If overshoot is acceptable, also check whether the overshoot would be clamped. If the overshoot doesn't clamp, it could ring back and cause double-clocking. Clamping on overshoots is a form of termination too because it dissipates some of the energy. If the electrical length is a whole multiple of a quarter wavelength of the clock frequency or a low harmonic, and it is poorly terminated, you could see a build-up of energy and overshoot over a few cycles that exceeds what you might otherwise expect. This is one case where the frequency (not just the risetime) matters. Series termination includes the internal driver impedance. Occasionally (if rarely), the driver impedance is reasonably close to the transmission line impedance with no need for an additional resistor. Regards, Andy > I agree with Scott in principle, it all depends on the rise time of > the > oscillator and the length of the trace. However, there are some cases > where > there is an acceptable risk in not using a series term. (Checking > whether > the receiver can deal with the overshoot might not be a bad idea, > either.) ... ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu