I believe that temperament is 100% inherited through the genes.  Here are a couple sites for thought.  The Dire Wolf Project  http://www.direwolfproject.com/temperament.html  Canine Behaviour: Selecting for Improved Temperament  http://cynologist.com/index.php/behaviour-and-training/canine-behaviour-selecting-for-improved-temperament  Theresa ________________________________ From: Penny & Bill <Ketchy@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx> To: Terry Cochran <terrycochran97756@xxxxxxxxx>; The List <showgsd-l@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Saturday, June 29, 2013 7:31 PM Subject: [ SHOWGSD-L ] Re: Temperament They sure do. They can even be trained to pass temperament tests. UGH. Penny in NC The Farm Dog Forever From: Terry Cochran Sent: Saturday, June 29, 2013 6:15 PM To: Ketchy@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx ; The List Subject: Re: [ SHOWGSD-L ] Temperament Trained spooks show really well :0) I agree with both you and the good dr. 100 % of what the dog is hereditary. The rest depends on the skills of the trainer. Terry From: Penny & Bill <Ketchy@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx> To: The List <showgsd-l@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Saturday, June 29, 2013 3:10 PM Subject: [ SHOWGSD-L ] Temperament A breath of fresh air! Finally someone (Dr. Goldfarb) has told it the way it isâtemperament is 90% hereditary and 10 environmental. That must be why, when Jeddie was a wee girl and I had my first knee operation and couldnât take her anywhere (because I couldnât go anywhere myself), she was perfectly sound WITHOUT SOCIALIZATION. Naturally I believe in taking our dogs places to expose them to different elements, but when I have been unable to do that, it does not change their temperaments one iota. In the past, I tried to socialize to change spooks or have sent them to handlers; in my experience it does nothing to change basically unsound temperaments. Penny in NC The Farm Dog Forever ============================================================================ POST is Copyrighted 2012. All material remains the property of the original author and of GSD Communication, Inc. NO REPRODUCTIONS or FORWARDS of any kind are permitted without prior permission of the original author AND of the Showgsd-l Management. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Each Author is responsible for the content of his/her post. This group and its administrators are not responsible for the comments or opinions expressed in any post. ALL PERSONS ARE ON NOTICE THAT THE FORWARDING, REPRODUCTION OR USE IN ANY MANNER OF ANY MATERIAL WHICH APPEARS ON SHOWGSD-L WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PERMISSION OF ALL PARTIES TO THE POST AND THE LIST MANAGEMENT IS EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN, AND IS A VIOLATION OF LAW. VIOLATORS OF THIS PROHIBITION WILL BE PROSECUTED. For assistance, please contact the List Management at admin@xxxxxxxxxxx VISIT OUR WEBSITE - http://showgsd.org SUBSCRIPTION:http://showgsd.org/mail.html NATIONAL BLOG - http://gsdnational.blogspot.com/ ============================================================================