Hi Jennifer, You are right about low frequency range. From my experience, it is much better to not have the data at low frequency (DC) at all than have it 'guessed' or generated in some tricky ways. We always perform fitting (approximation by partial fraction expansion) and algorithm cares by itself on how it extrapolates outside data range. Manual intervention and tweaking the data is most dangerous thing. There are more intelligent ways of forcing the dependence behave in a certain ways outside the range. On a more general note, I'm seeing frequently repeating pattern in many SI-LIST conversions on S-parameters: first, someone complains about problems in doing data conversion or simulation work without actually providing the data. Then folks answer the mail proposing some solutions. But, without seeing the data such advises are often of a little value; often the author gets a lots of different, sometimes conflicting proposals. I support the idea of Colin, earlier in the thread, that it would be very useful to have a shared depository for questionable data files, mostly Touchstones (maybe, on SI-LIST locations) so that we could provide more useful feedback at least on those that could be shared (possibly with any modifications/simplifications, to only retain the original problem). Vladimir Jennifer Maharani jennifer.maharani@xxxxxxxxx wrote: Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: Simulating s-parameter model in HSPICE - DC Data Date: Thu, 14 May 2009 22:12:34 +0200 Hi Vladimir, EM tools usually do not simulate at low freqs. Low freqs data are usually generated by extrapolation. By having finer steps at low frequencies, does really bring any help? Because the DC data is still wrong. Many thanks. ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List technical documents are available at: http://www.si-list.net List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu