[net-gold] INDOOR GARDENING : GARDENING : COUNTRIES: GREAT BRITAIN: How Does Urban Growth Affect The Availability Of Green Space In Cities?
- From: "David P. Dillard" <jwne@xxxxxxxxxx>
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- Date: Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:24:54 -0400 (EDT)
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INDOOR GARDENING :
GARDENING :
COUNTRIES: GREAT BRITAIN:
How Does Urban Growth Affect The Availability Of Green Space In Cities?
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How Does Urban Growth Affect The Availability Of Green Space In Cities?
By Caitlin Kight
September 16th 2011 04:36 AM
http://www.science20.com/anthrophysis/
how_does_urban_growth_affect_availability_green_space_cities-82688
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A shorter URL for the above link:
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http://tinyurl.com/3mljkcq
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Over the course of 2011, there have been several reports on urbanization,
densification, ecosystem function, and/or the preservation of nature. The
prominence of these topics (or, rather, meta-topic, since they are so
closely linked) this year reflects our struggle to find space for an
ever-growing human population while maintaining natural habitats that not
only perform valuable services--providing crops, keeping flood waters at
bay, etc.--but also simply make us happy.
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This week, a new study joins the fray, and, if you are a lover of green
spaces, its findings are depressing. It reports that, across the 13
largest cities in the UK, the total area devoted to green habitat has
declined since 2000, when the national policy shifted to encourage urban
development in areas such as gardens, parks, and allotments. These and
other "brownfield sites"--abandoned and underused facilities considered
available for re-use--were seen as alternatives to expansion into the
wider countryside; in other words, the government promoted densification,
at the expense of green space, over sprawl.
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The research was conducted by collaborators from the University of
Sheffield, Peking University, and the University of Kent, who used a
combination of different satellite imagery techniques to evaluate temporal
changes between 1991 and 2008 in the extent of developed and undeveloped
areas in Bournemouth, Portsmouth, Brighton, Bristol, London, Birmingham,
Leicester, Nottingham, Sheffield, Liverpool, Manchester, Leeds, and
Newcastle. To look for correlations between land use change and population
growth, they also used census and survey data to evaluate shifts in
population size and the number of dwellings within each of these 13 study
cities over the same time period. In addition to looking at broad changes
over time, the researchers broke their study period into two parts: before
the government-recommended shift in urbanization strategy, and after.
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Between 1991 and 2006, all but one of the study cities (Manchester)
experienced increases in the amount of green space--despite concurrent
growth of both human population numbers and the number of dwellings within
city limits. In particular, London, Birmingham, and Newcastle, saw notable
rises in proportion of green space. However, this potentially encouraging
news was swept aside by results of separate analyses on the pre- and
post-policy change periods. The bulk of positive green space changes
occurred prior to 2001, since which time urban centers have become
markedly less "natural." Nine of the 13 cities have experienced reductions
in green space since 2001, since when there have also been increases in
the numbers of dwellings per city, along with decreases in average
household size (a trend recently bemoaned by the Royal Institute of
British Architects).
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Journal Article cited in this article:
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Dallimer, M., Tang, Z., Bibby, P.R., Brindley, P., Gaston, K.J., and
Davies, Z.G.
2011
Temporal changes in greenspace in a highly urbanized
region
Biology Letters
7:763-766.
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The complete article may be read at the URL above.
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Sincerely,
David Dillard
Temple University
(215) 204 - 4584
jwne@xxxxxxxxxx
http://daviddillard.businesscard2.com
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