----- Forwarded Message -----From: Yuji Tamura <ernad@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>To:
"nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx" <nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>Sent: Sunday, July 30, 2017,
8:07:55 PM GMT-5Subject: [nep-mig] 2017-07-30, 9 papers
|
| nep-mig | New EconomicsPapers |
| on Economics of Human Migration |
| Issue of 2017‒07‒30
nine papers chosen by
Yuji Tamura
La Trobe University
http://econpapers.repec.org/pta90
| |
- Conformism, Social Norms and theDynamics of AssimilationOlcina, Gonzalo;
Panebianco, Fabrizio;Zenou, Yves
- Understanding Cultural Persistenceand ChangePaola Giuliano; Nathan Nunn
- Measuring SocialConnectednessMichael Bailey; Ruiqing (Rachel) Cao;
TheresaKuchler; Johannes Stroebel; Arlene Wong
- Immigrant Concentration at Schooland Natives’ Achievement: Does the Type
of Migrants and NativesMatter?Bossavie, Laurent
- A Joint Hazard-Longitudinal Modelof the Timing of Migration, Immigrant
Quality, and Labor MarketAssimilationJain, Apoorva; Peter, Klara Sabirianova
- Europe’s role in North Africa:development, investment and migrationUri
Dadush; MariaDemertzis; Guntram Wolff
- Quantifying Determinants ofImmigration PreferencesHansen, Ole-Petter Moe;
Legge,Stefan
- Demographic Change and LaborMobilityMarius Bickmann
- Limits to Wage Growth:Understanding the Wage Divergence between Immigrants
andNativesJain, Apoorva; Peter, KlaraSabirianova
- Conformism, SocialNorms and the Dynamics of Assimilation
| Date: | 2017-07 |
| By: | Olcina, Gonzalo ; Panebianco, Fabrizio ; Zenou,Yves |
| We consider a model where each individual (or ethnicminority) is
embedded in a network ofrelationships and decides whether or not she wants to
be assimilated to themajority norm. Eachindividual wants her behavior to agree
with her personal ideal action or normbut also wants herbehavior to be as close
as possible to the average assimilation behavior of herpeers. We showthat there
is always convergence to a steady-state and characterize it. We alsoshow
thatdifferent assimilation norms may emerge in steady state depending on
thestructure of the network.We then consider an optimal tax/subsidy policy
which aim is to reach a certainlevel ofassimilation in the population. We
believe that our model sheds light on how thepressure frompeers, communities
and families affect the long-run assimilation decisions ofethnic minorities. |
| Keywords: | Assimilation; networks; peer pressure.; Socialnorms |
| JEL: | D83 D85 J15 Z13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:12166&r=mig ;|
- UnderstandingCultural Persistence and Change
| Date: | 2017-07 |
| By: | Paola Giuliano ; NathanNunn |
| When does culture persist and when does it change? Weexamine a
determinant that has been putforth in the anthropology literature: the
variability of the environment fromone generation tothe next. A prediction,
which emerges from a class of existing models fromevolutionaryanthropology, is
that following the customs of the previous generation isrelatively
morebeneficial in stable environments where the culture that has evolved up to
theprevious generationis more likely to be relevant for the subsequent
generation. We test thishypothesis by measuringthe variability of average
temperature across 20-year generations from500–1900. Looking acrosscountries,
ethnic groups, and the descendants of immigrants, we find thatpopulations
withancestors who lived in environments with more stability from one generation
tothe next place agreater importance in maintaining tradition today. These
populations alsoexhibit more persistencein their traditions over time. |
| JEL: | N10 Q54 Z1 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:23617&r=mig ;|
- Measuring SocialConnectedness
| Date: | 2017-07 |
| By: | Michael Bailey ; Ruiqing (Rachel) Cao ; TheresaKuchler ;
Johannes Stroebel ; ArleneWong |
| We introduce a new measure of social connectedness betweenU.S.
county-pairs, as well as betweenU.S. counties and foreign countries. Our
measure, which we call the "SocialConnectedness Index"(SCI), is based on the
number of friendship links on Facebook, the world'slargest online
socialnetworking service. Within the U.S., social connectedness is strongly
decreasingin geographicdistance between counties: for the population of the
average county, 62.8% offriends live within100 miles. The populations of
counties with more geographically dispersed socialnetworks aregenerally richer,
more educated, and have a higher life expectancy. Region-pairsthat are
moresocially connected have higher trade flows, even after controlling
forgeographic distance and thesimilarity of regions along other economic and
demographic measures. Highersocial connectednessis also associated with more
cross-county migration and patent citations. Socialconnectednessbetween U.S.
counties and foreign countries is correlated with past migrationpatterns,
withsocial connectedness decaying in the time since the primary migration wave
fromthat country.Trade with foreign countries is also strongly related to
social connectedness.These resultssuggest that the SCI captures an important
role of social networks infacilitating both economicand social interactions.
Our findings also highlight the potential for the SCIto mitigate themeasurement
challenges that pervade empirical research on the role of socialinteractions
acrossthe social sciences. |
| JEL: | D1 E0 F1 I1 J6 O3 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:23608&r=mig ;|
- ImmigrantConcentration at School and Natives’ Achievement: Does the Type
of Migrantsand Natives Matter?
| Date: | 2017-07-20 |
| By: | Bossavie, Laurent |
| Using a rich dataset of primary school students in theNetherlands, this
paper investigates thehetero- geneous effects of immigrant concentration in the
classroom on theacademic achievement ofnatives. To identify the treatment
effect, it takes advantage of some featuresof the Dutchprimary school system
and uses cohort-by-cohort deviations in immigrantconcentration withinschools.
While we report an insignificant impact of the share of immigrantclassmates
overall, weshow that effects are heterogeneous, both in the type of immigrant
classmates,and in the type ofnative students that are affected. Only immigrants
that have been living in thecountry for ashort period of time are found to
negatively impact natives’ performance. Thisnegative impact isstronger among
natives with low parental education. We also report a negativeeffect of
theconcentration of migrants with low parental education, while migrants with
highparental educationare found to have no impact. The importance of taking
into account heterogeneitycould explain themixed findings reported by previous
literature on the topic. |
| Keywords: | Immigration, education, peer effects |
| JEL: | I21J15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:80308&r=mig ;|
- A JointHazard-Longitudinal Model of the Timing of Migration, Immigrant
Quality, andLabor Market Assimilation
| Date: | 2017-07 |
| By: | Jain, Apoorva (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill) ;
Peter, Klara Sabirianova (University of North Carolina, ChapelHill) |
| This paper develops and estimates a jointhazard-longitudinal (JHL)
model of the timing ofmigration and labor market assimilation – two processes
that have been assumedto be independentin the existing literature. The JHL
model accounts for the endogenous age ofentry in estimatingthe returns to years
since migration by allowing cross-equation correlations ofrandom interceptswith
individual rates of wage assimilation. Commonly ignored sample selectionissues
due tonon-random survey attrition and missing wages are also addressed. Using
Germanhousehold panelsurveys from 1984 to 2014 and home country-level data from
1961, we find largeupward bias in theOLS-estimated average rate of wage
assimilation. Our estimates suggest thatimmigrants with lowerunobserved skills
and with a higher unobserved propensity to migrate early havea
fasterassimilation rate. |
| Keywords: | migration, jointhazard-longitudinal model, mixed
effects, random slope, individual-specific wageassimilation, unobserved skills,
survival analysis, timing of migration, maximumlikelihood, selection due to
endogenous entry, Germany |
| JEL: | J24 J31 J61 N30 C41 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp10887&r=mig ;|
- Europe’s role inNorth Africa: development, investment andmigration
| Date: | 2017-05 |
| By: | Uri Dadush ; MariaDemertzis ; Guntram Wolff |
| Africa’s population is projected to reach almost 2.5billion by 2050.
Migration from Africa to theEU is relatively stable, at around 500,000 migrants
per year, or 0.1 percent ofthe EU population,yet irregular immigration into the
EU has increased recently. Development isoften seen as the wayto reduce
migration but the development-migration nexus is complex. At lowlevels of
development,migration might increase with rising GDP per capita. This applies
to most ofsub-Saharan Africa.By contrast, North African countries are among the
continent’s more developedeconomies. Theirgeographical positions make them
natural partners for the EU. The region isdiverse but politicalinstability has
been a common feature that in recent years has hindered
economicdevelopment.Cyclical factors and deep-rooted structural weaknesses have
also contributed toweak economicperformance. Conditions for business are
relatively poor and trade barriers insome sectors haveprevented integration
either between these countries or into global valuechains. We propose fiveways
in which EU policymakers can contribute to development in North Africa andbuild
partnershipson trade, investment and migration. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ocp:ppaper:pb-bru-17/01&r=mig ;|
- QuantifyingDeterminants of Immigration Preferences
| Date: | 2017-07 |
| By: | Hansen, Ole-Petter Moe ; Legge,Stefan |
| This paper quantifies the relative importance ofdeterminants of
individual-level immigrationpreferences. We develop and estimate a new
latent-factor model using survey dataon eighteencountries from the European
Social Survey from 2014 and 2015. On ametho-dological level, weaddress several
potential problems causing biased estimates. Identifyingindividual-level
economicconcerns about immigration, worries about compositional amenities,
racism, andaltruism as driversof immigration-related preferences, the
estimation results show that racism isquantitatively themost important factor.
It is about as important as the joint effect of worriesabout the economicand
non-economic effects of immigration. Furthermore, we document that
altruismraisessignificantly the support for immigration, although it is
quantitatively lessimportant than theother factors. |
| Keywords: | Altruism,Compositional Amenities, Economic Concerns,
Immigration Preferences,Racism |
| JEL: | F22 H2 O15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:usg:econwp:2017:10&r=mig ;|
- Demographic Changeand Labor Mobility
| Date: | 2017 |
| By: | Marius Bickmann (TU Dortmund) |
| This paper provides a quantitative analysis ofintra-European migration
flows between Germany,Southern Europe and Poland along the demographic
transition. Migration movementsevolveendogenously as a reaction to changes in
relative prices induced by populationaging. Immigrationfrom Southern Europe and
Poland reduces wages in Germany slightly, butalleviates the distortionsfrom
social security significantly. This lower elasticity of wages is caused bya
large inflow ofcapital accompanying immigration which counteracts the downward
pressure onwages due to a higherlabor supply. Welfare effects of endogenous
migration flows depend crucially onthe policyscenario. If contribution rates
remain constant and the burden of adjustmentlies on benefits, thenegative wage
effect dominates leading to moderate welfare losses for futuregenerations
inGermany. On the contrary, if tax rates adjust, welfare effects are both
positiveand larger sinceimmigration serves to stabilize net wages. However,
these positive welfareeffects in Germany comeat the expense of significant
welfare losses in the sending regions. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:red:sed017:259&r=mig ;|
- Limits to WageGrowth: Understanding the Wage Divergence between Immigrants
andNatives
| Date: | 2017-07 |
| By: | Jain, Apoorva (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill) ;
Peter, Klara Sabirianova (University of North Carolina, ChapelHill) |
| This study finds evidence of wage divergence betweenimmigrants and
natives in Germany using acountry-wide household panel from 1984 to 2014. We
incorporate the possibilityof wage divergenceinto a two-period model of
economic assimilation by modeling the differences inthe efficiency ofhuman
capital production and prices per unit of human capital between immigrantsand
natives.Individual rates of wage convergence are found to be higher for
immigrants whofled warfare zones,belong to established ethnic networks, and
acquired more years of pre-migrationschooling. Using adoubly robust treatment
effect estimator and the IV method, the study finds thatthe
endogenouspost-migration education in the host country contributes
substantially toclosing the wage gapwith natives. The treatment effect is
heterogeneous, favoring immigrants who aresimilar tonatives. This paper also
addresses the commonly ignored sample selection issuedue to non-randomsurvey
attrition and employment participation. Empirical evidence favors
the"efficiency" over the"discrimination" channels of wage divergence. |
| Keywords: | migration, assimilation, divergence, wage growth, skill
prices,post-migration human capital, discrimination, doubly robust
estimator,instrumental variables, panel, Germany |
| JEL: | J15 J24 J31 J61 F22 I26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp10891&r=mig ;|
This nep-mig issue comes without anyexpress or implied warranty. You may
contact the editor by reply to thismail. General information on the NEP project
can be found at http://nep.repec.org. For comments please writeto the director ;
of NEP, Marco Novarese at < director @ nep pointrepec point org >.The
infrastructure of NEP is sponsored by the School of Economics and
Finance,Massey University, NewZealand.Use
http://lists.repec.org/mailman/options/nep-migto sign ;
off._______________________________________________
nep-mig mailing list
nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
http://lists.repec.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/nep-mig
