Hi! Some of my thoughts about the discussions that were going on: 1) Modifying SMTP with challenge-response, etc: I do not blame anyone for putting amazing amounts of pressure on someone who attempts to modify SMTP. I have worked a lot with different mail servers (sendmail, postfix, courier) and I can tell you: it's a nightmare even now. SMTP must not be changed. If you contest this, you are not aware of the magnitude of problems it is already causing 2) Concerning reputation: I wrote my Diploma thesis on trust model simulation in ad-hoc networks. Let me tell you one thing: it is a nightmare. I personally read the top 50-80 articles concerning reputation in such a network (which resembles the internet from the spammer point of view), and I did not find even one that came close to solving the problem without using some proprietary hardware (i.e. smart card, etc). This is not just my imagination working, this is a fact. If you think that it can be done in one way or another, please tell the research community, I am sure you will be richly awarded. 3) I personally believe that the idea of hashcash is brilliant. It is transparent, simple and works. I believe the mailing list should be propagating this idea, trying to make software compliant (e.g. there is still no plugin for thunderbird). I personally tried this (I tried to modify enigmail plugin for thunderbird so that it would make hashcash stamp), but failed, I am not a really good programmer. At least I tried. 4) Regarding distributed and DNS-based distribution of the hardness(lenght of 0's) of the stamp: Doing it the DNS way is simple. Once hashcash gains momentum, there will be other people who solve this problem (companies, maybe, or just commited individuals). I do not think we should be concerned about this. If people realise that hashcash has a huge potential, they will solve this problem. I know that what I wrote sounds harsh. However, I believe there should be groups of people doing individual tasks, not one group doing all tasks. Our mission is to propagate hashcash and show its viability. Once it is shown to be working, others will take care of the rest. Máté