----- Forwarded Message -----
From: Yuji Tamura <ernad@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
To: nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Sent: Sunday, March 19, 2017 2:39 AM
Subject: [nep-mig] 2017-03-19, 18 papers
nep-mig 2017-03-19 papers
|
| nep-mig | New EconomicsPapers |
| on Economics of Human Migration |
| Issue of 2017‒03‒19
eighteen papers chosen by
Yuji Tamura
La Trobe University
http://econpapers.repec.org/pta90
| |
- Does International Migration HelpThem Marry earlier? A Hazard Model for
the Case of EgyptAndaDavid; Rana Hendy
- Taxing high-income earners: taxavoidance and mobilityAlejandro Esteller;
Amedeo Piolatto;Matthew D. Rablen
- Upward or Downward: OccupationalMobility and Return MigrationNelly
El-Mallakh; JacklineWahba
- Identifying macroeconomic effectsof refugee migration to GermanyWeber,
Enzo; Weigand,Roland
- THE EFFECT OF FAR RIGHT PARTIES ONTHE LOCATION CHOICE OF IMMIGRANTS:
EVIDENCE FROM LEGA NORDMAYORSEmanuele Bracco; Maria De Paola; Colin Green;
VincenzoScoppa
- Outmigration and incomeassimilation during the first post-EU-enlargement
migrants’ first decade inSwedenRuist, Joakim
- Immigration externalities,knowledge flows and brain gainErnest MIGUELEZ;
Claudia NOUMEDEMTEMGOUA
- Who is Afraid of the Brain Drain?A Development Economist’s ViewHillel
Rapoport
- Israel's Immigration Story:Globalization LessonsAssaf Razin
- International Remittances,Migration, and Primary Commodities in
FSGMStephenSnudden
- The “Migrant in theMarket†: Migration and Care Work Across Six Liberal
WelfareRegimesNaomi Lightman
- Determinants of Emigration:Evidence from EgyptAnda David; Joachim Jarreau
- Do International RemittancesAffect the Performance of Labor Market in
Jordan? An ImpiricalInvestigationGhazi Ibrahim Al-Assaf
- Social Status and PublicExpectations: Self-Selection of High-Skilled
MigrantsLumpe,Claudia; Lumpe, Christian
- Southwest As the New InternalMigration Destination in TurkeyAli T. Akarca;
AysitTansel
- Deciphering the Relationshipbetween Internal Migration and Regional
Disparities inTunisiaMohamed Amara; Hatem Jemmali
- Immigration and Income inequalityin SwedenRonja Grundsten
- Global integration and worldmigrationStark, Oded
- Does InternationalMigration Help Them Marry earlier? A Hazard Model for
the Case ofEgypt
| Date: | 2016-01-09 |
| By: | Anda David (Agence Française de Development, Paris, France) ;
RanaHendy |
| Marriage represents an important step of entering adulthoodin the
Egyptian society and its delayoften results in tensions and frustration among
youth. Considering migration asa predeterminedstrategy to reach a targeted
level of savings, we question whether havingmigrated helps shortenthe duration
to marriage in the case of Egypt. To the best of our knowledge, thepresent
studywill be the first to link the timing of migration to the timing of
marriage inthe case of Egypt.We find no effect of migration on the timing of
marriage, except within themigrant population. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1051&r=mig ;|
- Taxing high-incomeearners: tax avoidance and mobility
| Date: | 2017 |
| By: | Alejandro Esteller (Universitat de Barcelona & IEB) ;
AmedeoPiolatto (Universitat de Barcelona & IEB) ; Matthew D. Rablen (University
of Sheeld) |
| The taxation of high-income earners is of importance toevery country
and is the subject of aconsiderable amount of recent academic research. Such
high-income earnerscontribute substantialamounts of tax and generate
significant positive spillovers, but are also highlymobile: a 1%increase in the
top marginal income tax rate increases out-migrations by around1.5 to 3%.
Wereview research into taxation of high-income earners to provide a synthesis
ofexistingtheoretical and empirical understanding. We offer various avenues for
potentialfuture theoreticaland empirical research. |
| Keywords: | High-income earners, mobility, taxavoidance |
| JEL: | H26 H31 K34 K42 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ieb:wpaper:doc2017-06&r=mig ;|
- Upward orDownward: Occupational Mobility and ReturnMigration
| Date: | 2016-06 |
| By: | Nelly El-Mallakh ; JacklineWahba (University of Southampton) |
| We study the extent to which temporary overseas migrationenables
returnees to climb theoccupational ladder. Using data from Egypt, we examine
the occupational mobilityof returneesrelative to non-migrants for the same
labor market entrants’ cohort. We relyon instrumentalvariable approach but also
employ a Difference-in-Differences, as well asDifference-in-Differences
matching techniques to control for the endogeneity andselection intomigration.
We find evidence that return migration increases the probability ofupward
occupationalmobility. However, the results suggest that only highly educated
returnees climbthe occupationalladder after return. Our findings underscore the
role played by temporaryoverseas work experiencein dampening potential brain
drain concerns through the human capitalenhancement of high educatedreturn
migrants. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1010&r=mig ;|
- Identifyingmacroeconomic effects of refugee migration toGermany
| Date: | 2016 |
| By: | Weber, Enzo ; Weigand, Roland |
| This study investigates causal impacts of immigration on theGerman
economy, explicitlydistinguishing refugee and non-refugee migration. We propose
a macroeconometricmodelling approachcomplemented by IV techniques. We find that
non-refugee migration has morebeneficial medium-runeffects on GDP and the
labour market. |
| JEL: | F22 E24 C32 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc16:145941&r=mig ;|
- THE EFFECT OF FARRIGHT PARTIES ON THE LOCATION CHOICE OF IMMIGRANTS:
EVIDENCE FROM LEGA NORDMAYORS
| Date: | 2017-03 |
| By: | Emanuele Bracco ; Maria DePaola ; Colin Green ; Vincenzo
Scoppa (Dipartimento di Economia, Statistica e Finanza,Università della
Calabria) |
| Immigration has increasingly taken centre-stage in thepolitical
landscape. Part of this has beenrise in far-right, anti-immigration parties in
a range of countries. Existingevidence suggeststhat the presence of immigrants
has a substantial effect on the political viewsof the electorate,generating an
advantage to these parties with anti-immigration or nationalistplatforms.
Thispaper explores a closely related but overlooked issue: how immigrant
behavior isinfluenced bythese parties. We focus on immigrant location decisions
in Northern Italy whichhas seen the riseof the anti-immigration party Lega
Nord. We construct a dataset of mayoralelections in Italy forthe years
2002-2014, and calculate the effect of electing a mayor belonging to,or
supported byLega Nord. To identify this relationship we focus on mayors who
have beenelected with narrowmargins of victory in a Regression Discontinuity
framework. The election of LegaNord mayordiscourages immigrants from moving
into the municipality. |
| Keywords: | Immigration, Geographical Mobility, Voting Behavior,
Political economy,Regression Discontinuity Design |
| JEL: | J15 J61 D72 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:clb:wpaper:201701&r=mig ;|
- Outmigration andincome assimilation during the first post-EU-enlargement
migrants’ firstdecade in Sweden
| Date: | 2017-03 |
| By: | Ruist, Joakim (Department of Economics, School of
Business,Economics and Law, Göteborg University) |
| This study follows a random sample of 20% of the
earliestpost-EU-enlargement immigrants duringtheir first decade in Sweden,
studying their patterns of outmigration and incomeassimilation. Theresults show
that outmigration is low: around 80% appear to be still present inSweden during
thefull year 2013. Annual outmigration probabilities are near zero among
migrantsthat earned anincome that was at least high enough to live on in the
previous year. Thoseleaving Sweden arethus mostly “failed migrants”, who did
not manage to provide for themselves.Early income is farhigher for male than
for female migrants, with most females who live in couplesinitially earningzero
income. Yet after less than one decade the gender gap in income is notlarger
than that inthe total Swedish population of similar ages. Together with female
migrantsbeing better educatedwhen migrating, this indicates strong male
dominance in the migration decision,yet mostly so inthe short term: For
migration to happen, the short-term job opportunities of themale partner,
andthe longer-term prospects of the female, both needed to be favorable. |
| Keywords: | EU enlargement;migration; outmigration; income
assimilation; family migration |
| JEL: | F22J61 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:gunwpe:0696&r=mig ;|
- Immigrationexternalities, knowledge flows and brain gain
| Date: | 2017 |
| By: | Ernest MIGUELEZ ; Claudia NOUMEDEM TEMGOUA |
| This paper documents the influence of networks ofhighly-skilled
migrants on internationalknowledge flows. It adds to the growing literature on
highly-skilledinternational migration andits contribution to international
knowledge diffusion, in migrants’ home aswell as hostcountries. In particular,
it first explores knowledge feedbacks to homecountries generated bymigrant
inventors, a representative category of high-skilled migrants, most ofthem
scientists andengineers. Second, it investigates the knowledge inflows to host
countriesbrought by inventors.We test our hypothesis of a positive relationship
between knowledge flows andhighly skilledmigration in a country-pair gravity
model setting, for the period 1990-2010,using patentcitations across countries
as a measure of international knowledge diffusion.Our results confirmour
initial assumption on the positive impact of highly skilled migrants
onknowledge flows totheir homelands as well as to their host countries. We find
doubling the numberof inventors of agiven nationality at a destination country,
leads to an 8.3% increase inknowledge outflows totheir home economy from that
same host land; while a similar increase in thenumber of migrantinventors
produces a 6% increase in the knowledge inflows to the hosteconomy. |
| Keywords: | migration, brain gain,diaspora, diffusion, inventors,
patents, PCT patents |
| JEL: | C8 J61 O31 O33 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:grt:wpegrt:2017-07&r=mig ;|
- Who is Afraid ofthe Brain Drain? A Development Economist’s View
| Date: | 2017-02 |
| By: | Hillel Rapoport |
| In “Debating Brain Drain”, Brock and Blake (2015)discuss the pros and
cons of high-skill mobilityprevention to curb the brain drain from developing
countries from a legal andpoliticalperspective. I complement this discussion
with the insights from recent economicresearch on braindrain, globalization and
development. Two main results are emphasized: the factthat
educationalinvestments are higher when high-skill migration is not constrained,
and therole of skilleddiasporas in promoting the integration of migrants’ home
countries into theglobal economy. Bothresults strengthen the rationale for
letting skilled people go. |
| Keywords: | BrainDrain;Migration;Globalization;Development |
| JEL: | F21 F22 F63 J61 O11 O15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cii:cepipb:2017-14&r=mig ;|
- Israel'sImmigration Story: Globalization Lessons
| Date: | 2017-03 |
| By: | Assaf Razin |
| The exodus of Soviet Jews to Israel in the 1990s was aunique event. The
extraordinary experienceof Israel, which has received migrants from the Former
Soviet Union (FSU) at therate of 17percent of its population, within a short
time, is also relevant for the currentdebate aboutmigration and globalization.
The immigration wave was distinctive for its largehigh skilledcohort, and its
quick integration into the domestic labor market. Among variousethnic groups
theFSU immigrants ranked at the top of intergenerational upward
mobility.Immigration also changedthe entire economic landscape: it raised
productivity, underpinningtechnological prowess, and hadsignificant impact on
income inequality and the level of redistribution inIsrael’s welfare state. |
| JEL: | F02 F22 J1 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:23210&r=mig ;|
- InternationalRemittances, Migration, and Primary Commodities inFSGM
| Date: | 2017-01-30 |
| By: | Stephen Snudden |
| This paper adds international migration and remittances intothe IMF’s
Flexible System of GlobalModels (FSGM). FSGM is a global general equilibrium
model with endogenousprimary commoditymarkets. A method to estimate the
structural dynamics of major remitter regionsis proposed. Thedynamics of
remittances and migration in FSGM are calibrated to be consistentwith the
mainstylized facts of the empirical estimates. Structural disturbances
pertinent tocurrent globalremittance flows are examined. These disturbances
include disruptions to oilsupply, outputvariation in Europe and the United
States, labor nationalization policies inSaudi Arabia, and aglobal reduction in
the cost to remit. The multilateral framework illustrateshow remittanceinflows
need not originate from the region with the underlying economicdisturbance but
can arisefrom third party remitter regions affected by global commodity
markets. Theresults alsoillustrate that the correlation of remittance inflows
and the real GDP oflabor-exportingeconomies can be either positively or
negatively correlated. The evidencesuggests that thebehavioral incentive to
migrate and remit cannot be deduced from correlations ofreal GDP andremittance
inflows. |
| Keywords: |
Remittances;Migrations;Labordemand;Commodities;Oil;Commodity markets;Structural
vectorautoregression;General equilibrium models;International Migration;
Remittances;Macroeconomic Interdependence; Oil Price. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:17/20&r=mig ;|
- The“Migrant in the Market†: Migration and Care Work Across Six
LiberalWelfare Regimes
| Date: | 2016-11 |
| By: | Naomi Lightman |
| This article disaggregates high and low status care work,based on the
degree of “socialclosure†in a given caring occupation, across six liberal
welfare regimes:Australia, Canada,Ireland, Israel, the United Kingdom, and the
United States. Bolstering theargument that there isa “migrant in the marketâ€
model of employment unique to liberalwelfare regimes, the datademonstrate that
foreign-born individuals are more likely to perform low status,precarious
carework within each country than the native-born and that migrant
workersexperience an overall wagepenalty in the labour force, as well as there
being an additional penalty forthose who performservice work in the realms of
education and health. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lis:liswps:682&r=mig ;|
- Determinants ofEmigration: Evidence from Egypt
| Date: | 2016-04 |
| By: | Anda David (PSL Université Paris Dauphine) ; JoachimJarreau |
| This paper analyzes the determinants of emigration at theindividual and
household level, usingthree waves of the Egyptian labor market panel survey
(ELMPS) covering the1998-2012 period.Exploiting the panel structure of the data
allows us to reduce the risk ofreverse causality, andto estimate the effect of
migrant networks more accurately than in existingstudies based
oncross-sectional data. We confirm, in the Egyptian context, that migrants
abroadare positivelyselected on the wealth of the origin household, due to
migration costs; and thatthe growth of anetwork of past emigrants from the same
community mitigates this positiveselection, increasingthe propensity to migrate
among poorer households. We also offer a novel insighton the linkagesbetween
emigration decision and home country’s labor market conditions. Weshow that
unemploymentand informal employment appear as the main incentives to emigrate.
This suggeststhat the scarcityof “quality jobs”, in particular on the skilled
labor market, is oneimportant factor drivingemigration flows in Egypt. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:987&r=mig ;|
- Do InternationalRemittances Affect the Performance of Labor Market in
Jordan? An ImpiricalInvestigation
| Date: | 2016-06 |
| By: | Ghazi Ibrahim Al-Assaf (Business Economics
Department,University of Jordan) |
| The current study examines the effect of internationalremittances on
labor supply decisions ofwomen and men left behind in Jordan. The study draws
on micro-data from theJordan Labor MarketPanel Survey in 2010, a nationally
representative survey, and addresses theendogeneity ofreceiving remittances
through an Instrumental Variable (IV) approach. Theempirical resultsindicate
that remittances are found to have a negative and significant impact onthe
labor supplyof both women and men. On average, women who live in
remittance-receivinghouseholds are about 5%points less likely to perform any
market work, 3% points less likely to be inwage employment andabout 8% points
less likely to be engaged in own work. On the other hand, menwho live
inremittance receiving household are about 25% points less likely to perform
anymarket work, 5%points less likely to be in wage employment and about 10%
points less likely tobe engaged in ownwork. When we instrument for remittance
receipt of the household, the effect ofremittances onlikelihood to work is
found larger for both women and men. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1014&r=mig ;|
- Social Status andPublic Expectations: Self-Selection of
High-SkilledMigrants
| Date: | 2016 |
| By: | Lumpe, Claudia ; Lumpe,Christian |
| We analyze public expectations about migrants' provision ofwork effort
as a driving force in theself-selection process of high-skilled migrants. We
adopt and extend Piketty's(1998) theoreticalframework of social status and work
out how country-specific public expectationsaffect themigrants' choice about
their country of destination. As a result, we relateGermany's attested
lowattractiveness for high-skilled immigrants to its society's attitudes
towardsimmigrants. Wedevelop measures to increase Germany's attractiveness in
the competition abouttalents. |
| JEL: | F22 F16 F66 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc16:145685&r=mig ;|
- Southwest As theNew Internal Migration Destination in Turkey
| Date: | 2016-05 |
| By: | Ali T. Akarca ; AysitTansel (Middle East Technical University)
|
| Antalya and Mugla provinces located in southwestern Turkeyhave emerged
as new magnets forinternal migration in the country. Socio-economic,
demographic and labor marketcharacteristics ofimmigrants coming to these two
provinces from various regions are studied touncover the reasonsfueling their
moves. This is accomplished through an analysis of descriptivestatistics, and
ananalysis of a gravity model estimated. Differences and similarities
betweenimmigrants coming tothese two provinces and those going to other migrant
magnets, between immigrantsand natives inAntalya and Mugla, and among
immigrants coming to the two provinces from variousorigins arenoted. What
distinguishes Antalya and Mugla from other migrant-drawing provincesis that
theyattract some retirees and university students as well and their
immigrantsparticipating in thelabor force are attracted mainly by jobs created
in the sectors related totourism, eitherdirectly or indirectly, rather than
industry. Immigrants from different originsexhibit differentcharacteristics and
tend to specialize in different types of jobs. However, asother migrantflows,
those directed at Antalya and Mugla are affected by distance adverselyand by
unemploymentdifferential, past migration and population size at origin,
favorably. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:997&r=mig ;|
- Deciphering theRelationship between Internal Migration and Regional
Disparities inTunisia
| Date: | 2016-01-09 |
| By: | Mohamed Amara ; HatemJemmali (University of Sousse) |
| This paper analysis the key factors that shapeinter-governorates
migration in Tunisia, focusingmainly on the role of distance, labor market
characteristics, human capital andper capitaexpenditure in driving migration
flows. It uses basic and extended gravity modelas well as thePoisson
pseudo-maximum-likelihood model for modelling migration data extractedfrom the
2004census. The main findings reveal that, as expected, inter-governorate
migrationsin Tunisia areaffected by high population size at the origin and
destination, highunemployment rate at theorigin, low unemployment rate at the
destination. The paper’s results suggestas well thatmigrations flows are
affected negatively by high job vacancies availability andper capitaexpenditure
at the origin. However, the contribution of wage and human capitalvariables in
theexplanation of migration was not significant. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1043&r=mig ;|
- Immigration andIncome inequality in Sweden
| Date: | 2015-07 |
| By: | Ronja Grundsten |
| Income inequality has been on the rise in manyindustrialised countries
since around the 1980’s.In Sweden the increase of income inequality has been
particularly large. This inspite ofSweden’s extensive redistribution system
and public policy thatprioritize equality among itspopulation. This paper
investigates a potential factor for the rise ininequality that is yetfairly
unexplored, namely immigration. As inequality has increased in Sweden, sohas
alsoimmigration. Sweden experienced large refugee inflows after the
1970’s,the largest flowconsisting of circa 100 000 Yugoslavs during the
Bosnian war. This studyprovides indications onwhat way immigration shapes the
income distribution and lays the ground forprospective studies.Results show
that the inflow of new migrants during the early 1990’s inSweden raises
incomeinequality and it is almost entirely due to increased dispersion in the
lowertail of the incomedistribution. |
| Keywords: | income inequality, disposable income, immigration,
political refugee,demographic shifts, Sweden |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lis:liswps:638&r=mig ;|
- Globalintegration and world migration
| Date: | 2017-02 |
| By: | Stark, Oded |
| This paper explores the following chain of conjectures:rising use of
the internet, the widespreadaccess to global information, and intensified
communication between regions andcountries broughtabout, for example, by
intensified trade links bring about expansion ofpeople’s social space andtheir
set of comparators; this expansion increases people’s stress andstrengthens
theirinclination to resort to migration as a means of reducing this
heightenedstress. Other thingsheld constant, the expansion of people’s social
space intensifies theirinclination to move acrossgeographical space. |
| Keywords: | Expansion of social space, Relative
deprivation,Migration, Labor and Human Capital, A12, A14, B41, D01, F15, F22,
J61, O15,Z13, |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:ubzefd:253885&r=mig ;|
This nep-mig issue comes without anyexpress or implied warranty. You may
contact the editor by reply to thismail. General information on the NEP project
can be found at http://nep.repec.org. For comments please writeto the director ;
of NEP, Marco Novarese at < director @ nep pointrepec point org >.Use
http://lists.repec.org/mailman/options/nep-migto sign ;
off._______________________________________________
nep-mig mailing list
nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
http://lists.repec.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/nep-mig
_______________________________________________
nep-mig mailing list
nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
http://lists.repec.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/nep-mignep-mig New Economics Papers on Economics of Human Migration
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
Issue of 2017â03â19 â
eighteen papers chosen by â
Yuji Tamura (La Trobe â
University) â
â
â
http://ep.repec.org/pta90 â
âââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
1. Does International Migration Help Them Marry earlier? A Hazard Model for
the Case of Egypt
Anda David; Rana Hendy
2. Taxing high-income earners: tax avoidance and mobility
Alejandro Esteller; Amedeo Piolatto; Matthew D. Rablen
3. Upward or Downward: Occupational Mobility and Return Migration
Nelly El-Mallakh; Jackline Wahba
4. Identifying macroeconomic effects of refugee migration to Germany
Weber, Enzo; Weigand, Roland
5. THE EFFECT OF FAR RIGHT PARTIES ON THE LOCATION CHOICE OF IMMIGRANTS:
EVIDENCE FROM LEGA NORD MAYORS
Emanuele Bracco; Maria De Paola; Colin Green; Vincenzo Scoppa
6. Outmigration and income assimilation during the first post-EU-enlargement
migrantsâ first decade in Sweden
Ruist, Joakim
7. Immigration externalities, knowledge flows and brain gain
Ernest MIGUELEZ; Claudia NOUMEDEM TEMGOUA
8. Who is Afraid of the Brain Drain? A Development Economistâs View
Hillel Rapoport
9. Israel's Immigration Story: Globalization Lessons
Assaf Razin
10. International Remittances, Migration, and Primary Commodities in FSGM
Stephen Snudden
11. The ââ¬ÅMigrant in the Marketâ⬠: Migration and Care Work Across Six
Liberal Welfare Regimes
Naomi Lightman
12. Determinants of Emigration: Evidence from Egypt
Anda David; Joachim Jarreau
13. Do International Remittances Affect the Performance of Labor Market in
Jordan? An Impirical Investigation
Ghazi Ibrahim Al-Assaf
14. Social Status and Public Expectations: Self-Selection of High-Skilled
Migrants
Lumpe, Claudia; Lumpe, Christian
15. Southwest As the New Internal Migration Destination in Turkey
Ali T. Akarca; Aysit Tansel
16. Deciphering the Relationship between Internal Migration and Regional
Disparities in Tunisia
Mohamed Amara; Hatem Jemmali
17. Immigration and Income inequality in Sweden
Ronja Grundsten
18. Global integration and world migration
Stark, Oded
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
1. Does International Migration Help Them Marry earlier? A Hazard Model for
the Case of Egypt
Anda David (Agence Française de Development, Paris, France)
Rana Hendy
Marriage represents an important step of entering adulthood in the Egyptian
society and its delay often results in tensions and frustration among youth.
Considering migration as a predetermined strategy to reach a targeted level
of savings, we question whether having migrated helps shorten the duration to
marriage in the case of Egypt. To the best of our knowledge, the present
study will be the first to link the timing of migration to the timing of
marriage in the case of Egypt. We find no effect of migration on the timing
of marriage, except within the migrant population.
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1051&r=mig
2. Taxing high-income earners: tax avoidance and mobility
Alejandro Esteller (Universitat de Barcelona & IEB)
Amedeo Piolatto (Universitat de Barcelona & IEB)
Matthew D. Rablen (University of Sheeld)
The taxation of high-income earners is of importance to every country and is
the subject of a considerable amount of recent academic research. Such
high-income earners contribute substantial amounts of tax and generate
significant positive spillovers, but are also highly mobile: a 1% increase in
the top marginal income tax rate increases out-migrations by around 1.5 to
3%. We review research into taxation of high-income earners to provide a
synthesis of existing theoretical and empirical understanding. We offer
various avenues for potential future theoretical and empirical research.
Keywords: High-income earners, mobility, tax avoidance
JEL: H26 H31 K34 K42
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ieb:wpaper:doc2017-06&r=mig
3. Upward or Downward: Occupational Mobility and Return Migration
Nelly El-Mallakh
Jackline Wahba (University of Southampton)
We study the extent to which temporary overseas migration enables returnees
to climb the occupational ladder. Using data from Egypt, we examine the
occupational mobility of returnees relative to non-migrants for the same
labor market entrantsâ cohort. We rely on instrumental variable approach but
also employ a Difference-in-Differences, as well as Difference-in-Differences
matching techniques to control for the endogeneity and selection into
migration. We find evidence that return migration increases the probability
of upward occupational mobility. However, the results suggest that only
highly educated returnees climb the occupational ladder after return. Our
findings underscore the role played by temporary overseas work experience in
dampening potential brain drain concerns through the human capital
enhancement of high educated return migrants.
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1010&r=mig
4. Identifying macroeconomic effects of refugee migration to Germany
Weber, Enzo
Weigand, Roland
This study investigates causal impacts of immigration on the German economy,
explicitly distinguishing refugee and non-refugee migration. We propose a
macroeconometric modelling approach complemented by IV techniques. We find
that non-refugee migration has more beneficial medium-run effects on GDP and
the labour market.
JEL: F22 E24 C32
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc16:145941&r=mig
5. THE EFFECT OF FAR RIGHT PARTIES ON THE LOCATION CHOICE OF IMMIGRANTS:
EVIDENCE FROM LEGA NORD MAYORS
Emanuele Bracco
Maria De Paola
Colin Green
Vincenzo Scoppa (Dipartimento di Economia, Statistica e Finanza,
Università della Calabria)
Immigration has increasingly taken centre-stage in the political landscape.
Part of this has been rise in far-right, anti-immigration parties in a range
of countries. Existing evidence suggests that the presence of immigrants has
a substantial effect on the political views of the electorate, generating an
advantage to these parties with anti-immigration or nationalist platforms.
This paper explores a closely related but overlooked issue: how immigrant
behavior is influenced by these parties. We focus on immigrant location
decisions in Northern Italy which has seen the rise of the anti-immigration
party Lega Nord. We construct a dataset of mayoral elections in Italy for the
years 2002-2014, and calculate the effect of electing a mayor belonging to,
or supported by Lega Nord. To identify this relationship we focus on mayors
who have been elected with narrow margins of victory in a Regression
Discontinuity framework. The election of Lega Nord mayor discourages
immigrants from moving into the municipality.
Keywords: Immigration, Geographical Mobility, Voting Behavior, Political
economy, Regression Discontinuity Design
JEL: J15 J61 D72
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:clb:wpaper:201701&r=mig
6. Outmigration and income assimilation during the first post-EU-enlargement
migrantsâ first decade in Sweden
Ruist, Joakim (Department of Economics, School of Business, Economics and
Law, Göteborg University)
This study follows a random sample of 20% of the earliest post-EU-enlargement
immigrants during their first decade in Sweden, studying their patterns of
outmigration and income assimilation. The results show that outmigration is
low: around 80% appear to be still present in Sweden during the full year
2013. Annual outmigration probabilities are near zero among migrants that
earned an income that was at least high enough to live on in the previous
year. Those leaving Sweden are thus mostly âfailed migrantsâ, who did not
manage to provide for themselves. Early income is far higher for male than
for female migrants, with most females who live in couples initially earning
zero income. Yet after less than one decade the gender gap in income is not
larger than that in the total Swedish population of similar ages. Together
with female migrants being better educated when migrating, this indicates
strong male dominance in the migration decision, yet mostly so in the short
term: For migration to happen, the short-term job opportunities of the male
partner, and the longer-term prospects of the female, both needed to be
favorable.
Keywords: EU enlargement; migration; outmigration; income assimilation;
family migration
JEL: F22 J61
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:gunwpe:0696&r=mig
7. Immigration externalities, knowledge flows and brain gain
Ernest MIGUELEZ
Claudia NOUMEDEM TEMGOUA
This paper documents the influence of networks of highly-skilled migrants on
international knowledge flows. It adds to the growing literature on
highly-skilled international migration and its contribution to international
knowledge diffusion, in migrantsâ home as well as host countries. In
particular, it first explores knowledge feedbacks to home countries generated
by migrant inventors, a representative category of high-skilled migrants,
most of them scientists and engineers. Second, it investigates the knowledge
inflows to host countries brought by inventors. We test our hypothesis of a
positive relationship between knowledge flows and highly skilled migration in
a country-pair gravity model setting, for the period 1990-2010, using patent
citations across countries as a measure of international knowledge diffusion.
Our results confirm our initial assumption on the positive impact of highly
skilled migrants on knowledge flows to their homelands as well as to their
host countries. We find doubling the number of inventors of a given
nationality at a destination country, leads to an 8.3% increase in knowledge
outflows to their home economy from that same host land; while a similar
increase in the number of migrant inventors produces a 6% increase in the
knowledge inflows to the host economy.
Keywords: migration, brain gain, diaspora, diffusion, inventors, patents,
PCT patents
JEL: C8 J61 O31 O33
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:grt:wpegrt:2017-07&r=mig
8. Who is Afraid of the Brain Drain? A Development Economistâs View
Hillel Rapoport
In âDebating Brain Drainâ, Brock and Blake (2015) discuss the pros and
cons
of high-skill mobility prevention to curb the brain drain from developing
countries from a legal and political perspective. I complement this
discussion with the insights from recent economic research on brain drain,
globalization and development. Two main results are emphasized: the fact that
educational investments are higher when high-skill migration is not
constrained, and the role of skilled diasporas in promoting the integration
of migrantsâ home countries into the global economy. Both results strengthen
the rationale for letting skilled people go.
Keywords: Brain Drain;Migration;Globalization;Devel
opment
JEL: F21 F22 F63 J61 O11 O15
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cii:cepipb:2017-14&r=mig
9. Israel's Immigration Story: Globalization Lessons
Assaf Razin
The exodus of Soviet Jews to Israel in the 1990s was a unique event. The
extraordinary experience of Israel, which has received migrants from the
Former Soviet Union (FSU) at the rate of 17 percent of its population, within
a short time, is also relevant for the current debate about migration and
globalization. The immigration wave was distinctive for its large high
skilled cohort, and its quick integration into the domestic labor market.
Among various ethnic groups the FSU immigrants ranked at the top of
intergenerational upward mobility. Immigration also changed the entire
economic landscape: it raised productivity, underpinning technological
prowess, and had significant impact on income inequality and the level of
redistribution in Israelâs welfare state.
JEL: F02 F22 J1
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:23210&r=mig
10. International Remittances, Migration, and Primary Commodities in FSGM
Stephen Snudden
This paper adds international migration and remittances into the IMFââ¬â¢s
Flexible System of Global Models (FSGM). FSGM is a global general equilibrium
model with endogenous primary commodity markets. A method to estimate the
structural dynamics of major remitter regions is proposed. The dynamics of
remittances and migration in FSGM are calibrated to be consistent with the
main stylized facts of the empirical estimates. Structural disturbances
pertinent to current global remittance flows are examined. These disturbances
include disruptions to oil supply, output variation in Europe and the United
States, labor nationalization policies in Saudi Arabia, and a global
reduction in the cost to remit. The multilateral framework illustrates how
remittance inflows need not originate from the region with the underlying
economic disturbance but can arise from third party remitter regions affected
by global commodity markets. The results also illustrate that the correlation
of remittance inflows and the real GDP of labor-exporting economies can be
either positively or negatively correlated. The evidence suggests that the
behavioral incentive to migrate and remit cannot be deduced from correlations
of real GDP and remittance inflows.
Keywords: Remittances;Migrations;Labor demand;Commodities;Oil;Commodity
markets;Structural vector autoregression;General equilibrium
models;International Migration; Remittances; Macroeconomic
Interdependence; Oil Price.
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:17/20&r=mig
11. The ââ¬ÅMigrant in the Marketâ⬠: Migration and Care Work Across Six
Liberal Welfare Regimes
Naomi Lightman
This article disaggregates high and low status care work, based on the degree
of ââ¬Åsocial closureâ⬠in a given caring occupation, across six liberal
welfare regimes: Australia, Canada, Ireland, Israel, the United Kingdom, and
the United States. Bolstering the argument that there is a ââ¬Åmigrant in
the
marketâ⬠model of employment unique to liberal welfare regimes, the data
demonstrate that foreign-born individuals are more likely to perform low
status, precarious care work within each country than the native-born and
that migrant workers experience an overall wage penalty in the labour force,
as well as there being an additional penalty for those who perform service
work in the realms of education and health.
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lis:liswps:682&r=mig
12. Determinants of Emigration: Evidence from Egypt
Anda David (PSL Université Paris Dauphine)
Joachim Jarreau
This paper analyzes the determinants of emigration at the individual and
household level, using three waves of the Egyptian labor market panel survey
(ELMPS) covering the 1998-2012 period. Exploiting the panel structure of the
data allows us to reduce the risk of reverse causality, and to estimate the
effect of migrant networks more accurately than in existing studies based on
cross-sectional data. We confirm, in the Egyptian context, that migrants
abroad are positively selected on the wealth of the origin household, due to
migration costs; and that the growth of a network of past emigrants from the
same community mitigates this positive selection, increasing the propensity
to migrate among poorer households. We also offer a novel insight on the
linkages between emigration decision and home countryâs labor market
conditions. We show that unemployment and informal employment appear as the
main incentives to emigrate. This suggests that the scarcity of âquality
jobsâ, in particular on the skilled labor market, is one important factor
driving emigration flows in Egypt.
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:987&r=mig
13. Do International Remittances Affect the Performance of Labor Market in
Jordan? An Impirical Investigation
Ghazi Ibrahim Al-Assaf (Business Economics Department, University of
Jordan)
The current study examines the effect of international remittances on labor
supply decisions of women and men left behind in Jordan. The study draws on
micro-data from the Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey in 2010, a nationally
representative survey, and addresses the endogeneity of receiving remittances
through an Instrumental Variable (IV) approach. The empirical results
indicate that remittances are found to have a negative and significant impact
on the labor supply of both women and men. On average, women who live in
remittance-receiving households are about 5% points less likely to perform
any market work, 3% points less likely to be in wage employment and about 8%
points less likely to be engaged in own work. On the other hand, men who live
in remittance receiving household are about 25% points less likely to perform
any market work, 5% points less likely to be in wage employment and about 10%
points less likely to be engaged in own work. When we instrument for
remittance receipt of the household, the effect of remittances on likelihood
to work is found larger for both women and men.
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1014&r=mig
14. Social Status and Public Expectations: Self-Selection of High-Skilled
Migrants
Lumpe, Claudia
Lumpe, Christian
We analyze public expectations about migrants' provision of work effort as a
driving force in the self-selection process of high-skilled migrants. We
adopt and extend Piketty's (1998) theoretical framework of social status and
work out how country-specific public expectations affect the migrants' choice
about their country of destination. As a result, we relate Germany's attested
low attractiveness for high-skilled immigrants to its society's attitudes
towards immigrants. We develop measures to increase Germany's attractiveness
in the competition about talents.
JEL: F22 F16 F66
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc16:145685&r=mig
15. Southwest As the New Internal Migration Destination in Turkey
Ali T. Akarca
Aysit Tansel (Middle East Technical University)
Antalya and Mugla provinces located in southwestern Turkey have emerged as
new magnets for internal migration in the country. Socio-economic,
demographic and labor market characteristics of immigrants coming to these
two provinces from various regions are studied to uncover the reasons fueling
their moves. This is accomplished through an analysis of descriptive
statistics, and an analysis of a gravity model estimated. Differences and
similarities between immigrants coming to these two provinces and those going
to other migrant magnets, between immigrants and natives in Antalya and
Mugla, and among immigrants coming to the two provinces from various origins
are noted. What distinguishes Antalya and Mugla from other migrant-drawing
provinces is that they attract some retirees and university students as well
and their immigrants participating in the labor force are attracted mainly by
jobs created in the sectors related to tourism, either directly or
indirectly, rather than industry. Immigrants from different origins exhibit
different characteristics and tend to specialize in different types of jobs.
However, as other migrant flows, those directed at Antalya and Mugla are
affected by distance adversely and by unemployment differential, past
migration and population size at origin, favorably.
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:997&r=mig
16. Deciphering the Relationship between Internal Migration and Regional
Disparities in Tunisia
Mohamed Amara
Hatem Jemmali (University of Sousse)
This paper analysis the key factors that shape inter-governorates migration
in Tunisia, focusing mainly on the role of distance, labor market
characteristics, human capital and per capita expenditure in driving
migration flows. It uses basic and extended gravity model as well as the
Poisson pseudo-maximum-likelihood model for modelling migration data
extracted from the 2004 census. The main findings reveal that, as expected,
inter-governorate migrations in Tunisia are affected by high population size
at the origin and destination, high unemployment rate at the origin, low
unemployment rate at the destination. The paperâs results suggest as well
that migrations flows are affected negatively by high job vacancies
availability and per capita expenditure at the origin. However, the
contribution of wage and human capital variables in the explanation of
migration was not significant.
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1043&r=mig
17. Immigration and Income inequality in Sweden
Ronja Grundsten
Income inequality has been on the rise in many industrialised countries since
around the 1980ââ¬â¢s. In Sweden the increase of income inequality has been
particularly large. This in spite of Swedenââ¬â¢s extensive redistribution
system and public policy that prioritize equality among its population. This
paper investigates a potential factor for the rise in inequality that is yet
fairly unexplored, namely immigration. As inequality has increased in Sweden,
so has also immigration. Sweden experienced large refugee inflows after the
1970ââ¬â¢s, the largest flow consisting of circa 100 000 Yugoslavs during
the
Bosnian war. This study provides indications on what way immigration shapes
the income distribution and lays the ground for prospective studies. Results
show that the inflow of new migrants during the early 1990ââ¬â¢s in Sweden
raises income inequality and it is almost entirely due to increased
dispersion in the lower tail of the income distribution.
Keywords: income inequality, disposable income, immigration, political
refugee, demographic shifts, Sweden
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lis:liswps:638&r=mig
18. Global integration and world migration
Stark, Oded
This paper explores the following chain of conjectures: rising use of the
internet, the widespread access to global information, and intensified
communication between regions and countries brought about, for example, by
intensified trade links bring about expansion of peopleâs social space and
their set of comparators; this expansion increases peopleâs stress and
strengthens their inclination to resort to migration as a means of reducing
this heightened stress. Other things held constant, the expansion of
peopleâs
social space intensifies their inclination to move across geographical space.
Keywords: Expansion of social space, Relative deprivation, Migration,
Labor and Human Capital, A12, A14, B41, D01, F15, F22, J61, O15, Z13,
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:ubzefd:253885&r=mig
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
This nep-mig issue comes without any express or implied warranty. You may
contact the editor by reply to this mail.
General information on the NEP project can be found at http://nep.repec.org. ;
For comments please write to the director of NEP, Marco Novarese at < director
@ nep point repec point org >.
Use http://lists.repec.org/mailman/options/nep-mig to sign off.
