Hi; When I first became involved in the sport of dogs I trained with Diane Bauman, who has written books on OB training, conducted seminars, classes etc. and put OB titles including OTCH's on breeds no other would even try. Diane taught me to use when very young two fingers under the jaw if a puppy was biting or mouthing. It caught them by surprise, and as soon as they stopped you praised. They usually stopped immediately due to the element of surprise. Every time a puppy went to bit I did this, after a few times that got the message and stopped. If it a large dog, us use a closed fist under the jaw. Again it's the element of surprise and if you praise immediately and smile they really do not think you did it, because they never saw your hand, only you smiling and praising. It has worked very well for me over the years. Another one I love is from Carol Benjamin's book "Mother Knows Best", you correct the pup by placing your mouth over his snoot just like his Mom would. I have done this in the confirmation ring with a miss behavin dog, it looks like he is getting a kiss instead of a correction. Cathy Kelstar Catherine Murch fmurch@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Why Wait? Move to EarthLink. ============================================================================ POST is Copyrighted 2005. All material remains the property of the original author and of GSD Communication, Inc. NO REPRODUCTIONS or FORWARDS of any kind are permitted without prior permission of the original author AND of the Showgsd-l Management. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALL PERSONS ARE ON NOTICE THAT THE FORWARDING, REPRODUCTION OR USE IN ANY MANNER OF ANY MATERIAL WHICH APPEARS ON SHOWGSD-L WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PERMISSION OF ALL PARTIES TO THE POST AND THE LIST MANAGEMENT IS EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN, AND IS A VIOLATION OF LAW. VIOLATORS OF THIS PROHIBITION WILL BE PROSECUTED. For assistance, please contact the List Management at admin@xxxxxxxxxxxx VISIT OUR WEBSITE - http://www.showgsd.org ============================================================================