Last night CSPAN2, Book Notes, had Nasr speaking about his new book, The Shia Revival : http://www.cfr.org/publication/11179/shia_revival.html . He has some impressive credentials: http://www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/people/nasr.asp and http://www.cfr.org/bios/11622/ During the Q&A period someone asked him if Iraq was having a Civil War. He said "no." He explained that initially, after Saddam's defeat, that the Sunni's sought to regain power by so disrupting the American attempts to help develop an Iraqi government that they would pull out and the Shias who had never had power wouldn't be able to compete with them. More recently the Shias have decided to pay back the Sunnis, mostly to show the Sunnis that what they have been doing isn't going to work. The Shias are in power and they are going to stay in power. The Sunnis can give up their pouting and tantrums and join the government or mess around and be destroyed in a big way. The latter would be a Civil War, but Iraq isn't to that stage yet. Nasr thought the US was going to have difficulty pulling the Iraqi government together such that it remains stable unless it brings in the major players in the area. He describes Afghanistan as the model. We invited all the neighboring players to join in a meeting in Europe and they all showed up, even Iran. The Afghan government wasn't going to work unless the major players supported it. And, according to Nasr, it is working very well. While saying that the Iraqi government would become a success if we were to do something like that with them, he admits that Iran will be difficult to bring on board. They have a die-hard militant as president and they think they have everything going their own way. Lawrence