In the current versions of Windows, the registry has the HKCU\Software\Microsoft\MultiMedia\SoundMapper section where you can specify the device for playback and the device for recording. When an application starts, it will read those keys and default the output of its audio to that device, even if the keys change. This allows you to then change the keys, open up a new program, and have that new program use the new playback device. In essence, it allows you to specify which program outputs its audio to which soundcard or (helpful if you are using a component that does the playing of the audio but doesn't let you specify which device to output to), this forces it to the device you want. It looks like in Windows Vista, this key doesn't exist (or it may and it is just in a different location but it doesn't exist by default). I was wondering if there is a way to do something like an audio redirector for specific streams/programs. Example: Take the audio from one application and instead of it playing out of the device it is set to, capture the stream and redirect it to a different device. I don't know if it is possible on a stream level, but in Vista, it seems that the way they are changing things, it may/should be possible. Does anyone know if it can be done or if the soundmapper equivalent exists in vista? If anyone need further explanation, please let me know. Thank you, John