100,000 New York City Schoolchildren Face Airport-Style Security Screening
Daily
http://www.truthdig.com/report/item/100000_nyc_school_children_face_airport-
style_security_screening_20160112/
Posted on Jan 12, 2016
By Cecilia Reyes / ProPublica and Jenny Ye / WNYC
Shutterstock
This story was co-published by ProPublica and WNYC.
On the coldest morning New York City has seen this winter, a stream of
teenage students hit a bottleneck at the front of a Brooklyn school
building. They shed their jackets, gloves and belts, shivering as they wait
to pass through a metal detector and send their backpacks through an x-ray
machine. School safety agents stand nearby, poised to step in if the alarm
bleats.
It's an everyday occurrence for more than 100,000 middle and high school
students across the city.
On this morning, as on every school day, senior Justin Feldeo prepares to be
pulled aside for separate screening by a hand wand. Feldeo is studying to be
a firefighter and the boots he wears for class trigger the metal detectors.
Fifteen minutes after the formal start of the school day, students are still
pouring in, even later for having to go through the machines.
Almost as many New York City students run the gauntlet of x-ray machines
each day as pass through the scanners at busy Miami International Airport.
And the procedure is numbingly similar. Students must remove belts, shoes,
and sometimes bobby pins as the wait stretches as long as an hour.
A ProPublica survey found that the daily ritual is borne disproportionately
by students of color; black and Hispanic students in high school are nearly
three times more likely to walk through a metal detector than their white
counterparts.
Nearly 21 years after a fearful city installed them at the front doors of
more than 80 schools, there are growing questions about whether the security
precautions do more harm than good. Today, by ProPublica and WNYC's count,
students at more than 236 New York City schools are required to pass through
metal detectors.
"There are a lot of things that are done in the name of student safety that
don't view the students as the people who need to be protected, but view the
students as the people somebody else needs to be protected from," said Jill
Bloomberg, principal of Park Slope Collegiate, a secondary school with 423
students in grades 6 through 12. She is trying to get the scanners removed
from her building in Brooklyn.
The metal detectors were first installed in the early 1990s when crime rates
were much higher and have stayed in place even as crime in the public
schools has fallen 48 percent over the past 10 years. Crime in schools in
the last year alone has fallen 11 percent, according to the New York Police
Department.
Since 1998, only two permanent metal detectors have been removed. And their
necessity appears almost never re-evaluated: The scanners have remained
after the schools in which they were installed shut down and entirely new
schools opened in the same buildings.
And while some principals say the security measures provide a critical line
of defense at schools with particularly volatile mixes of students, few
believe more than 200 New York City schools still meet this bar.
In a report called "Security With Dignity," a task force created by New York
Mayor Bill de Blasio recommended last July that the city remove some metal
detectors. The NYPD agreed to study the issue, but has provided no timeline.
And nearly six months later, the Department of Education has yet to
publicize criteria for removing them.
A spokeswoman for the Department of Education would not comment on a plan
for removing the metal detectors. "We will continue to ensure students are
in safe environments where they can learn and succeed," said Toya Holness, a
deputy press secretary.
The recommendations have faced stiff opposition from the union which
represents the New York City school district's over 5,000 safety agents, who
are technically part of the NYPD.
"'Security with dignity,'" said Greg Floyd, the head of Teamsters Local 237.
"I don't know how you have the two in the same sentence."
Floyd said the metal detectors are working as an effective deterrent and
warned that the task force should be wary about cheering their removal. "In
this case, they better very well hope they work, because if they don't, then
they all have problems," he said.
And Floyd brushed aside the complaints that the scanners are used primarily
in schools serving low-income black and Hispanic students. Children from
those neighborhoods, he said, often require them.
"Would I say, put metal detectors in Brooklyn Tech? I would not," Floyd
said, because the students there, "some from affluent neighborhoods," are
"committed to learning, they're not committed to fighting. That's not the
case in every New York City public school, and you can't say, 'Treat the
children the same' because we don't do that."
Despite the widespread use of the scanners, the amount of contraband found
is low. In the approximately three million scans conducted in the first two
months of this school year, only a tiny number of contraband items were
discovered, according to a NYPD document obtained by ProPublica. Among the
126 possible weapons seized at schools that scan daily - some found hidden
on school grounds, others by scanners - were an unloaded handgun, 73 knives,
21 boxcutters, three BB guns and an assortment of loose bullets and razor
blades.
Some school officials believe the daily security checks actually lead to
behavior problems among the students. Until recently, Tyler Brewster was a
dean of discipline and a math teacher at the School for Democracy and
Leadership in Brooklyn, which has metal detectors. She now works at The
James Baldwin High School in Manhattan, which does not. Brewster said she
doesn't believe students at either school should be forced to go through the
scanners, and that it brands whole groups of students as untrustworthy.
"We didn't have to go through the metal detectors as teachers, and I'm no
less or more human than our students. Why do you trust me to have a bad day
and handle it the right way versus the kid having the bad day?" Brewster
said. "I wonder how much of the tone is set by having metal detectors in the
first place."
Kamaya Sanders, a student at the Secondary School for Journalism in
Brooklyn, said that she sometimes felt suspicious of her fellow students as
they stood in line to get checked.
"Sometimes you want to say your school's safe, but you have the metal
detectors, so you never know. Then let's say someone in front of you gets
stopped, then you're like, 'Oh, they may have something.' You get scared,"
Sanders said. "It does make you feel safe in a way, but sometimes it's not
worth it."
At Democracy and Leadership, Brewster said, the scanning led to daily
altercations, some of which have ended with arrests.
"There were maybe 3,000 students in my building and every single person had
to be scanned," she said. "On rainy days, the kids were gonna have to wait
in line. In some cases, they had to take their shoes off, but the floors
were wet so then there would be an argument between the safety agents about
not taking their shoes off, and then not being allowed into the building and
then that would escalate."
The dilemma of the scanners is on display at a massive brick building in the
heart of Park Slope in Brooklyn. The building, which takes up an entire city
block, once housed a single high school, John Jay, with a tumultuous
reputation. Now four new schools share the building. One of the schools,
Park Slope Collegiate, would like to remove the metal detectors, the others
don't.
Bloomberg, Collegiate's principal, said the neighborhood, which is now
filled with trendy shops and restaurants, has changed significantly and that
fights or weapons in the building are now rare.
For reasons the NYPD did not explain, the John Jay campus was not among the
school sites listed as having a metal detector, so it was unclear if any
weapons had been recovered from the building in the first two months of the
school year.
The metal detectors send a message to the students that "we don't trust you.
And even if we trusted you, we don't necessarily trust the guy behind you."
That message, she said, runs counter to what her school is trying to teach
and "it's alienating."
Bloomberg said she has been against the metal detectors since she became
principal at the school a dozen years ago. She said her colleagues, the
principals at the other schools, are worried that something could happen if
the metal detectors are removed.
"It's very hard to have a rational conversation when you're talking about
the possibility of something happening," Bloomberg said. "They make a lot of
people feel safe: it doesn't mean they make them safe and it doesn't mean
that they've considered what they give up."
The story of how New York City came to install metal detectors at middle and
high schools across the city traces to a February morning in 1992.
It wasn't even 10 a.m. before two students were shot to death at Thomas
Jefferson High School in the East New York section of Brooklyn. By the
afternoon, a third teen had died after accidentally shooting himself in his
house.
That day, everything that could have gone wrong did. Then-Mayor David
Dinkins had been scheduled to address the Jefferson students as a preventive
measure after a separate shooting at the school killed a 16-year-old boy two
months earlier. After that shooting, the school began performing security
scans on students with hand-held devices. But on the day of the mayor's
visit, principal Carol Burt-Beck called off the scans, convinced they would
send the wrong message to students. Fifteen security guards and police
officers were present in the school. That morning, gunfire erupted just a
few feet away from them.
The city was quick to respond. The Board of Education approved a $20-million
plan to install metal detectors, x-rays and electromagnetic doors at an
additional 40 schools, vastly expanding a program that had involved just 16
schools, usually large and in the most crime-ridden areas of the city.
In the years that followed, the installation of metal detectors became the
answer to every new slashing or stabbing. Twenty more schools added them in
1993, bringing the total to 81.
The rise in serious incidents at the city's schools in the 1990s ran counter
to the city's dropping crime rate. Over the 1991 school year, 3,193 weapons
were confiscated in public schools, 189 of them firearms. The following
year, violent incidents in schools rose 16 percent to 5,761.
Dinkins, up for re-election against Rudy Giuliani, who was campaigning on a
"tough on crime" platform, put police officers in all of the city's then
1,069 schools where they have remained ever since.
Over the next three years the city steadily added metal detectors to its
schools. By 2003, 88 middle schools and high schools had them. Some of these
schools have since been replaced by multiple smaller schools, yet the
scanners remain.
Thus far, none of these schools has removed the metal detectors outright and
the current plan includes a gradual reduction in use. NYPD Assistant Chief
Brian Conroy, of the School Safety Division, said the police can reduce
scanning in a school to three or two days, then even further to random
scanning.
One Bronx building, called JHS 113 Richard R. Green, that houses four middle
schools, has already reduced its scanning, so far without ill effects,
according to an assistant principal at one of the schools.
"The chancellor came to the building in the fall, and noticed it was a
pretty calm place," said Dr. Marvin Jennings, assistant principal at The
Forward School. "Kids were in classrooms. Teachers were teaching. Learning
was happening. It added to the feeling and sentiment that daily scanning was
not necessary, and could be scaled back."
The Forward School is emerging from a rocky past. Since 2012, it has been
labelled a "persistently dangerous" school by state officials and has had
four different principals in five years. But Jennings said the environment
has improved and that kids feel safer in the school even with less scanning.
The NYPD data obtained by ProPublica notes only two items found on site
during the first two months of the school year, a knife and a "tool" found
in a flowerpot outside the school.
For Jennings, what matters most is the students' mindset as they go through
the detectors.
"It won't be the first time they get scanned, it won't be the first time
that someone looks at them in a way that's less than complimentary" because
of race, gender or ethnicity, he said. "Helping them learn how to cope with
that, and seeing themselves as bigger than the opinion of another man or
woman is what I think gets them through."
One of the few school buildings that has managed to remove the scanners, the
former Eastern District High School in Brooklyn, did so by enlisting
students in the effort to quell violence. In 2006, the high school was on
its way to be shut down and replaced by three smaller schools in the same
building. The three new principals joined forces with elected local
officials, parents and persuaded the Board of Education to remove the
machines.
"We came in as wide-eyed, idealistic, newbies, and we wanted to change
things," said William Jusino, principal of Progress High School, one of the
schools that moved into the building. Eastern District, he said, used to
have such a bad reputation as a "dumping ground for difficult children and
staff" that local shops would close down when school got out only to reopen
later. "We wanted to make sure that we avoided that," Jusino said. "That we
didn't grow into that type of situation."
Jusino and the other principals took a stance that the metal detectors had
to go even though everyone was "never 100 percent sure it was a good idea."
District officials gave the new schools their chance to rethink school
safety.
For the first two years, Jusino recalled, students were reminded on a daily
basis: They were being trusted to not bring in weapons into the schools.
"We've been on high alert ever since," Jusino said, "You've gotta make sure
that there isn't a serious incident, god forbid, and how could you make
sure? How could you guarantee that? You really can't. What you could do is
invest in your children."
The most serious challenge to the scanner-less approach came last January
when two Progress High School students were shot in connection with gang
activity a few blocks from the school. Deans ushered kids inside and pop-up
metal detectors were stationed in the building.
"Folks were genuinely afraid and anxious, and I understood it. I'm anxious
every day," Jusino said, recalling a emergency staff meeting at which
several faculty members expressed their desire to have metal detectors back.
"But the answer is not the machines, the answer's the relationships. The
answer's giving kids options in the school."
"Weapons will get into the building without metal detectors. Weapons will
get into a building with metal detectors," Jusino said. "The idea is 'What
do you do. What programs do you do. What's the trust and values you have in
your school.'"
ProPublica is a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative newsroom.
http://www.truthdig.com/ http://www.truthdig.com/
100,000 New York City Schoolchildren Face Airport-Style Security Screening
Daily
http://www.truthdig.com/report/item/100000_nyc_school_children_face_airport-
style_security_screening_20160112/
Posted on Jan 12, 2016
By Cecilia Reyes / ProPublica and Jenny Ye / WNYC
Shutterstock
This story was co-published by ProPublica and WNYC.
On the coldest morning New York City has seen this winter, a stream of
teenage students hit a bottleneck at the front of a Brooklyn school
building. They shed their jackets, gloves and belts, shivering as they wait
to pass through a metal detector and send their backpacks through an x-ray
machine. School safety agents stand nearby, poised to step in if the alarm
bleats.
It's an everyday occurrence for more than 100,000 middle and high school
students across the city.
On this morning, as on every school day, senior Justin Feldeo prepares to be
pulled aside for separate screening by a hand wand. Feldeo is studying to be
a firefighter and the boots he wears for class trigger the metal detectors.
Fifteen minutes after the formal start of the school day, students are still
pouring in, even later for having to go through the machines.
Almost as many New York City students run the gauntlet of x-ray machines
each day as pass through the scanners at busy Miami International Airport.
And the procedure is numbingly similar. Students must remove belts, shoes,
and sometimes bobby pins as the wait stretches as long as an hour.
A ProPublica survey found that the daily ritual is borne disproportionately
by students of color; black and Hispanic students in high school are nearly
three times more likely to walk through a metal detector than their white
counterparts.
Nearly 21 years after a fearful city installed them at the front doors of
more than 80 schools, there are growing questions about whether the security
precautions do more harm than good. Today, by ProPublica and WNYC's count,
students at more than 236 New York City schools are required to pass through
metal detectors.
"There are a lot of things that are done in the name of student safety that
don't view the students as the people who need to be protected, but view the
students as the people somebody else needs to be protected from," said Jill
Bloomberg, principal of Park Slope Collegiate, a secondary school with 423
students in grades 6 through 12. She is trying to get the scanners removed
from her building in Brooklyn.
The metal detectors were first installed in the early 1990s when crime rates
were much higher and have stayed in place even as crime in the public
schools has fallen 48 percent over the past 10 years. Crime in schools in
the last year alone has fallen 11 percent, according to the New York Police
Department.
Since 1998, only two permanent metal detectors have been removed. And their
necessity appears almost never re-evaluated: The scanners have remained
after the schools in which they were installed shut down and entirely new
schools opened in the same buildings.
And while some principals say the security measures provide a critical line
of defense at schools with particularly volatile mixes of students, few
believe more than 200 New York City schools still meet this bar.
In a report called "Security With Dignity," a task force created by New York
Mayor Bill de Blasio recommended last July that the city remove some metal
detectors. The NYPD agreed to study the issue, but has provided no timeline.
And nearly six months later, the Department of Education has yet to
publicize criteria for removing them.
A spokeswoman for the Department of Education would not comment on a plan
for removing the metal detectors. "We will continue to ensure students are
in safe environments where they can learn and succeed," said Toya Holness, a
deputy press secretary.
The recommendations have faced stiff opposition from the union which
represents the New York City school district's over 5,000 safety agents, who
are technically part of the NYPD.
"'Security with dignity,'" said Greg Floyd, the head of Teamsters Local 237.
"I don't know how you have the two in the same sentence."
Floyd said the metal detectors are working as an effective deterrent and
warned that the task force should be wary about cheering their removal. "In
this case, they better very well hope they work, because if they don't, then
they all have problems," he said.
And Floyd brushed aside the complaints that the scanners are used primarily
in schools serving low-income black and Hispanic students. Children from
those neighborhoods, he said, often require them.
"Would I say, put metal detectors in Brooklyn Tech? I would not," Floyd
said, because the students there, "some from affluent neighborhoods," are
"committed to learning, they're not committed to fighting. That's not the
case in every New York City public school, and you can't say, 'Treat the
children the same' because we don't do that."
Despite the widespread use of the scanners, the amount of contraband found
is low. In the approximately three million scans conducted in the first two
months of this school year, only a tiny number of contraband items were
discovered, according to a NYPD document obtained by ProPublica. Among the
126 possible weapons seized at schools that scan daily - some found hidden
on school grounds, others by scanners - were an unloaded handgun, 73 knives,
21 boxcutters, three BB guns and an assortment of loose bullets and razor
blades.
Some school officials believe the daily security checks actually lead to
behavior problems among the students. Until recently, Tyler Brewster was a
dean of discipline and a math teacher at the School for Democracy and
Leadership in Brooklyn, which has metal detectors. She now works at The
James Baldwin High School in Manhattan, which does not. Brewster said she
doesn't believe students at either school should be forced to go through the
scanners, and that it brands whole groups of students as untrustworthy.
"We didn't have to go through the metal detectors as teachers, and I'm no
less or more human than our students. Why do you trust me to have a bad day
and handle it the right way versus the kid having the bad day?" Brewster
said. "I wonder how much of the tone is set by having metal detectors in the
first place."
Kamaya Sanders, a student at the Secondary School for Journalism in
Brooklyn, said that she sometimes felt suspicious of her fellow students as
they stood in line to get checked.
"Sometimes you want to say your school's safe, but you have the metal
detectors, so you never know. Then let's say someone in front of you gets
stopped, then you're like, 'Oh, they may have something.' You get scared,"
Sanders said. "It does make you feel safe in a way, but sometimes it's not
worth it."
At Democracy and Leadership, Brewster said, the scanning led to daily
altercations, some of which have ended with arrests.
"There were maybe 3,000 students in my building and every single person had
to be scanned," she said. "On rainy days, the kids were gonna have to wait
in line. In some cases, they had to take their shoes off, but the floors
were wet so then there would be an argument between the safety agents about
not taking their shoes off, and then not being allowed into the building and
then that would escalate."
The dilemma of the scanners is on display at a massive brick building in the
heart of Park Slope in Brooklyn. The building, which takes up an entire city
block, once housed a single high school, John Jay, with a tumultuous
reputation. Now four new schools share the building. One of the schools,
Park Slope Collegiate, would like to remove the metal detectors, the others
don't.
Bloomberg, Collegiate's principal, said the neighborhood, which is now
filled with trendy shops and restaurants, has changed significantly and that
fights or weapons in the building are now rare.
For reasons the NYPD did not explain, the John Jay campus was not among the
school sites listed as having a metal detector, so it was unclear if any
weapons had been recovered from the building in the first two months of the
school year.
The metal detectors send a message to the students that "we don't trust you.
And even if we trusted you, we don't necessarily trust the guy behind you."
That message, she said, runs counter to what her school is trying to teach
and "it's alienating."
Bloomberg said she has been against the metal detectors since she became
principal at the school a dozen years ago. She said her colleagues, the
principals at the other schools, are worried that something could happen if
the metal detectors are removed.
"It's very hard to have a rational conversation when you're talking about
the possibility of something happening," Bloomberg said. "They make a lot of
people feel safe: it doesn't mean they make them safe and it doesn't mean
that they've considered what they give up."
The story of how New York City came to install metal detectors at middle and
high schools across the city traces to a February morning in 1992.
It wasn't even 10 a.m. before two students were shot to death at Thomas
Jefferson High School in the East New York section of Brooklyn. By the
afternoon, a third teen had died after accidentally shooting himself in his
house.
That day, everything that could have gone wrong did. Then-Mayor David
Dinkins had been scheduled to address the Jefferson students as a preventive
measure after a separate shooting at the school killed a 16-year-old boy two
months earlier. After that shooting, the school began performing security
scans on students with hand-held devices. But on the day of the mayor's
visit, principal Carol Burt-Beck called off the scans, convinced they would
send the wrong message to students. Fifteen security guards and police
officers were present in the school. That morning, gunfire erupted just a
few feet away from them.
The city was quick to respond. The Board of Education approved a $20-million
plan to install metal detectors, x-rays and electromagnetic doors at an
additional 40 schools, vastly expanding a program that had involved just 16
schools, usually large and in the most crime-ridden areas of the city.
In the years that followed, the installation of metal detectors became the
answer to every new slashing or stabbing. Twenty more schools added them in
1993, bringing the total to 81.
The rise in serious incidents at the city's schools in the 1990s ran counter
to the city's dropping crime rate. Over the 1991 school year, 3,193 weapons
were confiscated in public schools, 189 of them firearms. The following
year, violent incidents in schools rose 16 percent to 5,761.
Dinkins, up for re-election against Rudy Giuliani, who was campaigning on a
"tough on crime" platform, put police officers in all of the city's then
1,069 schools where they have remained ever since.
Over the next three years the city steadily added metal detectors to its
schools. By 2003, 88 middle schools and high schools had them. Some of these
schools have since been replaced by multiple smaller schools, yet the
scanners remain.
Thus far, none of these schools has removed the metal detectors outright and
the current plan includes a gradual reduction in use. NYPD Assistant Chief
Brian Conroy, of the School Safety Division, said the police can reduce
scanning in a school to three or two days, then even further to random
scanning.
One Bronx building, called JHS 113 Richard R. Green, that houses four middle
schools, has already reduced its scanning, so far without ill effects,
according to an assistant principal at one of the schools.
"The chancellor came to the building in the fall, and noticed it was a
pretty calm place," said Dr. Marvin Jennings, assistant principal at The
Forward School. "Kids were in classrooms. Teachers were teaching. Learning
was happening. It added to the feeling and sentiment that daily scanning was
not necessary, and could be scaled back."
The Forward School is emerging from a rocky past. Since 2012, it has been
labelled a "persistently dangerous" school by state officials and has had
four different principals in five years. But Jennings said the environment
has improved and that kids feel safer in the school even with less scanning.
The NYPD data obtained by ProPublica notes only two items found on site
during the first two months of the school year, a knife and a "tool" found
in a flowerpot outside the school.
For Jennings, what matters most is the students' mindset as they go through
the detectors.
"It won't be the first time they get scanned, it won't be the first time
that someone looks at them in a way that's less than complimentary" because
of race, gender or ethnicity, he said. "Helping them learn how to cope with
that, and seeing themselves as bigger than the opinion of another man or
woman is what I think gets them through."
One of the few school buildings that has managed to remove the scanners, the
former Eastern District High School in Brooklyn, did so by enlisting
students in the effort to quell violence. In 2006, the high school was on
its way to be shut down and replaced by three smaller schools in the same
building. The three new principals joined forces with elected local
officials, parents and persuaded the Board of Education to remove the
machines.
"We came in as wide-eyed, idealistic, newbies, and we wanted to change
things," said William Jusino, principal of Progress High School, one of the
schools that moved into the building. Eastern District, he said, used to
have such a bad reputation as a "dumping ground for difficult children and
staff" that local shops would close down when school got out only to reopen
later. "We wanted to make sure that we avoided that," Jusino said. "That we
didn't grow into that type of situation."
Jusino and the other principals took a stance that the metal detectors had
to go even though everyone was "never 100 percent sure it was a good idea."
District officials gave the new schools their chance to rethink school
safety.
For the first two years, Jusino recalled, students were reminded on a daily
basis: They were being trusted to not bring in weapons into the schools.
"We've been on high alert ever since," Jusino said, "You've gotta make sure
that there isn't a serious incident, god forbid, and how could you make
sure? How could you guarantee that? You really can't. What you could do is
invest in your children."
The most serious challenge to the scanner-less approach came last January
when two Progress High School students were shot in connection with gang
activity a few blocks from the school. Deans ushered kids inside and pop-up
metal detectors were stationed in the building.
"Folks were genuinely afraid and anxious, and I understood it. I'm anxious
every day," Jusino said, recalling a emergency staff meeting at which
several faculty members expressed their desire to have metal detectors back.
"But the answer is not the machines, the answer's the relationships. The
answer's giving kids options in the school."
"Weapons will get into the building without metal detectors. Weapons will
get into a building with metal detectors," Jusino said. "The idea is 'What
do you do. What programs do you do. What's the trust and values you have in
your school.'"
ProPublica is a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative newsroom.
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http://www.truthdig.com/connect
