[NCBI_ECDL_class] formulas absolute and relative
- From: "Joe Lonergan" <joelonergan25@xxxxxxxxxx>
- To: <ncbi_ecdl_class@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2011 17:23:28 -0000
Hi below is a quick note on absolute and relative formulas
Formulas Absolute and Relative
Jaws Keystrokes
Use f4 to make ref absolute, type cell ref and press f4, ref will be made
absolute
When calculating the total (sum) and the average marks, it is possible to use a
formula. Excel automatically changes the references to the cells as it goes
across columns or as it goes down rows. This is called using Relative
References. Relative references are ones that the cell reference will change
as you use copy down or across, however sometimes you may have a cell in a
formula whose reference you do not want to change as you copy across or copy
down. for example if you were calculating the percentage marks a student
received in a certain test, the total maximum marks available will not change
for each student, each student is doing the same test and will be marked out of
the same total . The cell that contains the total possible mark will have to
stay the same when you copy down or across. Excel must always refer back to the
maximum marks in this cell and it must not change this reference as it goes
down the list. This kind of fixed reference is called an Absolute Reference. To
enter an absolute reference in a formula a dollar sign ($) is added before and
after each letter .Then, as Excel moves down the list, it always refers to that
cell when calculating that part of the formula.
Exercise
In cell A1 put in Total possible marks in B1 put 100
Please input the following test results down a column starting in cell a3 and
going down 50, 23, 45, 65, 72, 80
Please put in a title above this column call it results in cell a2
In cell B2 put in a title call it % now calculate the percentage results.
Use one formula and copy remember you will need to put in an absolute
reference.
So here is the formula you will need =a3/b1 press the f4 key after b1 to make
it absolute.
Put your cursor back into b3 press shift and down arrow until b8 then press
control d to copy down your formula.
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