Ear infections: No one can see bacteria or yeast with their naked eye, we all wish we could. Signs of an ear infection include ANY of the following-foul smell, painful to the touch, shaking head or rubbing at face, thick debris when cleaned. If you have any of these signs your dog needs to be seen by a vet. Anything over the counter will NOT treat these ears. Bacteria can only be treated with antibiotics and yeast also need prescription medications. witch hazel and some other homeopathics work great for cleaning and helping with inflammation, but do NOT cure an infection. Also, do not use any alcohol or vinegar based cleaners in your dog's ears if you suspect an infection. Imagine pouring alcohol on an open cut-its painful. Most ear infection are in the outer or middle ear canals. Occassionally an inner ear infection can occur if the infection isn't taken care of when it first starts. This occurs by rupturing (partial or complete) of the ear drum. The bacteria or yeast then enter the inner ear and set up an infection around the nerves and blood vessels of the inner ear. There are 7 nerves that run through the inner ear and if damaged can cause neurologic signs, facial paralysis, damage to the blinking reflex, among others and these can be permanent. An appropriate antibiotic needs to be used based on culture and sensitivity. Also several common ear medications-otomax and mometamax are ototoxic to the inner ear and cannot be used if the ear drum is ruptured. Another reason to see your vet. Lepto vaccines should be given to every dog once a year. If you have ever watched a dog die of lepto or even seen one being treated (average costs are $3000+) and your dog may not survive, you would want to give the vaccine. The side effects and the amount of adverse reactions are very small compared to the number of reactions to other medications and even other vaccines. If your dog has an immunologic problem ie. is immunosuppressed (from chemo, radiation or an autoimmune disease) or is pregnant, are the only 2 reasons not to give the vaccine. Hope this helps. Katie Halfen DVM Casamoko Shepherds www.casamoko.com _________________________________________________________________ The New Busy think 9 to 5 is a cute idea. Combine multiple calendars with Hotmail. http://www.windowslive.com/campaign/thenewbusy?tile=multicalendar&ocid=PID28326::T:WLMTAGL:ON:WL:en-US:WM_HMP:042010_5 ============================================================================ POST is Copyrighted 2010. All material remains the property of the original author and of GSD Communication, Inc. NO REPRODUCTIONS or FORWARDS of any kind are permitted without prior permission of the original author AND of the Showgsd-l Management. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALL PERSONS ARE ON NOTICE THAT THE FORWARDING, REPRODUCTION OR USE IN ANY MANNER OF ANY MATERIAL WHICH APPEARS ON SHOWGSD-L WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PERMISSION OF ALL PARTIES TO THE POST AND THE LIST MANAGEMENT IS EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN, AND IS A VIOLATION OF LAW. VIOLATORS OF THIS PROHIBITION WILL BE PROSECUTED. For assistance, please contact the List Management at admin@xxxxxxxxxxxx VISIT OUR WEBSITE - http://showgsd.org NATIONAL BLOG - http://gsdnational.blogspot.com/ ============================================================================