'Putsch' is (according to my _Kluge etymologigisches Woerterbuch_) of Swiss origin. Originally meaning simply a 'Stoss' [shove, push, knock, bump or kick - cf. the English word 'push' which etymological dictionaries derive from Old French and Latin] or 'Zusammenprall' [collision or, figuratively, clash], it came to be applied to a 'ploetzlichen Volksaufstand' [sudden rebellion - literally 'uprising of the people'] in the 19th century (e.g., The Zurich 'Putsch' of 1839). Chris Bruce Kiel, Germany ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html