No surprises here. But that was not the case back during the War.
Then we were all wringing our hands for the plight of the Jews. How
could I, a boy of only ten in 1945, know that our government spoke
from both sides of its mouth? Over the years I have had the good
fortune to count many Jews among my closest friends. I can also add
that I have known some very wicked Jews, proving that they really do
belong to the same Race as do I. Al Hannacraft and Sam Israel owned
Cascade Market on Aurora Avenue(US highway 99)just down the hill from
our house. We were so poor that even the Church mice snubbed us. Al
and Sam saved all the vegetables and fruit that was too ripe to sell,
and gave mother a huge bag each time she came off the bus from work.
Kind men. Family men. Generous men. And Jewish. Al and Sam stood
me in good stead down through the years when Jews image was so
maligned. And they helped me remember that people are very different
despite being lumped under the same label.
Years later I was attending our WCB state convention when some
conversation regarding the plight of the Palestinians surfaced. The
man seated directly behind me actually snarled like a mad dog, and
snapped, "They aren't Human! They deserve to be wiped off the face of
the Earth". Normally I did not butt into other folks conversations,
but I was shocked. The man seated directly behind me was Jewish. I
turned around and said, "You sound just like the Nazis during World
War II". To this day he has never spoken to me. But I can safely say
that his hatred was so intense that he could never change.
Carl Jarvis
On 9/21/20, Miriam Vieni <miriamvieni@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
From: David Swanson via WarIsACrime.org <info@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Sent: Monday, September 21, 2020 9:01 AM
To: miriamvieni@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
Subject: WWII was not fought to save anyone from death camps
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/EaMTO4YJH-GdmEKI-UZzAaXYggv8OXcA1pGwPA9F4sGegs9eGeiLEcwaOsh0dY3CL5zAZ0ykVZKzRbW0OZ-Uy3K7ZA_xDYY_7eA1EroCMt5x6NoHegDBiWCAyefdKNrjHtENMB9PEI2-O-uvLGzMtaWAzkjlBQVVLkWM74Gtq22dImafdfg5hiF8VVm5X1jQYmGXupy4p4vGHRWJeLH_ZRaDy3Q62LRmQOVG7nbUhnfIBpUdPMY1JoSRIxamklUhTwVY3isW0yDu3H-kgs4owuZ9W12k_PQLFu6WWMyBODhSmZXIk2-MQBFPkuvCTw-vdbDkBmIM3lV0Qx3TDFPTFA/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h0/12LL-Bx3fbPyvj2WmYR8kd3-xPPtiypiHN6J5qB5nHA>
WWII was not fought to save anyone from death camps
By David Swanson, excerpted from Leaving World War II Behind
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/CMxF4nARlf6wAFa1PSfv0ifiygglG8DmT0LtMwEXLP25EmQ0NM1p6dffCbbsn96HgGL6PFD88rS1cKjQOkUoPjE7DNsjCxGeNUqE_USwLR5-06jx_WN-VwbMT-HCdg5-_CwtbkO8v825SrgN3dmpjtwzmhXngj6or-W7uWjpP5iZqcu0-UMbvwMDxwk69a7Bf7ymc7TWwCBoQlbJfpEXtRj2FS9nKP3wUuzTCBapqC_IZgOCqCm1luIITS_3CdW2Y9Flg8V_IRdKuEibdIzdBA8RD2JEnuVcRIXk00jpQ_M-dWimK3sw9SW5g36qZpoWXZX4Ebt8NfxKvaFOhqgNZw/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h2/k7zM8tQtAnGfffHrrlb6-_-rjulqKB3CjzdlEoZwbRY>
.
https://davidswanson.org/wwii-was-not-fought-to-save-anyone-from-death-camps/
If you were to listen to people justifying WWII today, and using WWII to
justify the subsequent 75 years of wars and war preparations, the first
thing you would expect to find in reading about what WWII actually was would
be a war motivated by the need to save Jews from mass murder. There would be
old photographs of posters with Uncle Sam pointing his finger, saying “I
want you to save the Jews!”
In reality, the U.S. and British governments engaged for years in massive
propaganda campaigns to build war support but never made any mention of
saving Jews.[i] And we know enough about internal governmental discussions
to know that saving Jews (or anyone else) was not a secret motivation kept
hidden from antisemitic publics (and if it had been, how democratic would
that have been in the great battle for democracy?). So, right away we’re
faced with the problem that the most popular justification for WWII wasn’t
invented until after WWII.
U.S. immigration policy, crafted largely by antisemitic eugenicists such as
Harry Laughlin — themselves sources of inspiration to Nazi eugenicists —
severely limited the admission of Jews into the United States before and
during World War II.[ii]
The policy of Nazi Germany for years was to pursue the expulsion of the
Jews, not their murder. The world’s governments held public conferences to
discuss who would accept the Jews, and those governments — for open and
shamelessly antisemitic reasons — refused to accept the Nazis’ future
victims. Hitler openly trumpeted this refusal as agreement with his bigotry
and as encouragement to escalate it.
In Évian-les-Baines, France, in July 1938, an early international effort was
made, or at least feigned, to alleviate something more common in recent
decades: a refugee crisis. The crisis was the Nazi treatment of Jews. The
representatives of 32 nations and 63 organizations, plus some 200
journalists covering the event, were well aware of the Nazis’ desire to
expel all Jews from Germany and Austria, and somewhat aware that the fate
that awaited them if not expelled was likely going to be death. The decision
of the conference was essentially to leave the Jews to their fate. (Only
Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic increased their immigration quotas.)
Australian delegate T. W. White said, without asking the native people of
Australia: “as we have no real racial problem, we are not desirous of
importing one.”[iii]
The dictator of the Dominican Republic viewed Jews as racially desirable, as
bringing whiteness to a land with many people of African descent. Land was
set aside for 100,000 Jews, but fewer than 1,000 ever arrived.[iv]
Hitler had said when the Évian Conference had been proposed: “I can only
hope and expect that the other world, which has such deep sympathy for these
criminals [Jews], will at least be generous enough to convert this sympathy
into practical aid. We, on our part, are ready to put all these criminals at
the disposal of these countries, for all I care, even on luxury ships.”[v]
Following the conference, in November of 1938, Hitler escalated his attacks
on Jews with Kristallnacht or Crystal Night — a nighttime state-organized
riot, destroying and burning Jewish shops and synagogues, during which
25,000 people were sent off to concentration camps. Speaking on January 30,
1939, Hitler claimed justification for his actions from the outcome of the
Évian Conference:
“It is a shameful spectacle to see how the whole democratic world is oozing
sympathy for the poor tormented Jewish people, but remains hard-hearted and
obdurate when it comes to aiding them — which is surely, in view of its
attitude, an obvious duty. The arguments that are brought up as excuses for
not helping them actually speak for us Germans and Italians. For this is
what they say:
“1. ‘We,’ that is the democracies, ‘are not in a position to take in the
Jews.’ Yet in these empires there are not even ten people to the square
kilometer. While Germany, with her 135 inhabitants to the square kilometer,
is supposed to have room for them!
“2. They assure us: We cannot take them unless Germany is prepared to allow
them a certain amount of capital to bring with them as immigrants.”[vi]
The problem at Évian was, sadly, not ignorance of the Nazi agenda, but
failure to prioritize preventing it. This remained a problem through the
course of the war. It was a problem found in both politicians and in the
public at large.
Five days after Crystal Night, President Franklin Roosevelt said he was
recalling the ambassador to Germany and that public opinion had been “deeply
shocked.” He did not use the word “Jews.” A reporter asked if anywhere on
earth might accept many Jews from Germany. “No,” said Roosevelt. “The time
is not ripe for that.” Another reporter asked if Roosevelt would relax
immigration restrictions for Jewish refugees. “That is not in
contemplation,” the president responded.[vii] Roosevelt refused to support
the child refugee bill in 1939, which would have allowed 20,000 Jews under
the age of 14 to enter the United States, and it never came out of
committee.[viii]
While many in the United States, as elsewhere, tried heroically to rescue
Jews from the Nazis, including by volunteering to take them in, majority
opinion was never with them.
In July 1940, Adolf Eichmann, a major planner of the holocaust, intended to
send all Jews to Madagascar, which now belonged to Germany, France having
been occupied. The ships would need to wait only until the British, which
now meant Winston Churchill, ended their blockade. That day never came.[ix]
British Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden met on March 27, 1943, in Washington,
D.C., with Rabbi Stephen Wise and Joseph M. Proskauer, a prominent attorney
and former New York State Supreme Court Justice who was then serving as
President of the American Jewish Committee. Wise and Proskauer proposed
approaching Hitler to evacuate the Jews. Eden dismissed the idea as
“fantastically impossible.”[x] But the very same day, according to the U.S.
State Department, Eden told Secretary of State Cordell Hull something
different:
“Hull raised the question of the 60 or 70 thousand Jews that are in Bulgaria
and are threatened with extermination unless we could get them out and, very
urgently, pressed Eden for an answer to the problem. Eden replied that the
whole problem of the Jews in Europe is very difficult and that we should
move very cautiously about offering to take all Jews out of a country like
Bulgaria. If we do that, then the Jews of the world will be wanting us to
make similar offers in Poland and Germany. Hitler might well take us up on
any such offer and there simply are not enough ships and means of
transportation in the world to handle them.”[xi]
Churchill agreed. “Even were we to obtain permission to withdraw all the
Jews,” he wrote in reply to one pleading letter, “transport alone presents a
problem which will be difficult of solution.” Not enough shipping and
transport? At the battle of Dunkirk, the British had evacuated nearly
340,000 men in just nine days. The U.S. Air Force had many thousands of new
planes. During even a brief armistice, the U.S. and British could have
airlifted and transported huge numbers of refugees to safety.[xii]
Not everyone was too busy fighting a war. Particularly from late 1942 on,
many in the United States and Britain demanded that something be done. On
March 23, 1943, the Archbishop of Canterbury pleaded with the House of Lords
to assist the Jews of Europe. So, the British government proposed to the
U.S. government another public conference at which to discuss what might be
done to evacuate Jews from neutral nations. But the British Foreign Office
feared that the Nazis might cooperate in such plans despite never being
asked to, writing: “There is a possibility that the Germans or their
satellites may change over from the policy of extermination to one of
extrusion, and aim as they did before the war at embarrassing other
countries by flooding them with alien immigrants.”[xiii]
The concern here was not with saving lives so much as with avoiding the
embarrassment and inconvenience of saving lives.
In the end, those left alive in the concentration camps were liberated —
though in many cases not very quickly, not as anything resembling a top
priority. Some prisoners were kept in horrible concentration camps at least
up through September of 1946. General George Patton urged that nobody should
“believe that the Displaced person is a human being, which he is not, and
this applies particularly to the Jews who are lower than animals.” President
Harry Truman admitted at that time that “we apparently treat the Jews the
same way as the Nazis did, with the sole exception that we do not kill
them.”[xiv]
Of course, even were that not an exaggeration, not killing people is a very
important exception. The United States had fascist tendencies but did not
succumb to them as Germany did. But neither was there any all-out capital-R
Resistance crusade to save those threatened by fascism — not on the part of
the U.S. government, not on the part of the U.S. mainstream.
I tell this and related stories far more thoroughly in my new book, Leaving
World War II Behind
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/CMxF4nARlf6wAFa1PSfv0ifiygglG8DmT0LtMwEXLP1g86ZNEbg-EGWrbwt4lk9qhgO1a9LXVsS5H2M7aU5_ybI14ZTsLjouUYXs2R6F9QNPm2rTJQm-LcsoDA-wEzNJu8rnhoUD7FkutFzKzYBv6DfcMU5TwOnx62Ch5PYud4u-qRIGDUyBSvANRKe9Et7p7Ots1CGk8aIyBHfkVVs24zcMmst3Gjl7E2asgKyYvGeXAW2o5I_apWZ9yQH44T5-YTxm2XGFx7KHJhrlutshtde6IXcqiJTqrUPOcnuhoucH8IqPlgN49wz-u6S_8DLJ4o2P8uMWBk7oyRpaghxHPA/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h17/Khc-iek4Tz3YIq-xF7IcNwl1BC9enIUC5DNJbe4kCZU>
.
NOTES:
[i] In fact, the British Ministry of Propaganda made a decision to avoid
mentioning Jews when discussing victims of the Nazis. See Walter Laqueuer,
The Terrible Secret: Suppression of the Truth about Hitler’s “Final
Solution.” Boston: Little, Brown, 1980, p. 91. Cited by Nicholson Baker,
Human Smoke: The Beginnings of the End of Civilization. New York: Simon &
Schuster, 2008, p. 368.
[ii] Harry Laughlin testified in 1920 to the House Committee on Immigration
and Naturalization in the United States Congress that the immigration of
Jews and Italians was damaging the genetic structure of the race. “Our
failure to sort immigrants on the basis of natural worth is a very serious
national menace,” Laughlin warned. Committee Chairman Albert Johnson
appointed Laughlin to be the committee’s Expert Eugenics Agent. Laughlin
supported the Johnson-Reed Immigration Act of 1924, which banned immigration
from Asia and curtailed immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe. This
law created quotas based on the 1890 U.S. population. Henceforth, immigrants
could not just show up at Ellis Island but would have to obtain visas at
U.S. consulates abroad. See Rachel Gur-Arie, The Embryo Project
Encyclopedia, “Harry Hamilton Laughlin (1880-1943),” December 19, 2014,
https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/harry-hamilton-laughlin-1880-1943 Also see
Andrew J. Skerritt, Tallahassee Democrat, “‘Irresistible Tide’ takes
unflinching look at America’s immigration policy | Book Review,” August 1,
2020,
https://www.tallahassee.com/story/life/2020/08/01/irresistible-tide-takes-unflinching-look-americas-immigration-policy/5550977002
This story is covered in the PBS film “American Experience: The Eugenics
Crusade,” October 16, 2018,
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/eugenics-crusade
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/atcYNHk4Eh2YdGnwBh-YDHQhkhxEwI-ghUPOcnmrMTl1z6FscUEiyzVwBfADA7gUMUf1mATsGe_nCV0rmmWodY5dVDUleHS5TynlU3NM4OiHzqw8jOASRwz8HK2y5m92XwCrU5Lpu_L2nQtuTiYP-wP51D-TcW3TSY0-kOum8UBSQMirhDYhsozXNG6rriTivcJItVdJZe7eVr5B4YmhfVpCri8TqBSfieSaehI8nWOQQgua2w-A6Um_hpUd26SOCwcXrWHABuW_u335RzkNF5kDEjdFeu62ogsElwMfl0Z_8TQtwQijwL3DUNFgSJi8xl0ovUKFhseEZX26D_cMnfmiZxSz4fOMJ8tYdpf610KWHAcMdA0e-MnMeVaSeIu0/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h20/6XhMNIjHummKBUic10UyPSpDbymnXNHcmpL0xX1Mqw8>
For how this influenced the Nazis, see Chapter 4 of Leaving World War II
Behind
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/CMxF4nARlf6wAFa1PSfv0ifiygglG8DmT0LtMwEXLP25EmQ0NM1p6dffCbbsn96HLZx0pAHoB3TNkt1aLAz7l0u5cCG2ATotfr0BoX9oFb_LgBR8tPCwBZw7YWBlyx9jWK3C0L_1urlDkOPA38p3U8nXWSxog2l5HYAR1f9ZYmg1qnhuond96Rdw66Sd0A0rt8v8VJl2Zsyg3lJxyN1N5YX1u--X9x6PrWuHoVKDUomwLL4MuybfJLIZQc4Ks5dq3pO2g6lh4RI2wwdPt556Bj-ZutwNk2rvC4qnaFGQMLiXkLsnI8tmLRokf23or68Kt951UvwBlXIiz3aTL2YBrA/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h21/UjPcI9KuqEyxCIJ_W91qAqoqZqYZoCA97a59AZMQhiM>
.
[iii] Holocaust Educational Trust, 70 Voices: Victims, Perpetrators, and
Bystanders, “As We Have No Racial Problem,” January 27, 2015,
http://www.70voices.org.uk/content/day55
[iv] Lauren Levy, Jewish Virtual Library, a Project of American-Israeli
Cooperative Enterprise, “Dominican Republic Provides Sosua as a Haven for
Jewish Refugees,”
https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/dominican-republic-as-haven-for-jewish-refugees
See also Jason Margolis, The World, “The Dominican Republic took in Jewish
refugees fleeing Hitler while 31 nations looked away,” November 9, 2018,
https://www.pri.org/stories/2018-11-09/dominican-republic-took-jewish-refugees-fleeing-hitler-while-31-nations-looked
[v] Ervin Birnbaum, “Evian: The Most Fateful Conference of All Times in
Jewish History,” Part II, http://www.acpr.org.il/nativ/0902-birnbaum-E2.pdf
[vi] Zionism and Israel – Encyclopedic Dictionary, “Evian Conference,”
http://www.zionism-israel.com/dic/Evian_conference.htm
[vii] Franklin D. Roosevelt, The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D.
Roosevelt, (New York: Russell & Russell, 1938-1950) vol. 7, pp. 597-98.
Cited by Nicholson Baker, Human Smoke: The Beginnings of the End of
Civilization. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008, p. 101.
[viii] David S. Wyman, Paper Walls: America and the Refugee Crisis,
1938-1941 (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1968), p. 97. Cited
by Nicholson Baker, Human Smoke: The Beginnings of the End of Civilization.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008, p. 116.
[ix] Christopher Browning, The Path to Genocide (New York: Cambridge
University Press, 1992), pp. 18-19. Cited by Nicholson Baker, Human Smoke:
The Beginnings of the End of Civilization. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008,
p. 233.
[x] Lucy S. Dawidowicz, “American Jews and the Holocaust,” New York Times,
April 18, 1982,
https://www.nytimes.com/1982/04/18/magazine/american-jews-and-the-holocaust.html
[xi] U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian, “Memorandum of
Conversation, by Mr. Harry L. Hopkins, Special Assistant to President
Roosevelt 55,” March 27, 1943,
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1943v03/d23
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/mw31GZsW-tYdpIw-ePlYv_49gbzZILHFnHvJ2kli1IieraXgVtnlSc5tYSBlkpLezwJZzPxQHxhha2sMG0bpAjbUCJtWPc3p1Se0HrT585kdhDPdb9MjMbWvHU3TP6NC99hDxBA7CGh_qngiwEtqPsUlXZ62ctm4EmpJ87kMOyYpTahQNTN9PYVk1_mgH_hfaCrSFSHvf4TYmggrneMSmqCXw2CbPK61BWhKpUyNEdpLpHbuZ2jNq5O9YTYCfN1j2DbHgVez3S7hlRmac9Dkz9f5lVY92oDd4iaYI5He_VcAUinOiA8W8xwA1HFO2L3d-764gpr76vJuOjInIFGp0Prevws9-qRF8gYid_JjqWXbclezdNOeIgEEe3H4m2YL/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h32/yztNEchIyu76pFO6nWjxbG6o0VIRBMAzttJxj2QvV1k>
[xii] War No More: Three Centuries of American Antiwar and Peace Writing,
edited by Lawrence Rosendwald (Library of America, 2016).
[xiii] PBS American Experience: “The Bermuda Conference,”
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/holocaust-bermuda
[xiv] Jacques R. Pauwels, The Myth of the Good War: America in the Second
World War (James Lorimer & Company Ltd. 2015, 2002) p. 36.
##
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David Swanson is an author, activist, journalist, and radio host. He is
director of WorldBeyondWar.org
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<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/EaMTO4YJH-GdmEKI-UZzAWubxzqVxA4uRDe0tO3d--yia9eGHc6UvKNGocK7H0-1rIEx1b5QdBB4dquURQOXz786_GEkPrTjIZWw0Osi7f-lsO3eT-DVkffK03S24f2HsyitDAbhlKhiiKuY4Evklkvbha-G_Rw1M0taON0KQebyOng0DBDwQ4LWtrWmzkOmtQjeWro8IhOxB22ohFgAXtdIIp2jbpPq1FFW87RCtxK1Kr1dWevRZwuAMzn2T7Za8c2E9bovhewC71dMgSdr9UGNZo0juJoP7FWLJ1kahPUUxkba9JDqbhaswC50EY_IcuPqlyD0Jn-OQwki7DzMmg/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h40/bXOJeiyZqiPjGKSubsIM_A-TbhkYpUQ06KANSOcqm_U>
include War Is A Lie
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/JSkP-FJjtBGQEoIkSl-lAbsXbeILL8SEj7Soppada0MTVSOyLoXnH6eWoBLPs6t1XcQ4V7OrbhcwLGfKMGSXYS8wUgiacseebdsKHhF9yCieApqaRGur0Q1dEA-jTUrKo4WmGZ62Sw4AClBabtd-5w3FRtaSrkexYZg7Z8o-SxIgQtrb4_u8Zbyy_6pvgOwrFqKcPpzzOBqrOGBadItgyu9cB_dTnhKY3XRA2MEBCctzW42Wqwix7B5VXqXt_2Fl9BS3YanWNJ20qw0h0AlpEJD-Qy3p1q5qL4cFkkxWWETkAGHCy85-tXLiTdy0aQ92/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h41/6IDs92mE3P2AWbvrrCzK8ywyfDwl6izOC0bE7G9-luk>
. He blogs at DavidSwanson.org
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/EaMTO4YJH-GdmEKI-UZzAVpC9pKmCyNOLulk4OQ48BlSDY7jZuos1cbcUeo4Q8EkNlipd2OTiabhQy3pTXfPs-W9g-4sWYRXP6Q1Seyw1HCfRBCp8KfUiN5_IP9g1HxNno5Zkc3dg90sUoJmesP6qmB8cRlrV6yRlNPKzMbs_Hgj0PUKcEIf3BwRGAfAe6pG5vbTf7JQ7EYPLwkQ1oV9907KA6JDTSXWrOMMPK8P1YUxUIGrv7-99LNly2QI0EdwbKMhBUNKYVEJwmo6hKMI-teqT4DZRpbmBa2GqybyjI2zhInAT7A4RnoKVE1XZQ5xEZXPAp5dwbPXLhX_-50iRQ/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h42/Jtc-0HRV5ypi57lzMxalfeYLOA8rWIbeH5kF2rLdoVA>
and WarIsACrime.org
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/JSkP-FJjtBGQEoIkSl-lAe8TQEYdjXJ_oAmBpttnX9FAWulPPAdj5gEyptpkqz8QOeW_9EHlXo2XSdGpq6X7Tl6QCpTqffeZX891P2gW3EHI2FFHV5ZqXe7am42JS2lc_hkNoqYsMlKiggST3CBfIk1t26--jO1dK-DIZNKnS9aRwECn8wodJt9GqEMPDIhaHCCJp6OldhynRBlCrlp9MdcLCx_3CaK3mswn7km86dRSUKA_v3Zzfkzai_LP9dZHfcrcWAJdiPkU8LIozbKThihIprNEl6nYuh6Gdjf-Du2V1yyEzIaVEwvNDn3tYUGK3S_q_TxiowjSUdDeDcELxg/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h43/A0P3El7repVLCI7xjoBt5i76t3iKECdpTp1gO8eMX-8>
. He hosts Talk Nation Radio
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/EaMTO4YJH-GdmEKI-UZzAfuo1t4sY8d_Zdano5gBZukQRahb7iQs9WbdK7j8WmgOmEYyAgauBbODdGUEb5SKfDL3Wisulr8LPuBQ_Vp0wjfJ0XBKAxdlbwW6HTJG-6jIeMmqM0YqtnT7JtjxSkTGzdA-KAudvPFgdGdtQFUAwxN1yf14W3SJC8GYVDn-WMTob7OU0RX3dMO85tT-XOTThloyhsDPMLX3rBKIU2_4j-UmlYiHyXDVzmLmWKmOXG6WFc8QY2wSRedMLzpN5QuV_N6NqdwlITChuw_9ruYq8-YUnHmcFflMdUBTj8wUqTT0CSijf7fvSDAXLFox5gMB7dChneG1lsfRwfKFizgGUPs/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h44/-8Obruq_lpTLJbN7uIW5C19aT-fuMXB6ZsuhKrkdglw>
. He is a 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Nobel Peace Prize Nominee. Swanson
was awarded the 2018 Peace Prize
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/EaMTO4YJH-GdmEKI-UZzAXslFdo8xFLScXkleb2kyHxqhJuEIFhM-57wYw7Pwn-QSBwoJ3RFKmxs-KUsb46_7BB_7-l2yZwLkV9v3_suLJqzdGMY5-5DQxeYZOcaW5SvIGtFf8fPABVW8cQf5t-oeoSzSWZP76O_7Egd5zgiEU-AjIO9pOPC508RmtVDdBY7FISuylGgHG21R9HP8IC-OstUY2PcViRFMum6qQtDSDq16LfxPG4isWIa5S7lesw3TvgTT2ylmWtn5QgHliXUS6_zKSoTHz0Mgy3QrOouTcXKPadab6R4KQSpHjsXq6-94B1X_DI-ZvE2A46PuFCht_dV0Pd1Ls6UYa3C5WJHt5u7aKIbo_fmlI9OYkOpJvh-/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h45/xL3F6J55mWfQicau9OqOmFREE0ZleRH7I076gQppLzM>
by the U.S. Peace Memorial Foundation. Longer bio and photos and videos
here
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/EaMTO4YJH-GdmEKI-UZzASU0R9un5_KaCyrsK067r8lyT144QrGSVsgMylVGbTBOkRcECYA7XC_q-OM8R69O8vUC1bJeNmaSo8uWkw0ySdlutSS9-vLM57JnsuRDqETntRT02KkSfgkHNt4E2oVWEcwi0r7AyY4XHYBjqcjSzKMfMu2mqRqGBxRifwtoswI11kEFhlBzW9Rw1IMSIk6XXTn1xWQBqIiOWP0DlcCbw0fEa3ZB6F5zw48WFrAUH2nHaARTr3TuODvvxfqC-RGiees2GXgnvnR3AsUTyZ1idbULxYlbKVuNhGxKxIpRxtdhQhq8VDV1wgiEnaqwSk-3FQ/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h46/e1Tud4nHMi1iKC3R017h_NDQMGillmPvbFmK92bunmM>
. Follow him on Twitter: @davidcnswanson
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/hYee4IZ6ZdaSvS-3WHR5B8nNqBwgckz9JjtmRSyjjdOxgyIet_Gc9N2zzQFyF6qNJ_ZyE2JWA0-4Y7YPcem55c5FhY39SxTZa1UyYO1yoqqoKU5p4sunpOT_I9miFncbO1kHQZ0MS16XS3YLp6DxmHX8wNNsoKh2uOnDaiUMQ1FjkTv0EIiVR14Oilvc_zjuEHwHjZNCwsz19J7bwlFiEQY_bGIcWn8VFMHSSx5xRD4Cft7gUh0Dfsc_8-pjBdvDuOabDb_dfwKYp40-Jm8gKjWxX9mZgsZADe0n1xXJb6DxUOQOvc8D7IGyOf5oKO5fQN3TKyLRfU4YYRyyKBYXqg/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h47/hsDGjuNVQfbNprn44pSVvf7mNvB0eDeyrOB0dFXVMgU>
and FaceBook
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/mRshnjzLbfRUAJcmEcvG06cAvxNMsV8OBaLzm8zBSQ6V79VE7PtQAPmSz8FZFLL_tjm1MZzWM07zOe0Vv6fvv_3p5SrMNyq7_2JH9W3-8Q6IUabYr0wfI7KXwwOIzv1rbSQWh4l1bkRv0a-2FyvoOcF9f5-NT5EufXe7vBQ9KlRPNHJbWxvH0OZVedJlnH78-ChIVm-OzPpv4zZ3HLzCojOYglUAJKGI7LCcIbYRqXSn2kmc1T5HaL16cJw9V9AgohArF2BrcZbYWV3ljFQfqWHWbzhIPQwERrtYRAmxh8oynzNjQporAEiQ6yH_QPEMMNY_z9b43FTl6gy0ArQhXuE13w5NWPeFMhHxC7RrTZqlIn-Jpec5ofht92ykz_Xk/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h48/PwMooZuJew_6Do4zEeIHisYoQ2cZgN301hGTrInESsQ>
, and sign up for: Activist alerts
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/P8Elou2Rvc0qoMPEUZrMXcOpy_XqN4R2ZGjoK-5zZnmQ7_HXMrNvN5PkQueCSOnbzf_ITJaUw5Qj-KsdJmsfjTsJgSJTkSURevoZ55ldFBuoiH2oTDaYrFjASnf15d4ElF9-dg10BVpigtavZ2iuqU8tB4FCjxGnOgPaAA9yTHKs_IVAIwWTyM-a5GsdfUPM_j-_ywtCHhzw7oy8sNMh5M1JJ8Q-Ng_2ASl_qzVpF12Y6nxypnjd0EgrIrrZquN-_X4SucLQelnYeCcZnbQUU9tdhhUZWc9_NM3v7cfbBWdm0xexF2YDq5B4HA4iEKKhwTrYacKFVDQIpr7-kHjSdg/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h49/htf7OXpRqxgsONs6zEBv4cPSxyg_ZnuAidK19iBSisI>
. Articles
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/P8Elou2Rvc0qoMPEUZrMXcOpy_XqN4R2ZGjoK-5zZnld1YSXgFUmsi_6XpEQeLeI0IjH88BYyrbBBBGC2luwcDUNZezeINo97-TB3qU-jkOu0RDJziIPqGItjOF2GkuzjDDi10kJTTtx0OafutlBhxUKE1Kjb2tBD8iv3WbE0YytDYpzpNZxBPwJKiRU4qPQ666N5G8s7jLKI6xtgm8sQGGMXWDiywr1-XX_R7Ho1nkqFJ7rKcxqx9TLtXXgs4PP46C03T55JgJKtYASHRDrikB9SEaNbq1RHbiUsed2IfhOhNlvtR-1O3voRpi49c_onuEf-sPUM42DkXqaP7osPpUmhlfUMyZ4hYyxDWVbmAG56XkCJ0Q3ZO-GhwrdXMLm/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h50/nWuEP83ZQCp3fUQPzM9ldgpXldvKGAXVdEAOHcaRytM>
. David Swanson news
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/P8Elou2Rvc0qoMPEUZrMXcOpy_XqN4R2ZGjoK-5zZnl2zHV-m6bL13KEvZnre-kHZBxLjlWa27V0ViGbZktH7YcFkvCuDCxSNkTussBkQGEIUyfZjpLhJO8bUxpfUwbbnjhxa3y0I1lJccSVMca01rckMPIpR6JZxeYu_qvOSSdArXtXLQ_ce8_VuvOq0Vd0eWjx8IM-Y4vaCdqE2idCbl6A8uYmsNid8Fcxaj9Wj05fzWigMlsuFaDkW2jnzQs6l6-IUril04mxC6jModqnDYYQpY3c_O7I6LwPz7oKQZ3h88BwfWwcsj9UWdvKVSwX9f2z0oq8y4ywYYhOi7JeJYYBQB0-RKnQ5n5JKBFPAaY/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h51/1aoHVUb5lv-XnscvXm1Xe_BbeIfjdeoOWa2M9Lno8Kg>
. World Beyond War news
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/P8Elou2Rvc0qoMPEUZrMXcOpy_XqN4R2ZGjoK-5zZnlk-TxCxBM6PzkDIBzwrc-WoGeqAmg3hZZC-MEINuCiKaaEh9tX4UuSA4Ff87pKgeevmwZGT9qD7atLYHNzGaYysmHIKsp-XOIbHOkiEPShjiyKnI2NqLK0v1hxWxProipaKnK_VuQM5wHxhfXloG0hlfhAGeIo9q3jAPZGs86QJ5xk9X5lui0h9-4QiAdc02VX4O5AfJlKDB3UqIlDYRCDWUW_zCSJjuCfESA4cARokTpw5dmnNzmFxoGjs5fxfvTEErusk2TXT4PLlcERoyYPQAhNA9mcANvclMfAFJSfy1dSGFm5ysRcRVBlkeCoA2A/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h52/0XcHpK0W3AuUiTczEVC-BSGtQVsFqeyZ4N04YOpggds>
. Charlottesville news
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/P8Elou2Rvc0qoMPEUZrMXcOpy_XqN4R2ZGjoK-5zZnlcT4il7NG0NbVNP565pLX9SdUv_YeZEnydyQ8p75Je_yqO4GDDfp3FSX1PwOjbNGVNdBlr0vmsPLqU8ctKynvvodq5RVBwvZ5iXme9gIs6MHea-SfguPuZo9pnCJsRhyiDdh6YBcwvJno9pI2mZT9y3a_tESK7IVHvGHJe_QXVN8Z-58Xk3TzZfbIRQzP54SmcmHBhLc8jj_QzHTeIK-h3jvuODrbm7351zUcywk2SlgXOfjRPweB8nNjmK0eDip0Wg-1EiPVAyG0GxtSfxaCNXIJnjMbtzjwx2TKKynwvQN6LN5c_1YN99pqiF1_pdMk/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h53/Rl1QFj7-J8wLPAA9bVwSsuWFmXPw6oUYFc3TdhPPTlY>
.
Sent via
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/O93kI8o-kT9cRvZ9zJLPP860qXFcvweDHZkUEJZuK-c/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h54/XQXBIjlbtSpQJ0X5WepWoiaC_GfJqF4ZOyRloNg8-8c>
ActionNetwork.org. To update your email address, change your name or
address, or to stop receiving emails from David Swanson, please
<https://u1584542.ct.sendgrid.net/ss/c/P8Elou2Rvc0qoMPEUZrMXcOpy_XqN4R2ZGjoK-5zZnl7NBjmTZL5F5oqdT0MFW4GYT6IkcmlrUpPUuMubN599J0yuy8eTGjnscaWXi9x6nWRhX5e5GPAhFOagUFrGapussPlv03xnojeimpBJ8fy-cLhtIGJjuM5OJczT3CispwHFwdHeywtvwjv0oYn5oIgBgmca_j8vnh7Yj_i2Ge5IUCblAFtQlD80uPjDW4tZvI/35d/heTJmnAsRI6fy_Ytr99aNg/h55/WaqDoKYTvI44OyrHv0r_BwvS077dO_Osg0GSo_81UvA>
click here.
