---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Matthew Shepherd <mdshepherd@xxxxxxxxxx> Date: Mon, Jan 6, 2014 at 7:43 AM Subject: Study looks at how controlled burning affects rare butterfly To: ENTOMO-L@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx *Study looks at how controlled burning affects rare butterfly* The Xerces Society released a study today that shows that caution should be used when applying prescribed fire in rare butterfly habitat. The mardon skipper (*Polites mardon*) is a rare butterfly found only in the Pacific Northwest of the United States of America. Historically, mardon skippers are thought to have been more widespread and abundant than they currently are but 150 years of human settlement, livestock grazing, fire suppression, and invasion of grassland habitat by native and nonnative vegetation have led to the loss of habitat and butterflies. Staff from the U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Xerces Society designed a study to determine the effects of fire on mardon skippers on Coon Mountain in northern California. In late fall 2008 the U.S. Forest Service conducted a burn that impacted approximately one third of the core habitat occupied by the mardon skipper at that site. Subsequent surveys undertaken by Xerces Society scientists found significantly fewer butterflies in the burned areas of Coon Mountain meadows compared to unburned areas. In all years of the study there were more mardon skipper butterflies in unburned zones than in burned zones. While the results do show a steady improvement in areas that were burned, full recovery had still not taken place five years after the burn event. This highlights the need to leave substantial habitat when using fire as a management tool for mardon skippers, and likely other imperiled butterflies. Untreated habitat is essential to ensure the remaining butterfly population is large enough to survive a prolonged (although ideally short-term) decrease in habitat quality and quantity, and can serve as a source to repopulate the affected areas. Fire can be a beneficial management tool to maintain healthy ecosystems. However, this study shows the importance of using fire and other management tools with caution. Careful consideration of the life histories of the resident flora and fauna will help to avoid eliminating the very species that such management is targeting. To download a copy of the report, go to: http://www.xerces.org/study-looks-at-how-controlled-burning-affects-rare-butterfly/ Funding from the U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Oregon Zoo, and Xerces Society members made this study possible. ________ *Matthew Shepherd* Communications Director *The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation* Protecting the Life that Sustains Us 628 NE Broadway, Ste 200, Portland, OR 97232-1324, USA mdshepherd@xxxxxxxxxx Tel: (503) 232-6639 ext. 110 Toll free: 1-855-232 6639 ext. 110 Cell: (503) 807-1577 Fax: (503) 233-6794 Stay in touch: *xerces.org* <http://www.xerces.org/> *Facebook*<http://www.facebook.com/pages/The-Xerces-Society/193182577358618> *E-newsletter* <http://www.xerces.org/enewsletters/> *Twitter* <https://twitter.com/xerces_society> The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation is an international nonprofit organization that protects wildlife through the conservation of invertebrates and their habitat. To join the Society, make a donation, or read about our work, please visit www.xerces.org. -- James W. Beck Broussard, LA "All I can do is be me, whoever that is." -Bob Dylan