Anil... Of the commonly used microwave and RF boards, FR4 and other cheap materials have the highest dielectric loss. Ceramics such as 99.4% alumina are in the middle, and certain organics such as Teflon based boards have the lowest. Dielectric losses dominate the total loss picture at microwave frequencies. The reason ceramics are used (so called MIC or microwave integrated circuits) is twofold. First, they are sometimes chosen for high temperature processing (die attach, wire bond). This permits semiconductors to be used without packages, greatly reducing parasitic reactances and permitting wider bandwidths. There is no way one can make a 6 - 18 GHz GaAs FET amplifier using packaged FETs. Second, the high dielectric constant of alumina (around ten) shrinks the size of distributed transmission line structures such as backward wave couplers. Ray ------------------------------------------------------ Raymond W. Waugh - WSD Applications Engineering E-mail: ray_waugh@xxxxxxxxxxx USPS : Wireless Semiconductor Division 39201 Cherry Street, MS NK20 Newark, California 94560 ------------------------------------------------------ -----Original Message----- From: Anil Pannikkat <APANNIKK@xxxxxxxxxx> To: si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx <si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Date: Monday, September 17, 2001 4:43 PM Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: Use of Ceramic substrates at High Frequencies Hello This might be a very naive question, but can anyone please tell me as to why ceramic substrates are used so much in the microwave world as compared to organic substrates. I know the dielectric loss in ceramic substrates is much lower than the organic substrates, but the skin resistance in ceramic substrates (due to W metallization) is much higher. So why is the dielectric loss more important than skin R?. Or is the choice more due to other factors such as cost? Thanks Anil Anil Pannikkat MTS Package Development Ph : 408-544-7542 Altera Corporation Fax: 408-544-6419 101, Innovation Drive, M/S 4101 Email: apannikk@xxxxxxxxxx San Jose, CA 95134 WWW: http://www.altera.com ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu