In a message sent on Sunday, February 05, 2006 at 7:46 PM EST,=20 Kathy [Pinehillgsds@xxxxxxx] writes: I don't know if there is any truth to this or if it's an "old wives" tale,=20 but the old timers I know seem to think it's the bitch that determines if her=20 offspring have both [testicles descended].... =20 For a dog to be Cryptorchid (one or both testicles undescended), then BOTH the sire and dam must contribute the gene for Cryptorchidism. Cryptorchidism is known as a Sex-Limited Autosomal Recessive trait. So, a normal appearing male may be a carrier of the gene and not affected. Of course, the female will never be affected, but may be a carrier. Dachshunds are one of the breeds predisposed to Cryptorchidism.=20 If the Sire is physically normal, but is a carrier of the gene for Cryptorchidism and the Dam has One of the gene pairs for Cryptorchidism, then the male offspring have a 25% chance of being Normal and not a carrier, a 25% chance of being Cryptorchid, and a 50% chance of being a carrier. When a Sire is a Carrier and the Dam has BOTH gene pairs for Cryptorchidism. The male offspring then have a 50% chance of being affected by Cryptorchidism and a 50% chance of being a Carrier. This is pretty rotten because both sire and dam appear normal physically, but the breeding may produce Cryptorchid pups and will always produce Carriers. Of course the worst, but avoidable, case is when a Cryptorchid dog is bred to a bitch who carries Both gene pairs for Cryptorchidism. Then, 100% of the male pups will be Cryptorchid, while 100% of the female pups will carry both gene pairs for the trait. The gist of all this is, you can't place all the blame on Mama. Hope this helps. Paulette McGuirt ============================================================================ POST is Copyrighted 2006. All material remains the property of the original author and of GSD Communication, Inc. NO REPRODUCTIONS or FORWARDS of any kind are permitted without prior permission of the original author AND of the Showgsd-l Management. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALL PERSONS ARE ON NOTICE THAT THE FORWARDING, REPRODUCTION OR USE IN ANY MANNER OF ANY MATERIAL WHICH APPEARS ON SHOWGSD-L WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PERMISSION OF ALL PARTIES TO THE POST AND THE LIST MANAGEMENT IS EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN, AND IS A VIOLATION OF LAW. VIOLATORS OF THIS PROHIBITION WILL BE PROSECUTED. For assistance, please contact the List Management at admin@xxxxxxxxxxxx VISIT OUR WEBSITE - URL temporarily deleted due to AOL issues ============================================================================