I know the last few posts on the economy seemed a bit concentrated. I spent the last couple of years following it, and it was all more or less compressed into two posts. I want to mention though, that the field of economics itself is a bogus science. It's just a measure of fossil fuel energy, although no economist will ever admit it. It's no coincidence there was no economics until the field was born with classical economics after the industrial revolution began, which is to say, the steam engine, etc., all made possible with the discovery of coal in England. Adam Smith, one of the quintessential classical economists, wrote his famous treatise Wealth of Nations in 1776. No fossil fuel powered industry, no need for economics. Before that the only energy was human and animal energy, although much was done with even that limited energy over time, the pyramids for example. When oil was discovered, the industrial revolution went into overdrive, and the consumption economy was created, literally created, people sat down and thought it up, early in the 1900's, bringing it into full swing by mid century. When economics was born, more or less with Adam Smith, it was called political economics, later to be referred to as macroeconomics. Macroeconomics at least codified how an industrial civilization works. Then along came microeconomics, the MBA's. Microeconomics was total utter nonsense, pure hocus pocus alchemy. Supposedly they were hiring physicists to program computers to figure out derivatives (oooo, derivatives), when nobody understands derivatives, not even the physicists programming the computers. Unlike quantum theory or classical mechanics, there's no there there with derivatives. Derivatives were, if not the foundation, then a large part of the financialization of the economy. They're held by banks, they're betted for and against by big money, but it all boils down to "let's assume a can opener". Even money itself. Once upon a time people put real earnings into banks. Today (and for decades really) banks, the Federal Reserve at any rate, create money out of thin air, literally, enter a number into a computer and lend it out. Banks then engage in "fractional banking", i.e., they're allowed to loan up to nine times the amount they have. In reality they were lending up to 30 (or more) times what they had in reserves. They were lending money to people who had no prayer of repayment. It was all fantasy. The mortgage bubble was all fantasy. Our economic system is all fantasy, which really makes me wonder why they don't scrap it and start over. Right. Jamie Diamond (Chase) is going admit his bank and his power are based in fantasy. I don't think so. If there was a run on his bank though, like in the 30's, that would be a different story. The bank would fold. Depression is to be avoided at all costs. Interestingly, for all our hyper power, our collective happiness quotient is very low. The limits to growth idea first came out in the 1970's, that there were limits to growth, literally, that economic growth had to be bounded by natural resources on a finite planet. That idea was attacked by, yes, economists and forced out off the radar. Why? Because without growth there is no economics and no need for economists. Sounds incredible, but it's the identical line of 'reasoning' that humans have used eternally. Live in the moment, which apparently, some say, is evolutionarily selected for since when the saber tooth tiger wasn't around there wasn't much reason to worry about it. (Presumably pessimists are the recessive genes, just kidding.) Plus the world is so big, who cares? In the long run we're all dead said Keynes. At any rate, the good news is that even though things are changing, as they did when sliding into the industrial revolution, barring a black swan event such as Fukushima, most change happens at the speed of grass growing. Most likely events will unfold as they always do, a creeping normal, and most people won't even notice. The really good news is that the artificially hyped up energy levels, while having some advantages, brought many disadvantages. Once things become less hyper-powered, life really should get much better. That may be the subject of other posts, or not, depending on interest. In the meantime, here's a song to wish you a nice fossil fuel powered day: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tnpLI2fJDfU&feature=related Andy