[colombiamigra] Fwd: Top US Immigrant Groups by Countries/Regions of Birth and Age/Sex, and Immigrant Labor Force – MPI Data Hub – December 21, 2011

From: Maria Claudia Duque <mcduquep@xxxxxxxxx>
To: colombiamigra@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
Date: Wed, 21 Dec 2011 16:25:11 -0500
Saludos, mc

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Jeanne Batalova, MPI Data Hub <data@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Date: 2011/12/21
Subject: Top US Immigrant Groups by Countries/Regions of Birth and Age/Sex,
and Immigrant Labor Force – MPI Data Hub – December 21, 2011
To: mcduquep@xxxxxxxxx


     *
Top US Immigrant Groups by Countries/Regions of Birth and Age/Sex, and
Immigrant Labor Force Participation *
* Plus, Studying Abroad and Top Three Diasporas in the United States *


<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=IiJHwI6YNNDnLP%2B0IwiEHLYke3s%2BuuSw>If
the end of the year is a time for reflection, then now is the perfect
opportunity to review our newest data release — updated *US historical
immigration 
trends<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=vugPuCFzqzA4Wnm1YM24cLYke3s%2BuuSw>
* that provide a glimpse into the history of US immigration. These charts
and downloadable graphs map immigration patterns over the past decades,
detailing characteristics of the US immigrant population that allow for
greater analysis of migration flows and a historical context of immigration
in the country.

The data — drawn from the 2010 American Community Survey — include
immigrants' * countries and regions of
birth<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=%2F%2B6HDl4zBAWFOO1pXBvJnLYke3s%2BuuSw>
*, immigrants in the *US labor
force<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=0pgTAhCUsLl7%2BkAXGCLR5bYke3s%2BuuSw>
*, children in *immigrant
families<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=MIYeP0RqISCqXz4opM5lc7Yke3s%2BuuSw>
* by state and age groups, and immigrants' *age and
sex<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=Arr3kHxfviH1KDabooLXbrYke3s%2BuuSw>
* distribution. (*Note*: The terms 'foreign born' and 'immigrants' refer to
people residing in the United States at the time of the census who were not
US citizens at birth. The foreign-born population includes naturalized
citizens, lawful permanent immigrants, refugees and asylees, legal
nonimmigrants (including those on student, work, or other temporary visas),
and persons residing in the country without authorization.)

*Immigrants' Countries and Regions of Birth*
*The top 
ten<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=OCX673LGbd3qZvqoARsTmbYke3s%2BuuSw>countries
of immigration in 2010
*: As expected, Mexico continues to hold the lead with the largest
foreign-born population in the United States (29 percent of the nation's 40
million immigrants). Far behind Mexico is China (which includes Hong Kong)
at 5 percent, followed by India and the Philippines (4 percent each);
Vietnam, El Salvador, Cuba, and Korea (3 percent each); and the Dominican
Republic and Guatemala (2 percent each). In
*2000<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=WywTz8lPean3qN3axDaVt7Yke3s%2BuuSw>
*, Germany and Canada were in the top ten, with the Philippines slightly
edging out China as the country with the second-highest percentage of the
31.1 million immigrants.

*Immigrants by region of birth (numbers and shares)*: The
*number<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=oP%2F5Jh9%2BqlVSSO8ZzaTzhrYke3s%2BuuSw>
* of immigrants from Asia and Latin America has been steadily increasing
since the 1960s, while the number of European immigrants has declined
significantly. For instance, the number of Europeans — the largest
immigrant group in 1960 — dropped by 34 percent from 7.3 million in 1960 to
4.8 million to 2010, whereas the number of Latin Americans increased
dramatically from under 1 million to more than 21 million during the same
time period. This is a reflection, of course, of the 1965 amendments to the
Immigration and Nationality Act, which abolished national-origin quotas
that had favored Europe over other regions of the world.

Naturally, the 
*shares<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=NDftQb%2Bi3T62eklQH80Pw7Yke3s%2BuuSw>
* of different groups represented in the total immigrant population have
changed as well. It is interesting to note that in 1960, European
immigrants accounted for 75 percent of the total immigrant population,
while in 2010, some 53 percent were from Latin America. The proportion of
Asian immigrants started growing rapidly at the end of the 1970s with the
arrival of refugees as well as students, skilled workers, and their
families from various parts of Asia. In 2010, Asian immigrants accounted
for 11.3 million, or 28 percent, of all immigrants in the United States.
All in all, these changing demographics have lead to greater origin,
cultural, and linguistic diversity in the US population.

*Immigrants in the US Labor Force*
While certain foreign-born groups see monthly and yearly
*fluctuations<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=dJ1k0HiiM0OzdiFGDMgo6LYke3s%2BuuSw>
* in their labor force participation, the
*percentage<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=Wy22fxvS0gEWxRGb69j4ubYke3s%2BuuSw>
* of immigrants in the US labor force has risen from decade to decade. As a
share of the civilian labor force, immigrants accounted for 16 percent in
2010, which is higher than the 13 percent share of the total US population.
In 1970, immigrants accounted for 5 percent of the labor force, and nearly
5 percent of the total US population. The rising share of immigrants in the
labor force (also a reflection of a post-1965 immigration increase) points
to an expanding role of immigrants in many sectors of the national economy.
For more of an examination of immigrants' role and impacts in the labor
market, MPI offers detailed reports and analysis through its *Labor Markets
Initiative<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=DzbBpkzxK5wKiMGUWNXZBLYke3s%2BuuSw>
*.

*Children (Under 18) in Immigrant Families*
*Number and share of children of immigrants, 1990 to
2010<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=RUg66lzYydH5PtAjPFw%2BQLYke3s%2BuuSw>
*: The number of children with immigrant parents has more than doubled
since 1990, when those children numbered 8.2 million, to almost 17 million
in 2010. This growth in large part is the result of two demographic forces:
a significant inflow of Latin American and Asian immigrants and the
relatively high birth rates of those immigrant groups. In 2010 one in four
children under 18 came from immigrant families, compared to one in eight
just two decades earlier.

*Children in immigrant and native families by
state<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=AV2q6UKqC1RKATIv%2Fsvs57Yke3s%2BuuSw>,
1990 to 2010*: The state with the highest number of immigrant-origin
children (i.e., those with at least one immigrant parent) was California
with 4.4 million, followed by Texas at 2.2 million, and New York at 1.4
million (all traditional immigrant-destination states). California was also
the state with the highest percentage of immigrant-origin children
represented among the state's children under 18 (50 percent), with Nevada
taking the second spot at 37 percent. On the other end of the distribution,
West Virginia and Montana had the smallest numbers and shares of
immigrant-origin children (3 percent and 2 percent, respectively).

What is common among all states is that fact that the lion's share of
children from immigrant families are kids born in the United States and
are, therefore, US citizens with full access to social rights and benefits.
Read about recent debates on whether to repeal birthright citizenship for
the US-born children of unauthorized immigrants
*here<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=rk4BMsaemSF3t7D0VS5HtrYke3s%2BuuSw>
*.

*Immigrants' Age and Sex Distribution*
*Age 
Distribution<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=dIvSy%2BJf6pwvApbusHpO4rYke3s%2BuuSw>of
the Immigrant Population
*: Past Census data tells us that throughout US history, the overwhelming
majority of immigrants were of working age. However, the share of 15- to
64-year-olds varied over time — from 88 percent in 1870 (the highest
point), to 62 percent in 1960 and 1970 (the lowest point), and back to 83
percent in 2010.

*Males per 100 Females
Ratio<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=5YmLiJ2bmyRHCiKeOXOZUrYke3s%2BuuSw>Among
the Immigrant Population, 1870 to 2010
*: While the ratio between immigrant men and women has been somewhat equal
lately (in 1990, 2000, and 2010), men accounted for a much greater share in
every decade between 1870 and 1940. For instance, in the first decade of
the 20th century, Census data recorded 131 males for every 100 females (the
historic high). For the most part, this is attributed to largely
male-driven labor migration. After 1910, however, the balance began tipping
toward a greater proportion of women. Then, 1970 marked the lowest
male-to-female ratio: There were 84 immigrant men for every 100 immigrant
women. In 2010, the shares of men and women among immigrants were roughly
equal, as it is among the native-born population.

Also check out our updated *age-sex
pyramids<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=mD1JPp1F0cn4jf4Nt3svi7Yke3s%2BuuSw>
* that show the age and sex distribution of the United States in
*total<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=n7fJNeiKZ1Kl4WNmeVaHxrYke3s%2BuuSw>
*, 
*native-born<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=kcN7XAnQFfnN5juF%2B6WUv7Yke3s%2BuuSw>
*, and 
*foreign-born<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=AROjzlVsOSCr9QEwE6pp5LYke3s%2BuuSw>
* populations, as well as the top foreign-born groups (i.e.,
*Mexican<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=c2k7I%2B3Oh%2B0%2BwYymOpe9f7Yke3s%2BuuSw>
*, 
*Chinese<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=IuTL0b7uM150Dao3xp1uDbYke3s%2BuuSw>
*, 
*Indian<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=DU38l%2Fy8IZ4l8%2FEvMrzJ87Yke3s%2BuuSw>
*, 
*Filipino<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=MFcWD%2FR1OneKdfJ4BWAVgrYke3s%2BuuSw>
*, and 
*Vietnamese<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=eAvAD2MYEWBWkyASjWNmMrYke3s%2BuuSw>
* immigrants).
*GRAPH OF THE MONTH*
* More American Students Go Abroad and More Choose Non-European
Destinations *
The number of American students heading abroad to study — for the summer, a
school semester, or a full academic year — has more than tripled over the
past two decades, according to the recent *Open Doors
Report<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=IHjqL1wMmxTUCPskzBFDVLYke3s%2BuuSw>
* from the Institute of International Education. More than 270,000 students
enrolled in US higher education studied abroad for academic credit in the
2009-10 academic year, with 54 percent choosing universities and colleges
in Europe, 15 percent in Latin America, 12 percent in Asia, 6 percent in
Africa, 5 percent in Oceania, and 2 percent in the Middle East. The top
five countries of destination — the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, France,
and China — accounted for 43 percent of all US students (see the chart
below).

*Top Destinations for US Students Studying Abroad in 2009-10*


*Source*: Institute of International Education's *Open Doors
Report<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=E1ODeudpAfvWn5OIKEcGgbYke3s%2BuuSw>
*, 2011.

The survey of US campus administrators who provided data for the Open Doors
Report also suggests that a small but growing number of Americans choose to
study in less traditional destinations. "Fifteen of the top 25 destinations
were outside of Western Europe and nineteen were countries where English is
not a primary language. There was a 44 percent increase in U.S. students
going to India. Israel, Brazil and New Zealand also showed large percentage
gains." Read more about US students studying abroad
*here<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=pNfc49O3T4WkgBo6BPWHEbYke3s%2BuuSw>
*.

*DATA QUIZ*
What are the top three diaspora groups in the United States (those born in
the origin country as well as those who cite that origin as their ancestry,
race, and/or ethnicity)? Check out the answer
*here<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=rT5KUx7O8HrKVahSzzgd%2BLYke3s%2BuuSw>
*. And for additional information on diasporas, read more about a *new
project<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=AROjzlVsOSAfezlsH9%2Fus7Yke3s%2BuuSw>
* from the US Department of State on diaspora engagement, incubated and
managed by MPI.

*HAVE YOU READ...*
* Limited English Proficient Individuals in the United States: Number,
Share, Growth, and Linguistic Diversity
<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=I0Slytx2RRmvrPuiY04x0KnkTo9w%2Bcpm>
*
By Chhandasi Pandya, Margie McHugh, and Jeanne Batalova
The number of US residents who are deemed to be Limited English Proficient
(LEP) has increased substantially in recent decades, consistent with the
growth of the US foreign-born population. With LEP individuals now
representing 9 percent of the US population, an increasing number of states
and localities must grapple with issues of communication and English
language learning. This data brief offers the most up-to-date analysis on
the number, share, growth, and linguistic diversity of LEP individuals in
the United States from 1990 to 2010 at the national, state and
metropolitan-area levels, with maps and detailed state-level data.

* The Growing Global Demand for Students as Skilled Migrants
<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=AFDEUBPPwjd%2FUP7FkGrS7KnkTo9w%2Bcpm>
*
By Lesleyanne Hawthorne
International student education is a large, growing, and lucrative industry
in many developed countries. Students not only help to maintain domestic
institutions' competitiveness, they also represent a valuable pool of
skilled immigrants for governments wishing to recruit "tried and tested"
individuals into their labor forces. As Lesleyanne Hawthorne details in
this paper, it is not surprising, therefore, that Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development countries are innovating widely with policies
to attract and retain international students.

As 2011 closes its doors and 2012 swings its open, the MPI Data Hub team
would like to say 'Thank you' for your continuous support and ideas, and to
wish you a happy, healthy, and prosperous year ahead. And please stay tuned
for more exciting immigration facts, stats, and maps for the United States
and countries around the world.

Data Manager and Policy Analyst
Migration Policy Institute
*data@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx* <data@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
------------------------------

The MPI Data Hub is a project of the Migration Policy Institute (MPI). Find
out more about MPI at
*http://www.migrationpolicy.org/<http://my.migrationpolicy.org/salsa/track.jsp?v=2&c=eeYDrm8OG5Rgq3US4NlvL7Yke3s%2BuuSw>
*.

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[colombiamigra] Fwd: Top US Immigrant Groups by Countries/Regions of Birth and Age/Sex, and Immigrant Labor Force – MPI Data Hub – December 21, 2011

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