Hello: If a class is final: Public final class Constants.... Is it implied that all members are by default final or when they are declared it's still requires the final key word: Public static final String MY_STRING = "Hello"; ...and why would a developer have a static import? Jim James M. Corbett Programmer / Analyst | Canada Revenue Agency | Agence du revenue du Canada 875 Heron Rd. Ottawa, On. K1A0L5 James.Corbett@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Telephone | Téléphone: (613) 941-1338 Facsimile | Télécopieur: (613) 941-2261 Government of Canada | Gouvernement du Canada "Due to the highly confidential nature of my job, I'm not allowed to know what I'm doing."