The file, itself, is saved in the proper encoding format (as UTF-8 no BOM) so yes you reduce the need for NCR, or declaring in the Doctype Declaration, and accept we are using "modern browsers". I was just asking about UTF-8, since some of the current "View Online" and downloadable books are ISO-8859-1 for the 'charset statement' and the two methods differ - hence why I asked. As for the spoken text I haven't really looked into the current books markup. ~~~~~~ Manage your subscription at //www.freelists.org/list/projectaon