Hi Bob, You should be venting against the source of the problem; I had nothing to do with it. In fact, I have been arguing against the Pb-ban longer than anybody (I started at Oslo at the 1997 ISHM-Nordic) I know of—go to Brussels and make yourself heard, man. I would love nothing better than for the Pb-ban to be reversed—so why are you jumping on me? Because I am a consultant trying to help the industry? Getting rich!?—well that is a crock. That Table 1 comes straight out of IPC-SM-785 [the reference (10) is given] and was developed by that committee long before we had even a hit of this Pb-ban idiocy. It saw some slight modifications over the years, but you will find that table in many IPC documents. The years of service are essentially based on the warranty periods offered by the various consumer product vendors—this may be sad, but there is nothing sinister here. All you have to look at are the various class action law suites that exist—against GM (3 year warranty) with its windshield wiper controls failures [by the way, do you really think GM was happy to be forced by NHTSA to recall over 4 million high-end SUVs and trucks?], Sony (1 year warranty) with its Vaio laptop failures, and the list goes on. If you would have taken the trouble to find out when that paper was published, you would have noted that the date was 1995. Nobody talked about tin whiskers then. Further, tin whiskers, while related to tin, are not really a solder joint reliability issue—it is an overall electronic products reliability issue. "You have confirmed our suspicions; Gabriele is correct."—where the heck are you coming from ? "Quite frankly, I guess most of us here on this forum are not be surprised at your figures. We suspected something like this was behind RoHS."—what the heck does this mean? Where do you see me extrapoating in Table 1? First, it is not MY table; second, on automobiles see above; third, do you know that on the first repair mission (that is in 1993 after a 1990 launch= 3 years) to the Hubble Telescope most of the electronics had to be swappewd out because of solder joint failures? Unfortuantely, in the end, it is always the consumer that winds up paying for the mistakes of politicians, bureaucrats, and/or managers. Not at all understanding where you are coming from, Werner Engelmaier Engelmaier Associates, L.C. Electronic Packaging, Interconnection and Reliability Consulting 7 Jasmine Run Ormond Beach, FL 32174 USA Phone: 386-437-8747, Cell: 386-316-5904 E-mail: Engelmaier@xxxxxxx, Website: www.engelmaier.com ************** Get trade secrets for amazing burgers. Watch "Cooking with Tyler Florence" on AOL Food. (http://food.aol.com/tyler-florence?video=4?& NCID=aolfod00030000000002)