I used to think that, was fond of saying if a "bad" wasn't there, doubling up wasn't going to put it there, and in some cases, with certain "bads" that's absolutely true BUT...now I know better. Continuous line or inbreeding wrecks havoc w/ the immune system. You start to see immune mediated diseases that weren't there in the original pedigrees, not to mention fertility problems, smaller litters, less thrifty puppies etc., (there is actually a name for it...inbreeding depression), overall "poor doers". You see coat issues, chronic ear infections, allergies, digestive issues, food absorption issues and so forth. It's actually getting a little silly. Heard of someone bragging about a litter being 3x so and so on 1 side, 2x (another) so and so on the other side...well, father of the 3x dog (dead at 8 BTW) AND the 2 dogs trippled/doubled up on are also related...guess they didn't look back far enough to realize....want a puppy? Not to say I won't do a close breeding but I am very aware just HOW related the dogs are. I agreed with everything else you said Carolyn. Sick of folks condemning breeders for wanting structurally correct "pretty" dogs. There isn't a link between butt ugly and healthy. Kathy, member GSDCA, DVGSDC Celebrating generations of Dual Titled TC'd Champions visit http://www.pinehillgsds.com/ In a message dated 6/28/2013 2:36:49 A.M. Eastern Daylight Time, marhaven@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx writes: Line breeding OR inbreeding does NOT cause 'problem' genes to develop. IF you are inbreeding and the problem is not there..inbreeding cannot CAUSE the problem! You won't 'create' a problem with an inbreeding. The problem has to already be there. ============================================================================ POST is Copyrighted 2012. All material remains the property of the original author and of GSD Communication, Inc. NO REPRODUCTIONS or FORWARDS of any kind are permitted without prior permission of the original author AND of the Showgsd-l Management. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Each Author is responsible for the content of his/her post. This group and its administrators are not responsible for the comments or opinions expressed in any post. ALL PERSONS ARE ON NOTICE THAT THE FORWARDING, REPRODUCTION OR USE IN ANY MANNER OF ANY MATERIAL WHICH APPEARS ON SHOWGSD-L WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PERMISSION OF ALL PARTIES TO THE POST AND THE LIST MANAGEMENT IS EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN, AND IS A VIOLATION OF LAW. VIOLATORS OF THIS PROHIBITION WILL BE PROSECUTED. For assistance, please contact the List Management at admin@xxxxxxxxxxx VISIT OUR WEBSITE - http://showgsd.org SUBSCRIPTION:http://showgsd.org/mail.html NATIONAL BLOG - http://gsdnational.blogspot.com/ ============================================================================