Hi Charlotte,
The little C program I sent you previously is for Solaris – sorry. The
following version compiles on Linux as well:
#include<time.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
long get_hr_timestamp_ns();
int main()
{
long start, end;
int i, j;
printf("loop duration [ns]:\n");
printf("------------------------------------\n");
while(1){
start = get_hr_timestamp_ns();
for ( i = 0; i < 1e8; i++ )
{
j = j + 1;
}
end = get_hr_timestamp_ns();
printf("%ld\n", end - start );
}
}
long get_hr_timestamp_ns()
{
long t ;
#if defined(__sun)
t = (long)gethrtime();
#endif
#if defined(__linux__)
struct timespec ts;
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
t = ts.tv_sec * 1e9 + ts.tv_nsec;
#endif
return t;
}
This is how you compile it:
gcc cpu_loop.c –o cpu_loop
Best regards,
Nenad
https://nenadnoveljic.com/blog/
From: Noveljic Nenad
Sent: Dienstag, 5. November 2019 10:28
To: 'Charlotte Hammond' <charlottejanehammond@xxxxxxxxx>;
dmarc-noreply@xxxxxxxxxxxxx; ORACLE-L <oracle-l@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Subject: RE: Sudden Backup Slowdown
Hi Charlotte,
So, on the OS you're seeing effectively 32 CPUs?
By the way, there must be 4 to 9 other processes competing with backups for the
CPUs. Maybe, that's something worth looking into, because you didn't expect
that (you mentioned that there's nothing else running concurrently), even
though that's not the cause for increase in elapsed time (the run queue length
over time is the same in both cases).
Since the AWR statistics (blocks read, written, etc.) are the same for both
cases we can also exclude the increased data volume as the cause of the
increased elapsed time.
I would, therefore, focus on the following:
1. Test CPU performance (as suggested by Dimitre):
- single thread over time
- increasing the load from 1 to #CPUs parallel threads to see if the
performance of a single thread is decreasing as the load is increasing (it
shouldn't).
If you don't have a baseline from when it was running "fast" you could compare
the performance to other VMs, preferably in different geographic locations, as
suggested in the article posted by Dimitre.
You can use either some standard performance tool or simply measure the
execution time of a simple C loop, like this:
#include<time.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
long start, end;
int i, j;
while(1)
{
start = (long)gethrtime();
for ( i = 0; i < 1e8; i++ )
{
j=i+1 ;
}
end = (long)gethrtime();
printf("ns: %ld\n", end - start );
}
}
I'm aware that your SLAs are mentioning a guaranteed performance. Nevertheless,
I think it's worth double-checking in such a situation.
2. Profiling stacks
If the CPU performance hasn't changed, then you could sample stacks and profile
them. Even though we can't compare it to before, we can see if some unexpected
functions appear on the stack.
Best regards,
Nenad
https://nenadnoveljic.com/blog/
From: Charlotte Hammond
<charlottejanehammond@xxxxxxxxx<mailto:charlottejanehammond@xxxxxxxxx>>
Sent: Dienstag, 5. November 2019 09:28
To: dmarc-noreply@xxxxxxxxxxxxx<mailto:dmarc-noreply@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>; ORACLE-L
<oracle-l@xxxxxxxxxxxxx<mailto:oracle-l@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>>; Noveljic Nenad
<nenad.noveljic@xxxxxxxxxxxx<mailto:nenad.noveljic@xxxxxxxxxxxx>>
Subject: Re: Sudden Backup Slowdown
Hi Nenad,
The average run queue is about 20 (peaking at about 25) whilst the backup is
running. The figure is the same for both the slow and fast runs. I've
graphed them out and they look pretty much the same. This is a fairly high
figure but it doesn't seem to have changed.
We have 16 backup channels and 16 CPUs (2 threads per processor).
Yes, the compression is "basic" but that has not changed.
Thanks,
Charlotte
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