Having seen references to a great number of the clichés Delsol refers to, I take her meaning and in the context of Berlinski?s book, I?m sure a reader would as well, but if the concept is strange and there is no context, perhaps not. Both Berlinski and Bawer have made reference to Orwell in regard to the clichés that have become common place (as well as unexamined) in Europe. I?ve quoted the term ?tolerance? for example. It is regularly applied to the intolerant acts of militant Muslims in Europe. Apparently, few Europeans see the contradiction. Another cliché has to do with the idea of a Dutch, British, French (fill in the nation) backlash. This cliché is used to tone down accounts of Muslim depravations for ?fear of a backlash ?. In actuality, Bawer reports, there have been few examples of backlash but European leaders seem more worried, or at least speak more, about backlash than Islamic crimes. There is also the invoking of the term ?moderate Muslim? in various contexts that qualify as clichés. Various statements and assumptions are made about the ?Moderate Muslim,? but upon examination (something European politicians apparently don?t do in regard to this subject) the ?moderate Muslims? if they exist are virtually invisible. [from Bawer?s While Europe Slept, page 229] ?In 2005, according to German interior minister Otto Schily, 1 percent of his country?s Muslims were Islamist radicals; Kamal Nawash of Free Muslims against Terrorism suggested that ?as many as 50 percent of Muslims around the world support the goals of the extremists?; pollster Daniel Yankelovich estimated that about 10 percent of all Muslims are fundamentalists, with the number varying widely from country to country. Daniel Pipes put the total figure at between 10 and 15 percent ? which would mean that between 85 and 90 percent are moderates. ?Many European Muslims may themselves be moderates, yet may have a concept of religious identity that makes it difficult for them to side with infidels against even the most violent of their fellow Muslims. If this is far less of a problem with American than with European Muslims, it?s because America?s melting-pot ethos enables and encourages immigrants to think of themselves as Americans while Europe?s multicultural-mosaic model discourages newcomers from seeing themselves as British, Dutch, French, or whatever. . . . ? ?Then there?s the problem of intimidation. Many European Muslims are moderates, but dare not speak up against their more radical coreligionists for fear of exclusion from the community ? or worse. Unless something changes, they never will speak up and in the end will meekly follow those radicals into a Europe ruled by Sharia law. If that happens what?s in their hearts hardly matters: practically speaking, they?re the radicals? allies. . . .? Lawrence -----Original Message----- From: lit-ideas-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:lit-ideas-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of Robert Paul Sent: Sunday, March 12, 2006 5:04 PM To: lit-ideas@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: [lit-ideas] Re: Chantal Delsol on the European condition > ?Lacking any sense of purpose, Delsol observes, and fearful of taking a > stand ? about anything, even the essentials of self-preservation ? > Europeans instead enshroud themselves in technological and physical > comfort, leading mediocre lives, avoiding risk at all cost, and mouthing > vapid, unexamined clichés. I hadn't realized just how bad things are. Surely they can find some exciting, well-researched, fully documented ones?? It takes a particular form of genius to characterize clichés by means of clichés. When I find boiler plate language like this in something meant to inform, I think of George Orwell and move on. Robert Paul Reed College ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html