gradimire da li mozda znas zasto sistem nece da mi instalira jaws 18.
windows 7 32 bitni je sistem.
vec imam problem na kompjuteru sa jaws 16 i jaws 17 sa sapi 5. rusi se jaws
cim se prebacim na sapi 5.
sada nikako nece da mi instalira jaws 18 evo sta izbacuje:
JAWS Setup Package Error
The JAWS setup package could not install the required component RuntimeJAWS.
The process will now exit.
U redu
pozdrav
----- Original Message -----
From: Gradimir Kragic
To: Mailing lista: SliKom
Sent: Friday, October 28, 2016 9:05 AM
Subject: [slikom] JAWS 18.0 i direktni linkovi za preuzimanje
Zdravo svima,
Sa druge strane liste prosljedujem poruku sa linkovima za preuzimanje
JAWS najnovije verzije kao i tekst na Engleskom jeziku o novostima u ovoj
verziji.
32 Bit:
http://jaws18.vfo.digital/1835P25AA9/J18.0.1835.400-enu-x86.exe
64 Bit:
http://jaws18.vfo.digital/1835P25AA9/J18.0.1835.400-enu-x64.exe
JAWS 18 Features
Support for Vocalizer Expressive 2.2 Voices
JAWS 18 supports version 2.2 of the Vocalizer Expressive Voices from
Nuance.
Vocalizer Expressive offers very responsive, high quality, human-sounding
speech in a wide variety of languages and dialects. Current voices users
are
familiar with such as Samantha, Tom, Daniel, and Karen have been updated to
improve responsiveness and clarity. There are also several new voices
available such as Susan and Nathan for United States English and Oliver for
British
English, just to name a few. For international users, Vocalizer Expressive
2.2 also offers support for a number of new languages including
Bengali_India,
Bhojpuri_India, Bulgarian, Croatian, Kannada, Spanish_Chilean, Tamil,
Telugu, and Valencian.
Just like with the older Vocalizer Expressive Voices, all Vocalizer
Expressive 2.2 voices can be downloaded for free from the
Synthesizer Downloads
web page in two forms, compact or high premium.
Compact voices are smaller files and take up much less space on your
computer. Many users like them because they offer very good quality at
faster speech
rates. These are the same voices that are used on iOS devices from Apple,
like the iPhone. Due to their small size, compact voices are available in
one
file per language. For instance, if you download the compact voices for
English, you will get a single file containing all English speaking voices
for
all dialects, which gives you a wide variety of voices to choose from.
You can also choose to download individual high-premium voices. These are
much larger files, but offer the highest overall sound quality.
High-premium
voices can be installed along with the compact voices, so you can switch
between the compact or high-premium version of the same voice if needed.
The new Vocalizer Expressive 2.2 voices are only available for JAWS 18 and
later. If you previously installed Vocalizer Expressive Voices that were
used
with JAWS versions prior to JAWS 18, those voices will continue to work
with
earlier versions but will no longer be seen by JAWS 18 once you have
installed
your first Vocalizer Expressive 2.2 voice. In addition, we are anticipating
a release of MAGic 14 in the coming months which will also take advantage
of
these newer Vocalizer Expressive 2.2 voices in the same way as JAWS 18.
Improved Performance when Using JAWS and ZoomText Together
JAWS 18 introduces greatly improved interoperability with the soon to be
released ZoomText 11. Users of both these industry leading products will
experience
more seamless operation when running JAWS 18 and ZoomText 11 together
regardless of the order in which they are installed as well as which
product
is started
first.
When JAWS 18 and ZoomText 11 are running together, users should note the
following:
list of 4 items
. JAWS handles all speech functions except for ZoomText's App Reader
feature
and speech directly from ZoomText, such as ZoomText scripts.
. All ZoomText magnification features will continue to work as expected. In
addition, ZoomText will now visually highlight and track during a JAWS Say
All, or when navigating using the Virtual Cursor.
. If there is a keystroke conflict, the JAWS keystroke is used instead.
Otherwise, JAWS and ZoomText keystrokes will continue to work as expected.
. ZoomText handles all touch related functions.
list end
Since JAWS takes over all speech functions when running with ZoomText, this
also includes mouse echo. If you want the mouse to echo as it is moved, you
will need to enable mouse echo in JAWS as it is off by default. The easiest
way is to press the layered keystroke, INSERT+SPACEBAR, E, O. However, this
is only temporary and will revert back to off if JAWS is restarted. If you
intend on using mouse echo all the time, you can permanently enable it by
doing
the following:
list of 3 items
1. Press INSERT+F2, and select Settings Center.
2. Press CTRL+SHIFT+D to load the JAWS default settings.
3. From the tree view, expand the Mouse Echo group and press SPACEBAR on
Enable Mouse Echo.
list end
Migrate Settings from Prior Versions of JAWS
We have reintroduced the ability for users to merge all user customized
settings from the prior version of JAWS into the latest version. This
includes
any application and default settings, scripts, dictionary entries, graphics
labels, PlaceMarkers, flexible web rules, personalized web settings
including
custom labels, speech and sounds schemes, and voice profiles. When JAWS 18
first starts after an install and it detects that there are custom user
settings
for JAWS 17 available, you will be asked if you want to migrate these
settings to the current version of JAWS. Choose Yes to migrate settings
from
JAWS
17, or choose No to start with the default settings in JAWS 18 and launch
the Startup Wizard.
Once the settings have been migrated, a dialog box opens where you can
configure the JAWS startup options. This dialog box contains the same
options found
in the Start JAWS Options dialog box, which is accessed from the JAWS
window
by opening the Options menu, Selecting Options, and then choosing the
Automatically
Start JAWS button. Once you have confirmed how you want JAWS to start,
choose OK to save and close the dialog box.
Note: Due to significant changes to the settings file structure prior to
JAWS 17, custom user settings cannot be migrated from versions of JAWS
older
than
version 17.
Completely New Import and Export for JAWS Customized User Settings
JAWS 18 now enables you to quickly and conveniently export all of your JAWS
user settings including application and default settings, custom scripts,
dictionary
entries, graphics labels, PlaceMarkers, flexible web rules, personalized
web
settings including custom labels, speech and sounds schemes, and voice
profiles
to a single backup file which can be stored or shared with other JAWS
users.
The JAWS settings backup files are saved with an SBAK extension. This
backup
file can then be easily imported on any computer running JAWS 18 or later
and these settings will be used by that copy of JAWS.
To export settings to an SBAK file, open the Utilities menu located in the
JAWS application window, open the Import/Export menu, and select Export
Settings.
The Export Settings wizard opens and guides you through exporting your
settings. During this process, you can choose to export all user settings,
or select
specific settings to export. By default, the SBAK file is saved to the
Desktop using the name JAWS<Version Number>SettingsBackup (where Version
Number
is the JAWS version currently running when using the export feature). You
can specify a different location and file name if necessary, as well as add
optional
comments to provide more information about why you are creating the backup.
Once the export is complete, the SBAK file containing your settings can be
shared with other JAWS users through email or a file sharing service such
as
Dropbox, or stored on a USB flash drive.
To import JAWS settings from an SBAK file, open the Utilities menu located
in the JAWS application window, open the Import/Export menu, and select
Import
Settings. The Import User Settings wizard opens and guides you through
importing the settings. By default, the import will merge the settings from
the
backup file with existing user settings and if a setting in the user folder
conflicts with a setting from the backup file, it will be replaced by the
setting
from the backup. However, you can also choose to simply replace all current
settings in the user folder with the contents of the backup or, when
merging
and there is a settings conflict, you can choose to keep the current
setting.
During the settings import, the current settings in your user folder are
automatically backed up. If you find that the settings that were imported
from
the SBAK file are not working as expected, you can restore the previous
settings. To restore, open the Utilities menu located in the JAWS
application window,
open the Import/Export menu, and select Restore Settings. The Restore
Settings dialog box opens where you can select the backup file to restore.
Choose
the Restore button to replace the current settings in your JAWS user folder
with the settings from the backup.
Some instances of when you might use this feature include:
list of 4 items
. You want to use the same JAWS settings on multiple computers, such as in
a
training center or school computer lab.
. You create a lot of customizations and you want to be able to back them
up
so you can easily import them when you install a new version of JAWS,
eliminating
the task of having to manually reconfigure everything.
. A friend would like to use some of your flexible web rules and voice
profiles. You could use the Export Settings wizard to only export these
particular
settings, send the resulting SBAK file to your friend, and if they are
running JAWS 18 or later, they can import the file containing your flexible
web
rules and voice profiles into their copy of JAWS.
. A script developer could send you a SBAK file containing custom scripts
and settings for an application that is used at your job and the Import
Settings
wizard will quickly import all settings and script files to the correct
locations in your JAWS user folder.
list end
Restrict Virtual Cursor in Web-Based dialog boxes
If a dialog box appears on a web page as a result of an action such as
activating a specific control, which can occur especially on pages that are
part
of a web-based application, JAWS now restricts Virtual Cursor navigation to
the dialog box. Sometimes, depending on how the web application is
implemented,
when focus moves into these dialog boxes, the content of the surrounding
page is hidden until focus moves out of the dialog box. However, in many
instances,
the dialog content merges with the surrounding page which can be confusing
especially when you only want to focus on the content in the web dialog
box.
JAWS automatically restricts Virtual Cursor navigation to the dialog box
when some action occurs that moves the focus into that dialog box. This
includes
navigating to an edit field in the dialog box with the ARROW keys and Auto
Forms mode is enabled, navigating using the TAB or SHIFT+TAB keys, or
activating
a control on the page that automatically sets focus to the dialog box. When
the Virtual Cursor is restricted, both speech and braille will only
navigate
content in the dialog box until restriction is disabled. The Virtual Cursor
will be automatically unrestricted if you use the TAB or SHIFT+TAB keys to
move focus away from the dialog box, or you perform an action in the dialog
box that causes focus to be moved to another part of the page, or a
completely
new page loads.
You can also use the INSERT+R keystroke when focused in a web dialog box to
manually toggle the Virtual Cursor between restricted and unrestricted. For
instance, you may wish to unrestrict the Virtual Cursor to review page
content outside of the dialog box without moving focus.
Note: In some web applications, surrounding page content is hidden when a
dialog box is in focus, so unrestricting the Virtual Cursor to view content
outside
the dialog box will not always work in these situations.
New Speech Option as You Move the Physical Mouse Around the Screen
The new mouse echo feature enables JAWS to speak text under the mouse
pointer as you move around the screen using a physical mouse or as you move
your
finger on a trackpad. If you use a refreshable braille display, text under
the mouse is also shown in braille as a flash message.
While totally blind users may not benefit very much from this feature,
there
are some cases where it can be useful. For example, there may be times
where
someone is trying to understand the positioning of text or the layout of
controls on the screen, and this could be helpful. You also may encounter
applications
that have controls that cannot be accessed with any of the JAWS cursors and
you must use the physical mouse to locate and activate them.
For users that have some vision, the ability to also receive speech
feedback
as they move the physical mouse is very useful. There are also more
improvements
coming for those who use both MAGic and JAWS together.
If you find that you struggle to keep the mouse in a straight line when
moving vertically or horizontally, press and hold the INSERT key (or
CAPSLOCK key
in Laptop layout) as you move the mouse in a specific direction to lock the
mouse pointer to that position. For example, if you locate a menu bar or
group
of buttons you would like to explore, you could press and hold INSERT as
you
move the mouse to the right. If you accidentally move slightly up or down,
the mouse pointer remains locked to the current position.
Mouse echo is off by default. To turn it on, open Settings Center, press
CTRL+SHIFT+D to load the default settings file, expand the mouse echo
group,
and
then press the SPACEBAR on Enable Mouse Echo. You can also configure the
following:
list of 5 items
. Choose whether or not JAWS interrupts speech as you move the mouse
pointer
over text. By default, JAWS speaks the new text moved to with the mouse
regardless
of what is currently being spoken.
. Specify the length of time JAWS waits before speaking the text at the
location of the mouse pointer. If you move the mouse pointer away before
the
delay
has elapsed, JAWS does not read the text. By default there is no delay
which
means text is read while the mouse is in motion so you do not have to pause
to hear the text under the mouse.
. Select the unit of text (character, word, line, or paragraph) you want to
hear when the mouse pointer pauses over text in a control. By default, JAWS
reads the current line of text under the mouse. This means that if you move
the mouse pointer into the document area of an application such as
Microsoft
Word, JAWS will read the line of text under the mouse. As you continue
moving the mouse around the edit control, JAWS will read other lines from
the document.
If the control cannot provide the requested unit of text, then JAWS will
read all of the text provided by the control. For example, if you move the
mouse
into the edit control of the Windows 10 Sticky Notes app, JAWS will read
the
entire contents of the edit field instead of the specified unit of text.
. Choose whether or not JAWS speaks descriptive information provided by the
control that contains the text at the mouse pointer. This information will
be spoken after the text at the mouse pointer is spoken. Note that
descriptive text is not always available. The default is to not speak this
information.
. Choose whether or not JAWS speaks the control type and state of the
control containing the text at the mouse pointer. This information will be
spoken
after the text at the mouse pointer is spoken. The default is to speak
control information.
list end
Alternatively, the following layered keystrokes are available to control
mouse echo:
list of 6 items
. INSERT+SPACEBAR, E, O. Toggles mouse echo on or off.
. INSERT+SPACEBAR, E, C. Sets mouse echo to speak the character under the
mouse pointer in controls that support navigating by units of text.
. INSERT+SPACEBAR, E, W. Sets mouse echo to speak the word under the mouse
pointer in controls that support navigating by units of text.
. INSERT+SPACEBAR, E, L. Sets mouse echo to speak the line under the mouse
pointer in controls that support navigating by units of text.
. INSERT+SPACEBAR, E, P. Sets mouse echo to speak the paragraph under the
mouse pointer in controls that support navigating by units of text.
. INSERT+SPACEBAR, E, QUESTION MARK. Speaks a brief help message describing
the commands in the mouse echo layer.
list end
Note: When JAWS 18 and MAGic 13.1 are run together, the current mouse echo
settings for MAGic will be ignored in favor of JAWS Mouse Echo speech
settings.
When exiting JAWS so only MAGic is running, the original mouse echo
settings
configured in MAGic will be used. In addition, if MAGic's Mouse Line Lock
feature is enabled, the mouse line lock functionality in JAWS is disabled.
Lower the Audio from Other Programs While JAWS is Speaking
In Windows 8 and later, you can now specify that the volume of audio from
other programs be lowered while JAWS is speaking. This is commonly known as
audio
ducking. For example, if you are listening to music or playing a video and
JAWS begins talking, the volume of the music or video will be slightly
lowered
so you can comfortably hear JAWS and then raised back to its current level
when JAWS stops talking.
For JAWS users with a braille display, you can also choose to mute JAWS
speech (INSERT+SPACEBAR, S) while listening to audio from other programs
and
still
use JAWS with braille output only, without the audio from the other
programs
being reduced.
By default, audio remains at the same volume as JAWS speech. To change
this,
there are two ways. The easiest way is to open the Startup Wizard from the
JAWS Help menu and select the Lower the volume of other programs while JAWS
is speaking checkbox located on the Speech Settings page.
Alternatively, you can change this option through Settings Center by doing
the following:
list of 5 items
1. Press INSERT+F2, and select Settings Center.
2. Press CTRL+SHIFT+D to load the JAWS default settings.
3. In the Search edit box, type "volume" without the quotes.
4. Press DOWN ARROW to move to "Lower the volume of other programs while
JAWS is speaking" in the filtered search results in the tree view.
5. Press SPACEBAR to toggle this option.
list end
Finally, you can also press INSERT+SPACEBAR, followed by D to quickly
toggle
this feature. If audio ducking is off by default, it will turn it on, and
if it is on by default, it will turn it off. The current setting will
remain
in effect until you press the layered keystroke again, or JAWS is
restarted.
The audio ducking toggle can also be located using the Command Search
feature (INSERT+SPACEBAR, J).
Note: Turning on JAWS audio ducking is most useful if both JAWS speech and
other program audio are coming through the same sound device. If you use
multiple
sound devices, such as a USB headset and external speakers connected to
your
computer's sound card, you can configure JAWS speech to use the headset
while
other audio comes through the external speakers which you can then control
using the physical volume control. To configure the sound card JAWS uses,
from
the JAWS application window, open the Utilities menu, open the Sound Cards
submenu, and then choose the sound device you want to use for JAWS speech.
Improvements with JAWS Touch Support
JAWS 18 offers improved performance when using a touch screen device, such
as the Surface Pro tablet from Microsoft, as well as tablets with smaller
screens.
You will experience greater accuracy and responsiveness as you perform
various touch gestures including continuously moving a finger around the
screen
to explore. You can also now perform Windows gestures without the need to
first exit JAWS. The new four-finger rotate gesture causes the next gesture
to
be passed directly to Windows; similar to the Pass Key Through command
(INSERT+3). Performing a five-finger rotate gesture will now disable all
JAWS gestures,
except the four and five-finger rotate gestures, so you can use Windows
gestures until you perform another five-finger rotate to re-enable the JAWS
gestures.
Other improvements to JAWS touch support include:
list of 6 items
. JAWS touch gestures are now included in the Command Search feature
(INSERT+SPACEBAR, J). If you search for a command that can be performed
using a keystroke
or a gesture, both the keystroke and gesture are displayed in the search
results. You can also search for gesture-specific commands, such as
toggling
the
Touch Keyboard, or cycling through Touch Navigation, Text Reading, or
Speech
Settings gesture modes. The JAWS Command Search only includes gestures if
JAWS detects that it is running on a touch screen enabled device.
. It is now much easier to use gestures to switch between applications in
the task switching window that displays when you swipe from the left edge
of
the screen. When the task switcher opens, flick left or right through the
list of running applications and when you locate the one you want, double
tap
it to move focus in to that app.
. Improved the experience when using touch gestures to log into Windows. If
the Login screen is active and focus is on the Password edit field,
performing
a double tap will immediately open the touch keyboard allowing you to enter
your password. Otherwise, flick right or explore until you locate the
Password
edit field and then double tap to set focus and open the touch keyboard.
. In response to user feedback, the default typing mode for the touch
keyboard is now Touch Typing, which means a key is typed as soon as the
finger is
lifted from the keyboard button, or you perform a split tap.
. If the gesture mode is set to Text Reading, you can now perform a
four-finger swipe down to begin a Say All in the currently open document,
similar to
pressing INSERT+DOWN ARROW on the keyboard. To stop reading, tap anywhere
on
the screen.
. In response to customer requests, added a new option to the Touch Cursor
group in Quick Settings that allows you to choose the element type that is
navigated
to when using the flick up and flick down gestures. The available choices
are Regions (selected by default), Headings, List Items, Buttons, Links,
Groups,
and Form Controls. Note that not all apps support these navigation types;
they are typically available in modern apps and web applications.
list end
Refer to the
Overview of JAWS Touch Support
document for more information and to review all the available JAWS
gestures.
Launch JAWS on Tablets Using Hardware Buttons
You can configure the Windows and Volume Up buttons on a tablet to start
JAWS instead of Narrator when these buttons are pressed simultaneously.
This
is
done through the Ease of Access Center in Windows by doing the following:
list of 4 items
1. Open the Start menu, type "ease of access", and then press ENTER to open
the Ease of Access Center.
2. Navigate to the "Make Touch and Tablets Easier to Use" link and press
ENTER.
3. In the Accessibility Tools combo box, select JAWS 18.
4. Choose OK, and then close the Ease of Access Center.
list end
The next time you are in a situation where JAWS is not running, you can
press the Windows and Volume Up buttons together to quickly launch it from
anywhere
in Windows. If you are on the Secure Desktop or Windows Login screen, these
hardware buttons will always launch Narrator. However, once you are logged
in, these buttons will now start JAWS 18.
Improved Google Docs Support
JAWS 18 offers significant improvements when working in Google Docs. While
users will experience better performance overall, a few key enhancements
include:
list of 6 items
. You can now type text into a document using Contracted Braille.
. Added speech and braille support for navigating tables inserted into
documents.
. Resolved several issues with JAWS not detecting live region updates.
. Addressed issues where JAWS was announcing extraneous information when
opening menus.
. Resolved several issues with menus and focus.
. Resolved multiple issues where focus would unexpectedly jump to other
places while editing a document.
list end
More Dynamic Braille Auto Advance Mode
Auto Advance Mode is equivalent to the Say All command for braille readers
and has been available in JAWS for many years. After performing the
appropriate
command on your braille display (left and right selector buttons on the
Focus series displays), the braille display is automatically panned at a
specific
speed through an entire document, automatically skipping over blank
segments
and blank lines. In prior versions, users could configure how long JAWS
paused
before automatically panning the display. Once configured, the display
would
pan at the same speed regardless of how much information was on the
display,
so most users would set the timer for optimal reading when the display was
full. However, if the display panned to a short line containing only a few
words
with the remaining cells being empty, which could occur more frequently
with
larger displays such as those with 40 or 80 cells, this could be
inconvenient
as the user would have to wait for the display to advance which could cause
an interruption with reading.
To improve the reading experience when using Auto Advance Mode, JAWS now
pans faster or slower depending on the length of the current braille line.
The
display will pan faster for short lines so you can instantly move to the
next segment without having to wait once you have finished reading, but
will
pan
slower for longer lines up to a maximum length of time which is used when
the display is full. This maximum value can be configured through Settings
Center
using the new Auto Advance Maximum Interval option. By default, it is set
to
5000 milliseconds, or five seconds.
For example, if you have an 80 cell display and the current braille line
takes up the majority of the display, JAWS will pan the display after five
seconds.
If the display pans to a short line containing only a few words and the
remaining cells are blank, JAWS will pan the display within a couple
seconds.
Updated Handy Tech Braille Display Drivers
JAWS 18 includes updated braille display drivers from Handy Tech. These new
drivers fix issues with braille input and language detection for messages
and
introduces support for their latest displays.
ARIA Improvements
JAWS 18 ads support for several ARIA 1.1 features that are being used on
certain web pages. These include the aria-modal, aria-current, and
aria-placeholder
attributes, as well as support for partially visible tables.
Changes to Sentence Navigation Keystrokes in the Desktop Keyboard Layout
In the JAWS Desktop Keyboard Layout, pressing ALT+DOWN ARROW or ALT+UP
ARROW
moves to the next or prior sentence, or opens and closes combo boxes. In
addition,
some applications also use these keystrokes to perform their own specific
functions which means JAWS users need to first press INSERT+3 to pass these
keystrokes
through to the application so they work correctly. For instance, ALT+DOWN
ARROW and ALT+UP ARROW are used in the attachments area in Microsoft
Outlook
2016 to open and close the list of actions you can perform with the
selected
attachment.
To avoid potential conflicts, ALT+DOWN ARROW and ALT+UP ARROW in the
desktop
keyboard layout will now only move by sentence in Microsoft Word,
WordPerfect,
the message area in Microsoft Outlook, and when using the Virtual Cursor
unless focused on a combo box. If you want sentence navigation to work in
other
applications, you can use the Keyboard Manager to reassign the Say Next
Sentence and Say Prior Sentence commands, or switch to the laptop keyboard
layout
and use CAPS LOCK+N and CAPS LOCK+Y to move by sentence.
To assign new keystrokes for sentence navigation, do the following:
list of 6 items
1. Press INSERT+F2 and select Keyboard Manager.
2. Press CTRL+SHIFT+D to load the default key map file.
3. Press TAB to move to the list view and locate the "SayNextSentence"
script.
4. Press CTRL+A to open the Add Keystroke dialog box, press the key
combination you want to use, and press ENTER. Press ENTER once more to
confirm the
change and return to the list view.
5. Locate the "SayPriorSentence" script.
6. Press CTRL+A to open the Add Keystroke dialog box, press the key
combination you want to use, and press ENTER. Press ENTER once more to
confirm the
change and return to the list view, and then press ALT+F4 to close the
Keyboard Manager.
list end
__________
Podaci o listi:
1. Web strana: http://www.slikom.info/ml/sl.html
2. Adresa za prijavu: slikom-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx u subjektu upisati:
subscribe
3. Adresa za odjavu: slikom-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx u subjektu upisati:
unsubscribe
4. Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/web.portal.slikom
5. Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/slikom
6. Adresa moderatora: SliKom-Moderators@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
__________
__________
Podaci o listi:
1. Web strana: http://www.slikom.info/ml/sl.html
2. Adresa za prijavu: slikom-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx u subjektu upisati: subscribe
3. Adresa za odjavu: slikom-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx u subjektu upisati:
unsubscribe
4. Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/web.portal.slikom
5. Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/slikom
6. Adresa moderatora: SliKom-Moderators@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
__________
