I was of the understanding that the packaged version was similar to D-76d but contained half the amounts of borax and boric acid. There are many ways to create the necessary buffer, the use of Kodalk would just require more boric acid. -----Original Message----- From: pure-silver-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:pure-silver-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of titrisol Sent: Monday, November 28, 2005 3:57 PM To: pure-silver@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: [pure-silver] Re: D-76 and variations I always thought packaged D76 used Metaborate (Kodalk) to keep the buffering power --- "Koch, Gerald" <gkoch02@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > D-76 is very poorly buffered thus even a small amount of oxidation is > enough to raise the pH significantly. There is a variant > which contains > sodium carbonate and sodium metabisulfite which creates a > carbonate/bicarbonate buffer. > > Packaged D-76 probably contains some sequestering agent which would > help preserve it. During the oxidation of hydroquinone, > hydroquinone > monosulfonate ion is produced. This is also a developing > agent although > it is not as active as hydroquinone itself. Potassium > hydroquinone > monosulfonate is Kodak's Balanced Developing Agent which > sometimes > appears in their formulas. > > Sodium carbonate solutions will absorb CO2 from the air to form > bicarbonate ion. But not enough to effect paper developers. > > -----Original Message----- > From: pure-silver-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx > [mailto:pure-silver-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of John Black > Sent: Monday, November 28, 2005 1:26 PM > To: pure-silver@xxxxxxxxxxxxx > Subject: [pure-silver] Re: D-76 and variations > > > > > > The problem with the rise in pH of D-76 with time is due to the > oxidation of hydroquinone. This is a fairly complex reaction > in which > OH- ions are produced. It has nothing to due with either > carbonates or > borax. > > > Oh.... other than buffering it, what was done about the pH problem > with storage? If hydroquinone oxidizes, is it still > photographically active? > I could have sworn that there was an old formula or variation > of D76 > that had carbonate in it. > > Pure Na carbonate solutions are quite alkaline but not of a long term > pH stability. There seems to be an interaction between CO2 in the > air and > carbonate ion, or so I've been told. In paper developers that > use > carbonate, a rise in pH is not noticeable activitywise. > > JB > > > > ======================================================================== > ===================================== > To unsubscribe from this list, go to www.freelists.org and logon to > your account (the same e-mail address and password you set-up when > you > subscribed,) and unsubscribe from there. > ======================================================================== ====================================To > unsubscribe from this list, go to www.freelists.org and logon to your > account (the same e-mail address and password you set-up when you > subscribed,) and unsubscribe from there. > __________________________________ Yahoo! Music Unlimited Access over 1 million songs. Try it free. http://music.yahoo.com/unlimited/ ======================================================================== ===================================== To unsubscribe from this list, go to www.freelists.org and logon to your account (the same e-mail address and password you set-up when you subscribed,) and unsubscribe from there. ============================================================================================================To unsubscribe from this list, go to www.freelists.org and logon to your account (the same e-mail address and password you set-up when you subscribed,) and unsubscribe from there.