I thought this might be of interest to the group. If anything, it shows that suggested response/conversion rates are much lower than these discussed on this list a couple of years ago. It also uses a very interesting quantitative method to obtain this data. Link to BBC News article "Study shows how spammers cash in" http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/7719281.stm Snippet: "Spammers are turning a profit despite only getting one response for every 12.5m e-mails they send, finds a study. By hijacking a working spam network, US researchers have uncovered some of the economics of being a junk mailer. The analysis suggests that such a tiny response rate means a big spam operation can turn over millions of pounds in profit every year. It also suggests that spammers may be susceptible to attacks that make it more costly to send junk mail." Link to UCSD paper: http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/pubs/networking/2008-ccs-spamalytics.pdf Regards, John.