taller and had the lowest BMIs. International
immigrants had lower BMIsand shorter statures. After controlling for other
characteristics, native-bornfemales had lower BMIs than men; however,
foreign-born women’s’ BMIs werehigher than domestic-born women. Females and
males with darker complexions hadgreater BMIs than their counterparts with
fairer complexions. |
| Keywords: | nineteenth century US health, immigrant health,
BMI,malnourishment |
| JEL: | I12I31 J31 J70 N31 |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_9411&r=&r=mig ;|
- Employment and JobPerspectives for Female Refugees in Germany: Analysis
and Policy Implicationsfrom a Local Survey Study
| By: | FabianJ. Baier (Europäisches Institut für Internationale
Wirtschaftsbeziehungen(EIIW));PaulJ.J. Welfens (Europäisches Institut für
InternationaleWirtschaftsbeziehungen (EIIW));TobiasZander (Europäisches
Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen(EIIW)) |
| Abstract: | Based on an analysis of a survey carried out by the
EIIW/Jobcenter Wuppertalamong female refugees, we identify significant drivers
of the prospect offinding employment and of being in employment for individuals
from thisparticular sub-group in society. The majority of survey respondents
usedGerman or Arabic as their preferred language to complete the
surveyquestionnaire of the EIIW/Jobcenter Wuppertal. Probit/ordered probit
andLogit/ordered logit regressions are used to identify the impact of a
batteryof potential influences relevant for the employment perspectives of
femalerefugees. The probit variable meant looking at those currently in
employment(coded 1) or, alternatively, those currently unemployed while the
alternativeapproach was to consider an ordered variable indicating ascending
hours workedas a measure of "more work" being undertaken. Personal skills,
demographiccharacteristics, as well as family-related characteristics plus
certain typesof knowledge/skills and competencies as well as access to digital
technologiesand social networks, respectively, are identified as being key
drivers ofemployment perspectives for female refugees. For female refugees,
access to acomputer increases the likelihood of having a job. Marriage also has
apositive indirect impact on finding a job. Female refugees with
universitydegrees do not have better chances of finding a job in Germany than
those ofthe respective control group - i.e., those without a degree. It is
found thatthe amount of years women already live in Germany is positively
andsignificantly related to the probability of finding employment, a result
whichholds across a broad framework of control variables. Concerning the
country oforigin - using specific control groups - we find weak evidence that
women fromAfrican countries find it more difficult to integrate into the job
market thanwomen from Europe who tend to find a job more easily regardless of
theirlanguage, culture, family status and education. Refugees from Syria are
alsorather difficult to integrate into the job market. |
| Keywords: | International migration, labor market, supply of labor,
immigrantworkers |
| JEL: | F22 J20J61 J82 |
| Date: | 2021–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bwu:eiiwdp:disbei308&r=&r=mig ;|
- The Fiscal Effect ofImmigration: Reducing Bias in Influential Estimates
| By: | Michael A. Clemens (Michael A. Clemens) |
| Abstract: | Immigration policy can have important net fiscal effects
that vary byimmigrants’ skill level. But mainstream methods to estimate these
effectsare problematic. Methods based on cash-flow accounting offer precision
at thecost of bias; methods based on general equilibrium modelling address bias
withlimited precision and transparency. A simple adjustment greatly reduces
biasin the most influential and precise estimates: conservatively accounting
forcapital taxes paid by the employers of immigrant labor. The adjustment
isrequired by firms’ profit-maximizing behavior, unconnected to
generalequilibrium effects. Adjusted estimates of the positive net fiscal
impact ofaverage recent U.S. immigrants rise by a factor of 3.2, with a much
shallowereducation gradient. They are positive even for an average recent
immigrantwith less than high school education, whose presence causes a
present-valuesubsidy of at least $128,000 to all other taxpayers collectively. |
| JEL: | F22 H68J61 |
| Date: | 2021–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:2134&r=&r=mig ;|
- Labour Mobility withVocational Skill: Australian Demand and Pacific Supply
| By: | Chand,Satish (University of New South Wales);Clemens, Michael
A. (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | How many immigrants with less than university education,
for a givenimmigration quota, maximise economic output? The answer is zero in
thecanonical model of the labour market, where the marginal product of
auniversity-educated immigrant is always higher. We build an alternative
modelin which national production occurs through a set of Leontief
producationfunctions that shift over time with technological change. This model
is usedto estimate that the Australian economy growing at historical rates
throughthe year 2050 will demand approximately two million migrant TVET
workers, manyof which could be supplied from the Pacific Islands. |
| Keywords: | immigration, labor, low skill, TVET, training, human
capital,growth |
| JEL: | F22 J11J24 |
| Date: | 2021–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp14848&r=&r=mig ;|
- The Impact ofInternational Migration on Inclusive Growth: A Review
| By: | Mr. Dmitriy L Rozhkov;ZsokaKoczan;MagaliPinat |
| Abstract: | International migration is an important channel of
material improvement forindividuals and their offspring. The movement of people
across countryborders, especially from less developed to richer countries, has
a substantialimpact in several dimensions. First, it affects the migrants
themselves byallowing them to achieve higher income as a result of their
higherproductivity in the destination country. It also increases the expected
incomefor their offspring. Second, it affects the destination country through
theimpact on labor markets, productivity, innovation, demographic
structure,fiscal balance, and criminality. Third, it can have a significant
impact onthe countries of origin. It may lead to loss of human capital, but it
alsocreates a flow of remittances and increases international connections in
theform of trade, FDI, and technological transfers. This paper surveys
ourunderstanding of how migration affects growth and inequality through
theimpact on migrants themselves as well as on the destination and
origincountries. |
| Keywords: | International Migration; Inequality; Economic growth;
complementarityeffect; consequences of migration; E. country case; origin
country; wage effect;Migration; Remittances; Labor markets; Wages; Income;
Global; Eastern Europe;costs of emigration; impact of migration; wage effect of
migration |
| Date: | 2021–03–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2021/088&r=&r=mig ;|
- Free TradeAgreements and the Movement of Business People
| By: | ThierryMayer;HillelRapoport;Camilo Umana Dajud |
| Abstract: | Many of the measures to contain Covid-19 severely
reduced business travel.Using provisions to ease the movement of business
visitors in tradeagreements, we show that removing barriers to the movement of
business peoplepromotes trade. To do this, we first document the increasing
complexity ofFree Trade Agreements. We then develop an algorithm that combines
machinelearning and text analysis techniques to examine the content of FTAs. We
usethe algorithm to determine which FTAs include provisions to facilitate
themovement of business people and whether those provisions are included
indispute settlement mechanisms. Using these data and accounting for the
overalldepth of FTAs, we show that provisions facilitating business travel
indeedfacilitate business travel (but not permanent migration) and,
eventually,increase bilateral trade flows. |
| Keywords: | Covid-19;Business travel;Free Trade Agreements;Machine
Learning;TextAnalysis |
| JEL: | F10F13 F14 F15 F20 |
| Date: | 2021–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cii:cepidt:2021-10&r=&r=mig ;|
- Association betweenParents' Nativity Status and Influenza Vaccination
Rates amongChildren
| By: | Yasenov,Vasil (Stanford University);Hotard,Michael (Stanford
University);Lawrence, Duncan (Stanford University);Hainmueller, Jens (Stanford
University) |
| Abstract: | Previous research has documented lower vaccination rates
among ethnic andracial minorities as well as foreign-born people, thus raising
concerns abouthealth inequities during pandemics. We analyzed influenza
vaccination ratesamong children with US-born parents and those with at least
one immigrantparent. We found that children with immigrant parents have higher
odds ofreceiving the influenza vaccination even after controlling
forsocio-demographic characteristics. |
| Keywords: | influenza vaccine, immigration, mixed-status families |
| JEL: | I12 I14I18 |
| Date: | 2021–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp14746&r=&r=mig ;|
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