I am not sure I agree with her :-) I am quite familiar with dilution genes as I have Shelties. White is completely independent of the genes for sable (agouti), black and tan, or solid patterns that occur in colored dogs. It is also totally independent of either of the blue or liver dilution genes found in the breed. The white gene masks the genetic coat pigment of the dog, although it does not affect skin pigment. A good white should have dark eyes, and a black nose and lips. Because white is in a different location on the chromosome from the genes for patterns, primary body colors, and marking colors, a white dog may genetically be of any pattern or combination of primary and marking colors found in the dark dogs. For example, a white dog may actually be genetically an agouti dog carrying the two-tone gene. When such a white dog is bred to a solid black dog, the black dog would provide the pigment allowing the genetic patterns of the white parent to show up in their non-white progeny. That is why black to white breeding can produce sables and black/tan dogs. Only if the white parent has at least one gene for the solid pattern can a white to a black produce solid blacks. The colored parent must also possess at least one gene for the white recessive gene for a black to a white to produce whites. Dogs of other patterns than solid black may produce any of the patterns and colors found in colored dogs when bred to white, depending on what pattern and color genes BOTH of the parents possess. I do believe that the gene for recessive white is totally independent of paling genes.I have seen too many dogs of rich pigment born out of white to colored breeding,and there was absolutely no indication in the non-white progeny that they carried the white recessive. Breeding white to white will result in whiter whites,and that breeding white to dogs with red ground color will produce whites with more cream tinge in their white. It is interesting too,that when a white has cream tinge-the cream usually is in the parts of the coat corresponding to the darkest areas on a sable or black//tan dog-possibly a further indication of which whites also possesses pattern genes. It is likely that breeders of whites selected dogs of paler pigment to breed with whites, in an effort to produce a whiter white, instead of white causing paling in colored dogs carrying a white gene. I have seen a number of good whites with excellent black pigment and very white coats. White whites with black pigment are the most desirable,but like good breeders of other colors,reputable white breeders also have to consider many things other than color in choosing their breeding partners. There are two different dilutions of the black color possible,diluting it to blue or liver. A dog with normal black pigment can carry both the liver and blue gene,as blue and liver are at different places on the chromosome. In either dilution, the blue or liver color replaces the black pigment on the dog. The dominant white spotting gene found in nearly all mammals is common in the GSD. It is independent of the genes for the coat color and marking patterns in the breed. The most common sites for dominant white spotting include the tip of the tail, the chest, and the toes. It does NOT indicate anything as to whether a dog carries recessive white. It does NOT indicate whether a dog carries genes for rich or paled colors or dilutions. This white spotting gene is not the same Irish White spotting gene as seen in Collies, Shelties and a number of other breeds. The Irish Spotting gene is extremely rare in GSDs. Ginger Cleary,Rome, GA ww.rihadin.com The essence of Government is power; and power, lodged as it must be in human hands, will ever be liable to abuse. ? James Madison Member GSDCA Member Sawnee Mtn Kennel Club GA Director Responsible Dog Owners of the Eastern States. -----Original Message----- From: Scharo777@xxxxxxx [mailto:Scharo777@xxxxxxx] Sent: Sunday, August 26, 2007 9:28 PM To: cleary1414@xxxxxxxxxxx; showgsd-l@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: How "white" GSD come about In a message dated 8/26/2007 12:04:17 A.M. Central Daylight Time, cleary1414@xxxxxxxxxxx writes: It is not at all uncommon. White in GSDs is a "masking" gene. So underneath that white (genetically speaking) is another color. In the case of these pups it was obviously sable for at least one of the parents. I asked Sherry Wallis about this. No virus found in this outgoing message. Checked by AVG Free Edition. Version: 7.5.484 / Virus Database: 269.12.8/973 - Release Date: 8/25/2007 5:00 PM ============================================================================ POST is Copyrighted 2007. 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