Hello SI experts... I am interested to find out how such tools as Cadence PCB SI and other good time domain SI tools perform time domain simulation and include frequency dependent effects such as skin effect, dielectric conductance, proximity effect etc. As is initial stab at understanding to include such effects one must tell the tool at which frequency we would like the simulation run and an internal 2D field solver will allocate appropriate parameters for skin effect etc at that frequency and then run waveforms through the model. In the time domain however surely there is little concept of a single frequency but we have bandwidth instead. So for a long run of 1's or 0's how would the tool cope with effects such as skin effect which change the resistance of the trace dependent on the signal passing the it which have varying rise times are 1 or 0 for long periods. Surely the tool cannot allocate a single resistance to the trace for instance to cover a 101010 pattern and a 111111 pattern? Your thoughts and corrections are very welcome please. Thanks in advance Mark ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List FAQ wiki page is located at: http://si-list.org/wiki/wiki.pl?Si-List_FAQ List technical documents are available at: http://www.si-list.org List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu