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|
| nep-mig | New Economics Papers |
| on Economics of Human Migration |
| Issue of 2016‒02‒23
thirteen papers chosen by
Yuji Tamura
La Trobe University
http://econpapers.repec.org/pta90
| |
- Can parental migration reduce petty corruption in education?Höckel, Lisa
Sofie; Santos Silva, Manuel; Stöhr, Tobias
- Job Loss and Immigrant Labor Market PerformanceBratsberg, Bernt; Raaum,
Oddbjørn; Røed, Knut
- Ethnic Diversity and Well-BeingAkay, Alpaslan; Constant, Amelie F.;
Giulietti, Corrado; Guzi, Martin
- Intergenerational and Inter-Ethnic Well-Being: An Analysis for the
UKRichard Dorsett; Cinzia Rienzo; Martin Weale
- Return migration of high skilled workersFranses, Ph.H.B.F.
- The Impact of Internal Displacement on Destination Communities: Evidence
from the Colombian ConflictJuan S. Morales
- The Abyss of Complexity. Some Remarks on European and German Law in the
Migration CrisisSölter, Nicolas
- Migration Outflows and Optimal Migration Policy: Rules versus
DiscretionIsmael Issifou; Francesco Magris
- Internal Migration and Human Capital Theory: To What Extent Is It
SelectiveKorpi, Martin; Clark, William
- Do differences in international labor mobility lead to differences in the
fiscal multiplier? A theoretical approachPfammatter, Andrea Corina
- Macroeconomic fluctuations in home countries and immigrants’ well-being:
New evidence from Down UnderNguyen, Ha; Duncan, Alan
- Immigration and Economic Growth in the OECD Countries 1986-2006Ekrame
Boubtane; Jean-Christophe Dumont; C. Rault
- Donors' openness to immigration and the effectiveness of foreign
aidMinasyan, Anna; Nunnenkamp, Peter
- Can parental migration reduce petty corruption in education?
| Date: | 2015 |
| By: | Höckel, Lisa Sofie ; Santos Silva, Manuel ; Stöhr, Tobias |
| Educational outcomes of children are highly dependent on household and
schoollevel inputs. In poor countries, remittances from migrants can provide
additional funds for the education of the left behind. At the same time the
absence of migrant parents can affect families' time allocation towards
education. Previous work on education inputs often implicitly assumed that
preferences for different kinds of education inputs remain unchanged when
household members migrate. Using survey data from Moldova, one of the countries
with the highest emigration rates in the world, and an instrumental variable
approach we find that the strongest migration-related response in private
education expenditure are substantially lower informal payments to public
school teachers. This fact is at odds with a positive income effect due to
migration. We argue that our results are likely to be driven by changing
preferences towards educational inputs induced by migration.Die schulische
Leistung von Kindern hängt stark von deren Förderung durch Familie und Schule
ab. Gerade in einkommensschwachen Ländern können Rücksendungen (Remissionen)
ausgewanderter Familienmitglieder zusätzliche Mittel für die Bildung der in der
Heimat zurückgebliebenen Kinder bereitstellen. Zusätzlich zu diesem
Einkommenseffekt beeinflusst die Abwesenheit eines oder mehrerer
(ausgewanderter) Elternteile auch die Zeiteinteilung der Familien in Bezug auf
Bildung, so dass ein insgesamt negativer Effekt erzielt werden könnte. Viele
ökonomische Studien der schulischen Bildung setzen voraus, dass sich die
Präferenzen für unterschiedliche Bildungsinvestitionen trotz Migration nicht
verändern. In dieser Studie untersuchen wir Daten aus Moldawien, einem der
Länder mit der höchsten Emigrationsrate weltweit, mit einem
Instrumentalvariablenansatz. Wir gelangen zu dem Ergebnis, dass eine Reduktion
der informellen Zahlungen an Lehrer die stärkste migrationsbedingte Reaktion
der Haushalte in Bezug auf die Bildung ihrer Kinder ist. Da dies dem positiven
Einkommenseffekt durch Migration entgegenläuft, argumentieren wir, dass
Migration auch die Präferenzen für Bildungsinvestitionen verändert. |
| Keywords: | migration,emigration,education spending,social
remittances,corruption,children left behind |
| JEL: | F22 I22 D13 H52 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:rwirep:597&r=mig ;|
- Job Loss and Immigrant Labor Market Performance
| Date: | 2016-02 |
| By: | Bratsberg, Bernt (Ragnar Frisch Centre for Economic Research)
; Raaum, Oddbjørn (Ragnar Frisch Centre for Economic Research) ; Røed, Knut
(Ragnar Frisch Centre for Economic Research) |
| While integration policies typically focus on labor market entry, we
present evidence showing that immigrants from low‐income countries tend to have
more precarious jobs, and face more severe consequences of job loss, than
natives. For immigrant workers in the Norwegian private sector, the probability
of job loss in the near future is twice that of native workers. Using corporate
bankruptcy for identification, we find that the adverse effects of job loss on
future employment and earnings are more than twice as large for immigrant
employees. |
| Keywords: | migration, job loss, firm closure, unemployment |
| JEL: | F22 H55 J24 J65 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp9729&r=mig ;|
- Ethnic Diversity and Well-Being
| Date: | 2016-02 |
| By: | Akay, Alpaslan (University of Gothenburg) ; Constant, Amelie
F. (Temple University) ; Giulietti, Corrado (University of Southampton) ; Guzi,
Martin (Masaryk University) |
| This paper investigates how ethnic diversity, measured by the
immigrants' countries of origin, influences the well-being of the host country.
Using panel data from Germany for the period 1998 to 2012, we find a positive
effect of ethnic diversity on the well-being of German citizens. To corroborate
the robustness of our results, we estimate several alternative specifications
and investigate possible causality issues, including non-random selection of
natives and immigrants into regions. Finally, we explore productivity and
social capital as potential mechanisms behind our finding. |
| Keywords: | ethnic diversity, subjective well-being, assimilation,
multiculturality |
| JEL: | C90 D63 J61 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp9726&r=mig ;|
- Intergenerational and Inter-Ethnic Well-Being: An Analysis for the UK
| Date: | 2015-07 |
| By: | Richard Dorsett ; Cinzia Rienzo ; Martin Weale |
| This paper uses a UK nationally representative data set to examine the
extent to which family migration history helps explains inter-ethnic variations
in subjective well-being. We confirm that there is significant variation in
well-being across ethnic group and across migrant generations. On average,
recent migrants appear to have higher levels of well-being. We also find that,
while language difficulties are associated with lower well-being, retaining
cultural links is important: living in areas where one’s own ethnic group is
well represented and having friends from the same ethnic group is associated
with a higher level of well-being. Individuals’ choice to retain cultural ties
and identity may alleviate feelings of cultural distance and difficulties with
integration. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nsr:niesrd:451&r=mig ;|
- Return migration of high skilled workers
| Date: | 2015-01-19 |
| By: | Franses, Ph.H.B.F. |
| __Abstract__ In this paper we study the determinants of skilled return
migration from the Netherlands to Suriname. Based on a survey of Gibson and
McKenzie (2011) we managed to interview 283 former top students from Suriname.
This unique database is informative in various dimensions. High skilled workers
whose education was funded by a scholarship or by the parents are more likely
to return. They tend to choose for the country where their parents, lifepartner
and children live. Workers that perform management tasks and/or are in touch
with clients exhibit higher chances to live in the home country. One might
think of consultants or business managers. Furthermore we find that preferences
towards the Netherlands regarding salaries, job contentment, and safety, lower
the likelihood of opting for Suriname in the future. Facilitating high skilled
workers in Suriname helps to increase return migration, and policies aimed at
facilitating family members can also be beneficial. Scholarships and supply of
tertiary education in Suriname remain important. |
| Keywords: | return migration, brain drain, brain gain, high skilled,
tertiary education |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ems:eureir:78065&r=mig ;|
- The Impact of Internal Displacement on Destination Communities: Evidence
from the Colombian Conflict
| Date: | 2016-02 |
| By: | Juan S. Morales (Department of Economics, University of
Toronto) |
| More than ten percent of the population of Colombia has been forced to
migrate due to civil war. This study employs an enclave IV strategy, which
exploits social distance between origin and destination locations, as well as
conflict induced migration, to estimate the impact that the arrival of
displaced individuals has on local residents. I compare the effects on four
different subgroups of the population, partitioned by skill (low-skilled versus
high-skilled) and by gender. The analysis suggests that a conflict-induced
increase in population leads to a short-run negative impact on wages. Though
the impact tends to dissipate over time, it persists for one group, low-skilled
women. The arrival of internally displaced people also affects local access to
public goods, I find a negative effect on access to piped water, and a positive
effect on access to trash collection services. |
| Keywords: | civil conflict; migration; labour markets; public goods |
| JEL: | H41 J40 J61 O15 R23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hic:wpaper:209&r=mig ;|
- The Abyss of Complexity. Some Remarks on European and German Law in the
Migration Crisis
| Date: | 2016-02-09 |
| By: | Sölter, Nicolas |
| This article focusses on dysfunctions of European and German law in the
face of mass migration. In particular, it reflects the German debate on the
relation of domestic constitutional provisions and EU asylum law. |
| Keywords: | Law, Refugee Crisis, Migration Crisis, Dublin
Regulation, Temporary Protection Directive, Separation of Powers, Federal
Loyalty |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:bineur:qt4px3g37h&r=mig ;|
- Migration Outflows and Optimal Migration Policy: Rules versus Discretion
| Date: | 2015 |
| By: | Ismael Issifou (LEO - Laboratoire d'Economie d'Orléans - CNRS
- Université d'Orléans) ; Francesco Magris (Universite´ Francois Rabelais de
Tours - Universite´ Francois Rabelais de Tours, LEO - Laboratoire d'Economie
d'Orléans - CNRS - Université d'Orléans) |
| We study the effects of more open borders on return migration and show
that migrants are more likely to return to the origin country when migration
rules are softer, because this implies that they could more easily re-migrate
if return migration is unsuccessful. As a result, softening migration rules
leads to lower net in ows than generally acknowledged. We show that if
government follows rules to shape the optimal migration policy, it will chose
more open borders than in the case its behavior is discretionary. However, this
requires an appropriate commitment technology. We show that electoral
accountability may be a solution of the commitment problem. As a matter of
fact, observed softer immigration rules in western countries suggest the
effectiveness of such a mechanism.Cet article analyse les effets d'une
politique souple de fermeture des frontières sur la migration retour. Nos
résultats montrent que les migrants sont plus incités à retourner dans leur
pays d'origine lorsque les politiques migratoires sont souples, leur
garantissant ainsi la possibilité de re-émigrer en cas de chocs adverses dans
le pays d'origine. Jusqu'alors méconnu, les politiques migratoires moins
restrictives réduisent les flux nets de migrants. Aussi, la politique
migratoire optimale définie par un gouvernement sous une politique de règle est
plus souple qu'elle le serait si le même gouvernement adoptait une politique
discrétionnaire. Par ailleurs, des pays d'origine plus stables sont profitables
à la fois aux pays de destination par un faible de stock de migrants et aux
migrants par une forte productivité du travail dans leur pays d'origine. |
| Keywords: | Migration Return, Optimal Migration Policy, Time Consis-
tency |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01251421&r=mig ;
|
- Internal Migration and Human Capital Theory: To What Extent Is It
Selective
| Date: | 2014-12-31 |
| By: | Korpi, Martin (The Ratio institute) ; Clark, William (UCLA) |
| Empirical studies of international labor migration, modelling average
outcomes, suggest migrants move to enhance returns to their labor. In contrast,
major international surveys show less than a third of internal migrants as
motivated by employment reasons. Using Swedish panel data for the years
2001-2009, this paper addresses this disconnect by examining the full
distribution of migrant income changes. Results from initial CEM matching and
quantile regression suggest that large returns to internal migration are mostly
captured by the higher educated. Much if not most of migration outcomes are
however a wash and indeed often negative in terms of pay – off. This suggests
models of average outcomes as insufficient in addressing human capital
motivated migration. |
| Keywords: | migration; human capital; labor mobility; urban rural |
| JEL: | J24 J31 J61 R12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:ratioi:0244&r=mig ;|
- Do differences in international labor mobility lead to differences in the
fiscal multiplier? A theoretical approach
| Date: | 2015-09-28 |
| By: | Pfammatter, Andrea Corina |
| A real business cycle economy with endogenous labor supply and
heterogeneous households is modeled. I allow for different degrees of labor
migration to assess potential differences in the effects of changes in
government consumption on aggregate economic activity. I argue that a
relatively elastic labor migration with respect to economic activity may have a
positive effect on the effectiveness of fiscal policy because labor migration
may influence labor market adjustments after a positive government consumption
shock. The findings suggest that there is a positive relationship between labor
migration elasticity and the size of the fiscal multiplier. However, whether
the relationship is economically meaningful is uncertain and requires further
research. |
| Keywords: | Fiscal multiplier, fiscal policy, RBC model,
international labor migration |
| JEL: | F22 F44 H3 J61 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:68955&r=mig ;|
- Macroeconomic fluctuations in home countries and immigrants’ well-being:
New evidence from Down Under
| Date: | 2015-03 |
| By: | Nguyen, Ha ; Duncan, Alan |
| In this paper we provide the first solid empirical evidence that
improvements in home countries’ macroeconomic conditions, as measured by a
higher GDP per capita or lower price levels, increase immigrants’ subjective
well-being. We demonstrate this by using 12 years of data from the Household
Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia panel, as well as macroeconomic
indicators for 59 countries of origin, and exploiting exogenous changes in
macroeconomic conditions across home countries over time. Controlling for
immigrants’ observable and unobservable characteristics we also find the
positive GDP impact is statistically significant and economically large in
size. Furthermore, the GDP and price impact erodes when immigrants get older,
or when they stay in the host country beyond a certain period of time. However,
home countries’ unemployment rates and exchange rate fluctuations have no
impact on immigrants’ well-being. |
| Keywords: | GDP, unemployment, inflation, exchange rate, well-being,
immigrants, Australia |
| JEL: | F22 I31 J15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:69593&r=mig ;|
- Immigration and Economic Growth in the OECD Countries 1986-2006
| Date: | 2016-01-07 |
| By: | Ekrame Boubtane (CERDI - Centre d'études et de recherches sur
le developpement international - Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I -
CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) ; Jean-Christophe Dumont
(OECD - Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) ; C. Rault (LEO
- LEO - UO - Université d'Orléans) |
| This paper offers a reappraisal of the impact of migration on economic
growth for 22 OECD countries between 1986-2006 and relies on a unique data set
we compiled that allows us to distinguish net migration of the native - and
foreign - born populations by skill level. Specifically, after introducing
migration in an augmented Solow-Swan model, we estimate a dynamic panel model
using a system of generalized method of moments (SYS-GMM) to address the risk
of endogeneity bias in the migration variables. Two important findings emerge
from our analysis. First, there exists a positive impact of migrants' human
capital on GDP per capita, and second, a permanent increase in migration flows
has a positive effect on GDP per worker. Moreover, the growth impact of
immigration is high even in countries that have non-selective migration
policies. |
| Keywords: | Immigration , Growth , Human capital , Generalized
Methods of Moments |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01252406&r=mig ;
|
- Donors' openness to immigration and the effectiveness of foreign aid
| Date: | 2015 |
| By: | Minasyan, Anna ; Nunnenkamp, Peter |
| We argue that donors could improve the effectiveness of foreign aid by
pursuing complementary and coherent non-aid policies. In particular, we
hypothesize that aid from donors that are open to immigration has stronger
growth effects than aid from closed donors. We estimate the aid-growth nexus in
first differences to mitigate endogeneity concerns. Our empirical results
support the hypothesis that donors' openness to immigration strengthens the
growth effects of foreign aid. |
| Keywords: | aid effectiveness,migration,remittances,economic growth |
| JEL: | F35 F24 O11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ifwkwp:1983&r=mig ;|
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