http://news.slashdot.org/news/08/07/06/0337241.shtml "Israeli researchers have developed an electronic ear to coach vibrato technique <http://www.aftau.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=7355>. Until now, the quality of a vibrato — the pulsating change of pitch in a singer's voice — could only be judged by voice experts. Now, a Tel Aviv University research team 'has successfully managed to train a computer to rate vibrato quality, and has created an application based on biofeedback to help singers improve their technique.' Interestingly, this research could be used for other applications, such as improving automated help centers, where computers could be trained 'to recognize a range of different emotions, such as anger and nervousness.'" Anger, nervousness? Universal or culturally specific features? Or universal plus culturally specific features? Or, on another tack, just think of the surveillance possibilities.... John -- John McCreery The Word Works, Ltd., Yokohama, JAPAN Tel. +81-45-314-9324 http://www.wordworks.jp/