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MEDICAL: DISEASES: ZIKA VIRUS :
MEDICAL: TREATMENTS:
Human Antibody Protects Fetus from Zika
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Human Antibody Protects Fetus from Zika
BY ADVANCE STAFF
NOVEMBER 14, 2016
http://health-system-management.advanceweb.com/
human-antibody-protects-fetus-from-zika/
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A shorter URL for the above link:
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http://tinyurl.com/gw775tr
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The most devastating consequence of Zika virus infection is the
development of microcephaly, or an abnormally small head, in babies who
were infected in utero. Now, researchers at Washington University School
of Medicine in St. Louis and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine have
identified a human antibody that prevents, in pregnant mice, the fetus
from becoming infected with Zika and damage of the placenta, according to
a press release. The antibody also protects adult mice from Zika disease.
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This is the first antiviral that has been shown to work in pregnancy to
protect developing fetuses from Zika virus, said Michael Diamond, MD, PhD,
the Herbert S. Gasser Professor of Medicine and the studys co-senior
author. This is proof of principle that Zika virus during pregnancy is
treatable, and we already have a human antibody that treats it, at least
in mice.
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The study is published Nov. 7 in Nature, as a fast-track advance online
publication.
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Diamond, co-senior author James Crowe Jr., MD, of Vanderbilt, and
colleagues screened 29 anti-Zika antibodies from people who had recovered
from Zika infection. They found one, called ZIKV-117, that efficiently
neutralized in the lab five Zika strains representing the worldwide
diversity of the virus.
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To test whether the antibody also protects living animals, the researchers
gave the antibody to pregnant mice either one day before or one day after
they were infected with the virus. In both cases, antibody treatment
markedly reduced the levels of virus in pregnant females and their
fetuses, as well as in the placentas, compared with pregnant mice that did
not get the antibody.
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These naturally occurring antibodies isolated from humans represent the
first medical intervention that prevents Zika infection and damage to
fetuses, Crowe said.
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The placentas from the treated females appeared normal and healthy, unlike
those from the untreated females, which showed destruction of the
placental structure. Damage to the placenta can cause slow fetal growth
and even can cause fetal death, both of which are associated with Zika
infection in humans.
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We did not see any damage to the fetal blood vessels, thinning of the
placenta or any growth restriction in the fetuses of the antibody-treated
mice, said co-author Indira Mysorekar, PhD, an associate professor of
obstetrics and gynecology, and of pathology and immunology at Washington
University, and co-director of the Universitys Center for Reproductive
Sciences. The anti-Zika antibodies are able to keep the fetus safe from
harm by blocking the virus from crossing the placenta.
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The complete article may be read at the URL above.
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