Josh: So am I to understand that "computational nominalism" is your theory in the making? And that it is a book you are working on (did you say with others)? And that it is not ready yet to provide a helpful example of what is one versus what isn't one, in terms of how a person would behave in the world? (The cat on the mat is no different from the Cat in the Hat -- there is no real problem for philosophy or science here). For example, if you say to an "idealist," what does it mean? You get some sort of talk about the tree being in your mind. And if you talk to a realist, you get some attempt to "prove" that "the tree is there' when the grammar of such assertions never have anything to do with proving anything, anyway. And so what you get out of this is an allegiance game for philosophy students. Political science students do the same thing with politics. Really, these things are nothing but social-club ideologies. Whenever you can figure it out, tell me what a "computational nominalist" says about the tree. One more thing regarding your counter-example of not believing in feet. If one doesn't believe in feet, it is, in fact, the same exact sort of thing as not believing in "computational nominalism" as I understand the matter. Because in both cases, one has to account for what one does in the experience of life, no matter what one calls it. And if I meet a human not suffering any deformity or illness who says to me "I don't believe in feet" -- as if to deny their existence -- I would treat it precisely the same as one who said, "the tree isn't there" or "I'm a computational nominalist." All of these replies I would only meet with, "I root for the Steelers." If, however, you are chasing a scientific theory, then the matter would be different. You wouldn't have an example to give about the tree; you would have some sort of brain-process argument that exists as a theory in some research program that has such-and-such data to support the journalism. I don't have any issue with that. Gotta go -- Steelers are comiong on! ... aaahhh Dr. Sean Wilson, Esq. Assistant Professor Wright State University Redesigned Website: http://seanwilson.org SSRN papers: http://ssrn.com/author=596860 Twitter: http://twitter.com/seanwilsonorg Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/seanwilsonorg New Discussion Group: http://seanwilson.org/wittgenstein.discussion.html