Hello Wangshua, I hope this is your name... you didn't state it anywhere. First of all, please help us in helping you by simply asking questions that make sense just the first time reading. Some answers to what I think the question might have been: 1: Insertion loss for passive transmission systems is always below 0 and shows an overall downward slope with rising frequency. Return loss of Passive transmission systems rises with frequency beginning at very low magnitudes and never reaching 0. If you see something else, then the simulation, measurement or DUT has an error. 2: If you find passivity and causality errors, you can first check if you can live with them. If not, there are several mechanisms to remove these effects, but be aware that these techniques CHANGE your data (might be a small change, but still). Most High performing Simulators automatically enforce pasivity and causality. 3: If you need to transform the S-parameters into time domain (impulse response, TDR, TDT, statistical channel simulation...) Then you need the DC -Point. If you don't create one yourself, then the software will do it without letting you know how (engineers should know what happens and why, so I recommend to insert the DC point by hand). BR Gert This mail may contain much more information than initially requested. Please feel free to ignore as much as you can afford. ---------------------------------------- Absender ist HARTING Electronics GmbH & Co. KG; Sitz der Gesellschaft: Espelkamp; Registergericht: Bad Oeynhausen; Register-Nr.: HRA 5596; persönlich haftende Gesellschafterin: HARTING Electronics Management GmbH; Sitz der Komplementär-GmbH: Espelkamp; Registergericht der Komplementär-GmbH: Bad Oeynhausen; Register-Nr. der Komplementär-GmbH: HRB 8808; Geschäftsführer: Edgar-Peter Duening, Torsten Ratzmann, Dr. Alexander Rost -----Ursprüngliche Nachricht----- Von: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] Im Auftrag von wangsuhua Gesendet: Donnerstag, 29. März 2012 03:11 An: si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Betreff: [SI-LIST] about s parameter Dear all: I have three questions about s parameter 1.how insertion loss or return loss curver is correct 2. if my s parameter have some causality or passive error, how i do 3. use hfss extract via's model , sweep is 0~20ghz, do i need extract to dc 1ghzthank you very much! ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List forum is accessible at: http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List forum is accessible at: http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu