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From: Yuji Tamura <ernad@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>To: "nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
<nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>Sent: Saturday, June 3, 2017, 9:02:44 PM GMT-5Subject:
[nep-mig] 2017-06-04, 7 papers
|
| nep-mig | New EconomicsPapers |
| on Economics of Human Migration |
| Issue of 2017‒06‒04
seven papers chosen by
Yuji Tamura
La Trobe University
http://econpapers.repec.org/pta90
| |
- The Effect of Migration on Terror- Made at Home or Imported from
Abroad?Dreher, Axel; Gassebner,Martin; Schaudt, Paul
- Public beliefs in social mobilityand high-skilled migrationLumpe, Claudia
- Economic Consequences ofImmigration to AustriaSergej Vojtovic;
M?gdalénaTupá
- Migration of Specialists in theContext of the In-Country Migration of
RussiansMkrtchyan,Nikita; Florinskaya, Yulia
- The Labor Market Effects ofRefugee Waves: Reconciling Conflicting
ResultsMichael A.Clemens; Jennifer Hunt
- What drives the substitutabilitybetween native and foreign workers?
Evidence about the role oflanguage.Elena Gentili; Fabrizio Mazzonna
- Why are immigrants less proficientin literacy than native-born adults?OECD
- The Effect ofMigration on Terror - Made at Home or Imported fromAbroad?
| Date: | 2017-05 |
| By: | Dreher, Axel ; Gassebner, Martin ; Schaudt,Paul |
| We investigate whether the stock of foreigners residing in acountry
leads to a larger number ofterrorist attacks on that country. Our instrument
for the stock of foreignersrelies on theinteraction of two sets of variables.
Variation across host-origin-dyads resultsfrom structuralcharacteristics
between the country of origin and the host, while variation overtime makes use
ofchanges in push and pull factors between host and origin countries
resultingfrom naturaldisasters. Controlling for the levels of these variables
themselves and fixedeffects for dyadsand years, the interaction provides a
powerful and excludable instrument. Usingdata for 20 OECDhost countries and 187
countries of origin over the 1980-2010 period we showthat the probabilityof a
terrorist attack increases with a larger number of foreigners living in
acountry. However,this scale effect is not larger than the effect domestic
populations have ondomestic terror. Wefind some evidence that terror is
systematically imported from countries withlarge Muslimpopulations. A larger
number of attacks against foreigners in the host countryincreases the riskof
terror from foreigners there. We find that host country policies relating
tointegration andthe rights of foreigners are key to fight terror- stricter
policies that excludeforeignersalready living in a country increase the risk of
terror. High-skilled migrantsare associated witha significantly lower risk of
terror compared to low-skilled ones, while thereis no significantdifference
between male and female migrants. |
| Keywords: | migration; migration policy; Terrorism |
| JEL: | D74 F22 F52 P48 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:12062&r=mig ;|
- Public beliefs insocial mobility and high-skilled migration
| Date: | 2017 |
| By: | Lumpe, Claudia |
| This paper investigates how beliefs of the destinationcountry's
population in social mobility mayinfluence the location choice of high-skilled
migrants. We pool macro data fromthe IAB braindrain dataset with population
survey data from the ISSP for the period 1987-2010to identify theeffect of
public beliefs in social mobility on the share of high-skilledimmigrants
(stocks) inthe main OECD immigration countries. The empirical results suggest
thatcountries with higher"American Dream" beliefs, i.e., with stronger beliefs
that climbing the socialladder can berealized by own hard work, attracted a
higher proportion of high-skilledimmigrants over time.This pattern even holds
against the fact that existing social mobility in thesecountries isrelatively
lower. |
| Keywords: | immigration,public beliefs,socialmobility,social status |
| JEL: | F22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:rwirep:691&r=mig ;|
- EconomicConsequences of Immigration to Austria
| Date: | 2017-05 |
| By: | Sergej Vojtovic (University of Alexander Dubchek in
Trencin,Slovakia) ; M?gdaléna Tupá (University of Alexander Dubchek in
Trencin,Slovakia) |
| Austria and low unemployment rate, higher salaries, morevacancies in
comparison to the SlovakRepublic together with the system of state benefits and
geographical proximityhave causedincreased interest of Slovaks in work in the
given country. The open asylumpolitics of Austriaand Germany is attractive to
immigrants from the third-world countries. Based onthe analyses ofdevelopment
of work force emigration from the Slovak Republic and immigration toAustria,
thestudy identifies migration trends in both countries. Calculations of
migrationbenefits from thearrival of work force from the Central and East
European countries andcalculations of losses andbenefits from the migration
from the third-world countries aim at explaining thedevelopment ofeconomical,
social and demographic parameters in the country. Mathematiccalculations of
lossesand benefits from migrations for a country and society are also
introduced.These are based on thestatistical data available from Eurostat, WTO,
Statistical Office of the SlovakRepublic,Statistic Austria, Ministry of Labour,
Social Affairs and Family, World Bank,InternationalMonetary Fund and data
acquired from empirical surveys published in scientificpublications. Thestudy
uses general scientific methods of induction, deduction, scientificabstraction
andcomparison, analysis and synthesis of selected facts, phenomena and
processes.To calculate thedata acquired, statistical and mathematical methods
and calculations wereimplemented. The resultof the experiment is to create a
model approach to the evaluation of economicbenefits and lossesfrom work force
migration from the Central and East European countries and, atthe same
time,immigration from the third-world countries. It may be stated that work
forcemigration fromCentral and East Europe is beneficial for Austria. The study
also shows expenseson immigrantswhile asylum procedures are taking place
followed by expenses on theirintegration into the labormarket and society. |
| Keywords: | migration, migration management, labour migration, work
force, targetcountry, source country |
| JEL: | F22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pes:wpaper:2017:no134&r=mig ;|
- Migration ofSpecialists in the Context of the In-Country Migration
ofRussians
| Date: | 2017-03 |
| By: | Mkrtchyan, Nikita (Russian Presidential Academy of National
Economyand Public Administration (RANEPA)) ; Florinskaya, Yulia (Russian
Presidential Academy of National Economyand Public Administration (RANEPA)) |
| It is believed that the existing level of spatial mobilityin Russia is
low, which negativelyaffects the country's socio-economic development. At
different levels - federaland regional -measures are being taken to help
citizens move to other areas, but are theyeffective? During thefocus groups,
interviews with managers and migrants, we tried to study thewidespread
practices ofin-country migration, identify the main barriers to it, and
formulate measuresthat would enhancethe possibility of free movement of
citizens for a better realization ofindividual human capital. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rnp:wpaper:031714&r=mig ;|
- The Labor MarketEffects of Refugee Waves: Reconciling ConflictingResults
| Date: | 2017-05 |
| By: | Michael A. Clemens ; JenniferHunt |
| An influential strand of research has tested for the effectsof
immigration on natives’ wages andemployment using exogenous refugee supply
shocks as natural experiments. Severalstudies havereached conflicting
conclusions about the effects of noted refugee waves such asthe MarielBoatlift
in Miami and post-Soviet refugees to Israel. We show that conflictingfindings
on theeffects of the Mariel Boatlift can be explained by a sudden change in the
racecomposition of theCurrent Population Survey extracts in 1980, specific to
Miami but unrelated tothe Boatlift. Wealso show that conflicting findings on
the labor-market effects of otherimportant refugee wavescan be produced by
spurious correlation between the instrument and theendogenous
variableintroduced by applying a common divisor to both. As a whole, the
evidence fromrefugee wavesreinforces the existing consensus that the impact of
immigration on averagenative-born workers issmall, and fails to substantiate
claims of large detrimental impacts on workerswith less thanhigh school. |
| JEL: | C36 J61 R23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:23433&r=mig ;|
- What drives thesubstitutability between native and foreign workers?
Evidence about the role oflanguage.
| Date: | 2017-05 |
| By: | Elena Gentili (Istituto di Economia Politica (IdEP),
UniversitÃdella Svizzera Italiana, Switzerland.) ; Fabrizio Mazzonna (Istituto
di Economia Politica (IdEP),Università della Svizzera Italiana, Switzerland;
Munich Center for theEconomics of Aging (MEA).) |
| This paper investigates the role of language in determiningthe degree
of substitutability betweenforeign and native workers. To this end, we focus on
Switzerland, animmigration-receiving countrywith four official languages
spoken, three of which in common with borderingcountries. We modifythe model
proposed by Ottaviano and Peri (2012) to account for the linguisticbackground
of nativeand immigrant workers. We find that language plays a central role in
determiningthe elasticity ofsubstitution between foreign and native workers and
accounts for much of theirimperfectsubstitutability. These findings are robust
to a number of robustness checks,such as differentspecifications of the model
structure and the inclusion of cross-border workers.Then, we computethe total
wage change for native and foreign workers caused by new immigrationin flows.
In thelong run, the average percentage wage changes for native and foreign
workers arequite small andnot significant. |
| Keywords: | International migration,Immigrant-native
substitutability, Language |
| JEL: | J31J6 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lug:wpidep:1702&r=mig ;|
- Why are immigrantsless proficient in literacy than native-bornadults?
| Date: | 2017-05-31 |
| By: | OECD |
| Results from the Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) confirm thatmastery of
the host country’slanguage is essential if immigrants are to integrate
successfully into their newcommunities andinto the host country’s labour
market. Given these findings, host countriescould design andimplement policies
to provide language training to immigrants as soon asfeasible after theyarrive.
This is particularly important for immigrant children, who can thenattend
school withtheir native-born peers. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:eduabb:6-en&r=mig ;|
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