Hello World, I recently pushed two more analysis for pythran. The first one is an intra-procedural analysis that gather aliases between identifiers, and tries hard to gather aliases between an expression and identifiers. It is not very accurate, but seems to work well enough to support the second analysis, update effects. An update effect on an argument basically tells that the argument may be ... updated by a call. In C++ terms it's the difference between a const reference and a reference. The update effect analysis is inter-procedural and works like a charm : all tests from the validation now use it to decide whether each function argument gets a const& or a &&. Next step : prove that a function is pure and unleash the constant folding transformation ! -- serge