Andreas Ramons writes: >It's one of the odd features about language that you don't need to >form the idea first and then say it. I disagree, and Locke (who wrote "An essay concerning Humane Understanding" in 1690, Book III being relevant here: The Way of Words) would, too. His example is that of the Parrot (Grice later adapts this as a Pirot for some obscure reason). The difference between the Parrot and the Person, Locke claims is that the Parrot does as exactly what Ramos thinks is the normal procedure with Danish or English: >you don't think before you say it Odd that Ramos would use 'idea', which is _the_ Lockean term _par excellence_. Parrots cannot _say_ it (in the oratio obliqua sense of 'say), because they have _no_ idea of what they are _saying_. You can _train_ a parrot to say, "Il pleut! Il pleut!" (It rains! It rains, -- the old man is snoring, etc.) but you hardly would like to say that the parrot _said_ that it was raining. Cheers, JL J. L. Speranza, Esq. Town: Calle Arenales 2021, Piso 5, St. 8, La Recoleta C1124AAE, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Tel. 54 11 4824 4253 Fax 54 221 425 9205 Country: St. Michael Hall, Calle 58, No. 611, La Plata B1900 BPY Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Tel. 54 221 425 7817 Fax 54 221 425 9205 http://www.stmichaels.com.ar jls@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx jlsperanza@xxxxxxx http://www.netverk/~jls.htm ************************************** See what's new at http://www.aol.com