. . Date: Thu, 15 Mar 2012 10:59:14 -0700 From: Richard Hake <rrhake@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Reply-To: Net-Gold@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx To: AERA-L@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Cc: Net-Gold@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: [Net-Gold] Re: Khan Academy on Sixty Minutes . . . If you reply to this long (12 kB) post please don't hit the reply button unless you prune the copy of this post that may appear in your reply down to a few relevant lines, otherwise the entire already archived post may be needlessly resent to subscribers. . ********************************************** . ABSTRACT: POD's James Morrison wrote (paraphrasing): "Last night Sixty Minutes featured the "Kahn Academy: The Future of Education" - a great depiction of an innovative disruption, now applied to the sciences, but with a prospect of expanding to other disciplines, K-16." . Alan Bender then pointed to an initiative "Multi-institutional Cognitive Coursewares Design" at <http://bit.ly/wIUPGh> by the "Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities" to "develop sophisticated online tutorials for various introductory college courses rather than to wait for textbook publishers and other companies to do so (and to end up controlling the whole process)." . But Kahn Academy creator Salman Kahn is only indirectly responsible for: . (a) the highly publicized "flipped classroom," see e.g., "How 'Flipping' the Classroom Can Improve the Traditional Lecture" at (for subscribers) <http://bit.ly/xKYX8h> in the "Chronicle of Higher Education," and . (b) the consequent race to develop tutorials for introductory college courses. . In an interview <http://bit.ly/yAfKac> in "Education Week" Kahn says: "Very little of this [flipping of the classroom] did I think of myself. . . . . the flipped classroom is not what we view as the ideal or the endpoint. We view it almost as a transition state. . . . instead of holding fixed the time and date when you learn something and the variable is how well you learn it, we're saying let's hold fixed how well you learn it, and you learn it at a deep level, and what's variable is how long you have to learn it, and when you learn it, and when you revisit the material." . ********************************************** . A thread "Khan Academy on Sixty Minutes," now grown to 4 posts on 15 March 2012 08:32-0800 on the OPEN! POD archives for March at <http://bit.ly/A0vWNr> - click on "Subject" in the header and scroll down - was initiated by POD's James Morrison (2012) who wrote: . "Just in case you didn't catch Sixty Minutes last night, their feature titled 'Kahn Academy: The Future of Education' was a great depiction of an innovative disruption, now applied to the sciences, but with a prospect of expanding to other disciplines, K-16." . POD's Alan Bender (2012 responded (slightly edited): . ". . . . .A month ago, there was a presentation on our campus about efforts to develop sophisticated online tutorials for various introductory college courses. That initiative is called "Multi-institutional Cognitive Coursewares Design" [APLU (2012) at <http://bit.ly/wIUPGh>]. The folks who are working to get that initiative off the ground are hoping for universities to develop such courses rather than to wait for textbook publishers and other companies to do so (and to end up controlling the whole process)." . An interview of Salman Kahn, creator of the Kahn Academy, by Lesli Maxwell (2012) of "Education Week" is freely available at <http://bit.ly/yAfKac>, and shows that Kahn is only indirectly responsible for (a) the highly publicized "flipped classroom" - see e.g., "How 'Flipping' the Classroom Can Improve the Traditional Lecture" [Berrett (2012)] and (b) the consequent race to develop tutorials for introductory college courses. . In her interview, Maxwell asked: "Where did the idea of the 'flipped classroom' come from?" . To which Kahn replied [bracketed by lines "KKKKK . . . .", so as to avoid in most cases awkward quotes within quotes " '.....' "]: . KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK . Very little of this did I think of myself. I also want to emphasize that the flipped classroom is not what we view as the ideal or the endpoint. We view it almost as a transition state. But the flipped classroom is ? essentially, early on, I had these videos out there and teachers started emailing me saying: "Hey, we flipped our classroom. We used your video. Why should I, the teacher, have to do that lecture anymore? I'm having students watch it on their own time and pace." In our mind, the reason why I say that's a transition state is that it could still imply that all the students are working through the curriculum at the same pace. . We would say, instead of holding fixed the time and date when you learn something and the variable is how well you learn it, we're saying let's hold fixed how well you learn it, and you learn it at a deep level, and what's variable is how long you have to learn it, and when you learn it, and when you revisit the material." . KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK . That Kahn had little to do with the flipped classroom idea is consistent with my comments [Hake (2012)] on Berrett's (2012) Chronicle report. I wrote (slightly edited): . HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH . . . . not everyone uses "flipping" in the general sense used by Berrett of "the inversion of expectations in the traditional college lecture." High-school physics teacher Frank Noschese called my attention to a report "The Flipped Class: Shedding light on the confusion, critique, and hype" by Aaron Sams (2011). Sams wrote: "The Khan Academy has shown up in the news lately and many associate the Flipped Classroom with the Khan Academy. While the Khan Academy does represent a form of the Flipped Classroom, it is not the only way this concept can be implemented. . . . . When you read anything about 'The Flipped Classroom' mentally substitute 'a class that uses screencasts as an instructional tool' for 'The Flipped Classroom' and all will be well." . In any case "Flipped Classrooms" has made it BIG on the internet. A Google search for "Flipped Classrooms" (with the quotes) yielded 33,300 hits at <http://bit.ly/ACTnNt> on 24 Feb 2012 15:00-0800.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH . . . Richard Hake, Emeritus Professor of Physics, Indiana University Honorary Member, Curmudgeon Lodge of Deventer, The Netherlands President, PEdants for Definitive Academic References which Recognize the Invention of the Internet (PEDARRII) <rrhake@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Links to Articles: <http://bit.ly/a6M5y0> Links to SDI Labs: <http://bit.ly/9nGd3M> Blog: <http://bit.ly/9yGsXh> Academia: <http://iub.academia.edu/RichardHake> Twitter <https://twitter.com/#!/rrhake> . . . "People have nowadays . . . got a strange opinion that everything should be taught by lectures. Now, I cannot see that lectures can do so much good as reading the books from which the lectures are taken. Lectures were once useful; but now, when we can all read, and books are so numerous, lectures are unnecessary. " Samuel Johnson according to James Boswell (1791) [Samuel Johnson doubtless rolls in his grave at the thought that in the 21st Century *videos* are evidently replacing *reading*.] . . . REFERENCES [All URL's shortened by <http://bit.ly/> and accessed on 15 March 2012.] APLU. "Multi-institutional Cognitive Coursewares Design," Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities," online at <http://bit.ly/wIUPGh>. . . . Bender, A. 2012. "Re: Khan Academy on Sixty Minutes," online on the OPEN! POD archives at <http://bit.ly/zBgGPv>. Post of 12 Mar 2012 19:36:01-0400 to POD. . Berrett, D. 2012. "How 'Flipping' the Classroom Can Improve the Traditional Lecture" Chronicle of Higher Education 19 Feb; online to subscrbers at <http://bit.ly/xKYX8h>. A sequel "Lecture Fail? Students and Professors Sound Off on the State of the College Lecture" is freely available (probably only for a few weeks) at <http://bit.ly/yKy70D>. . Boswell, J. 1791. "Life of Samuel Johnson, LL.D.", online at <http://bit.ly/qfDXPz>. . Hake, R.R. 2012. "Flipping the Classroom vs Traditional Lecture," online at <http://bit.ly/wYdWIl>. Post of 24 Feb 2012 19:51:14-0800 to AERA-L and Net-Gold. The abstract and link to the complete post were transmitted to several discussion lists and are also on my blog "Hake'sEdStuff" at <http://bit.ly/y83WAz> with a provision for comments. . Morrison, J. 2012. "Khan Academy on Sixty Minutes," online on the OPEN! POD archives at <http://bit.ly/A8Iwcc>. . Sams, A. 2011. "The Flipped Class: Shedding light on the confusion, critique, and hype," Daily Riff, 11 November; online at <http://bit.ly/xgWQsn>. . .