Charcoal was used in the Land between the Lakes area of Tennessee and Kentucky in the 1850s to make iron but I have never burnt charcoal in my locomotive boilers. (I have a small stash of free coal from the basement of a house that was being remodeled here in town (Troy). The plentiful white oak timber in LBL area was cut and burnt while covered as Bob has mentioned until the land was pert' near clear cut. The iron furnaces used were pyramidal stone structures into which limestone, iron ore and charcoal were layered and burned together. Molten iron was tapped from the bottom of the furnace and a continous supply of raw materials dumped in the top to keep the "blast" running for months at a time. Better grades of ore up on Lake Superior plus the diminishing supply of wood for charcoal doomed the iron industry in this area by about 1912. Some of the furnace ruins can still be seen along the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers and if anyone is interested, I have a photo of a perfectly preserved furnace at about the Tennessee/Kentucky state lines. Just send me your email addy and it will be on the way. Jesse in Tennessee USA > The CHAR made in Australia is from Brown Coal, as told to you by TEL, aka > Terry L. MODEL ENGINEERING DISCUSSION LIST. To UNSUBSCRIBE from this list, send a blank email to, modeleng-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with the word "unsubscribe" in the subject line.