The discussion on this has floated around in my sleep deprived head for a couple of days, so I looked it up. Here are a series of definitions I got for "calligraphy" on the web: Definitions of calligraphy on the Web: The art of beautiful writing. Broadly, a flowing use of line, often varying from thick to thin. www.ackland.org/tours/classes/glossary.html This is an ornate highly stylized form of handwriting seen on expensive wedding invitations and other places. www.weddingzone.net/px-pl081.htm the art of writing beautifully. www.ket.org/artofthehorse/ed/glos.htm the art of handwriting where the writing has been done in an ornamental way. www.wideskiesart.com/fineartglossary1.php the art of decorative handwriting medievalwriting.50megs.com/glossary2.htm Elegant, decorative writing, developed to an artform itself, used to enhance the artistic appeal and visual beauty of handwritten papers and manuscripts. www.brigantine.atlnet.org/GigapaletteGALLERY/websites/ARTiculationFinal/MainPages/A-DVocabulary.htm Elegant, decorative writing. Lines used in art works that possess the qualities found in kind of writing may be called "calligraphic." They are generally flowing and rhythmic. www.khsd.k12.ca.us/bhs/Perry/art%20vocabulary.htm Stylized handwriting used as art. www.art-bazaar.com/artjargon.htm The art of producing beautiful or elegant handwriting. Artists devote years to refine their skills and utilize specialty nibs and inks to achieve the various styles of calligraphy www.scrapjazz.com/glossary/list.php Fancy penmanship used in inscriptions, diplomas, manuscripts, and such. www.buriedantiques.com/book_terms.htm Custom hand-lettering in the Nouveau style, usually a date or name. www.hearthworks.net/glossary/ A distinctive style of artistic handwriting created by using special pen nibs that allow a calligrapher to vary the thickness of a letter's line elements. The art flourished from the fourteenth through eighteenth centuries. www.colorconcepts.com/glossary/c.htm script that is intentionally decorative members.tripod.com/bibliomane/c_d.htm Handwriting as art. It probably reached its zenith as an art form in the 12th to 15th century but has undergone a revival in recent years. www.kidzpicz.com/Artist%20Manual/dictionaryofartisticterms.htm A stylish manner of writing characters. The Japanese use three different methods of calligraphy: Kaisho, Gyosho, and Sosho. Kaisho is a series of lines, meticulously drawn in a square style and is not widely used by the Japanese. Gyosho is a semi cursive style and Sosho is a cursive style, both used by the Japanese because they take less time to write. www.hyperhistory.net/apwh/dictionary/ChinaJapanKorea.htm Writing which has been carefully written using a special pen or brush. www.ahps.fivedock.syd.catholic.edu.au/html/artterms3.html Literally this simply means "beautiful writing" but today is used to mean wording created by hand, not with typesetting machinery. Many of our elegant invitations utilize calligraphy as part of the design. www.invitations.la/Invitations_101/invitation_glossary_of_terms.htm Freehand, hand-formed letters www.bucknell.edu/Library_computing/Collections_and_Borrowing/Special_Collections_University_Archives/Resources_for_Faculty_Students/Glossary_of_Terms.html beautiful handwriting wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn Calligraphy (from Greek êáëëïò kallos "beauty" + ãñáöïò graphos "writing") is the art of decorative writing. A style of calligraphy is described as a hand. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calligraphy Given all of that, I think I'll have to agree that calligraphy is handwritten. "Machine Calligraphy" should correctly be called typesetting (or these days desktop publishing). Richard _______________________________________________ Join Excite! - http://www.excite.com The most personalized portal on the Web! ========================================================= To Unsubscribe: Send email to fptalk-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with "unsubscribe" in the Subject field. The email that you then receive MUST be replied to per instructions to complete the process.